Kokturk N.Babayigit C.Kul S.Duru Cetinkaya P.Atis Nayci S.Argun Baris S.Karcioglu O.Aysert P.Irmak I.Akbas Yuksel A.Sekibag Y.Baydar Toprak O.Azak E.Mulamahmutoglu S.Cuhadaroglu C.Demirel A.Kerget B.Baran Ketencioglu B.Ozger H.S.Ozkan G.Ture Z.Ergan B.Avkan Oguz V.Kilinc O.Ercelik M.Ulukavak Ciftci T.Alici O.Nurlu Temel E.Ataoglu O.Aydin A.Cetiner Bahcetepe D.Gullu Y.T.Fakili F.Deveci F.Kose N.Tor M.M.Gunluoglu G.Altin S.Turgut T.Tuna T.Ozturk O.Dikensoy O.Yildiz Gulhan P.Basyigit I.Boyaci H.Oguzulgen I.K.Borekci S.Gemicioglu B.Bayraktar F.Elbek O.Hanta I.Kuzu Okur H.Sagcan G.Uzun O.Akgun M.Altinisik G.Dursun B.Cakir Edis E.Gulhan E.Oner Eyuboglu F.Gultekin O.Havlucu Y.Ozkan M.Sakar Coskun A.Sayiner A.Kalyoncu A.F.Itil O.Bayram H.2024-07-222024-07-22202109546111http://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/13341The COVID-19-related death rate varies between countries and is affected by various risk factors. This multicenter registry study was designed to evaluate the mortality rate and the related risk factors in Turkey. We retrospectively evaluated 1500 adults with COVID-19 from 26 centers who were hospitalized between March 11 and July 31, 2020. In the study group, 1041 and 459 cases were diagnosed as definite and highly probable cases, respectively. There were 993 PCR-positive cases (66.2%). Among all cases, 1144 (76.3%) were diagnosed with non-severe pneumonia, whereas 212 (14.1%) had severe pneumonia. Death occurred in 67 patients, corresponding to a mortality rate of 4.5% (95% CI:3.5–5.6). The univariate analysis demonstrated that various factors, including male sex, age ≥65 years and the presence of dyspnea or confusion, malignity, chronic obstructive lung disease, interstitial lung disease, immunosuppressive conditions, severe pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction, and sepsis, were positively associated with mortality. Favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin were not associated with survival. Following multivariate analysis, male sex, severe pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction, malignancy, sepsis and interstitial lung diseases were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. Among the biomarkers, procalcitonin levels on the 3rd-5th days of admission showed the strongest associations with mortality (OR: 6.18; 1.6–23.93). This study demonstrated that the mortality rate in hospitalized patients in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic was a serious threat and that those patients with male sex, severe pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction, malignancy, sepsis and interstitial lung diseases were at increased risk of mortality; therefore, such patients should be closely monitored. © 2021 Elsevier LtdEnglishAll Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open AccessAgedCOVID-19FemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsPopulation SurveillanceRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSurvival RateTurkeyalbuminantibiotic agentanticoagulant agentazithromycinbeta lactam antibioticbeta lactamase inhibitorbicarbonateC reactive proteincarbapenem derivativeclarithromycincreatine kinaseD dimerdoxycyclinefavipiravirferritinhydroxychloroquineimmunomodulating agentlactate dehydrogenaselopinavirlow molecular weight heparinoseltamivirprocalcitoninquinolone derivativesteroidtocilizumabadultagedArticleasthmaatherosclerosisbronchiectasiscause of deathcerebrovascular diseasechronic kidney failurechronic obstructive lung diseaseclinical evaluationclinical outcomecohort analysisconfusionconnective tissue diseasecontrolled studycoronavirus disease 2019diabetes mellitusdisease associationdyspneafemaleheart failurehospital admissionhospital mortalityhospital patienthospitalizationhumanimmune deficiencyinfection riskinterstitial lung diseaseinvasive ventilationlife threatliver diseaselung carcinomamajor clinical studymalemortality ratemultiple organ failurenoninvasive ventilationoxygen therapyoxygenationpandemicpolymerase chain reactionpriority journalretrospective studyrisk assessmentrisk factorsepsissurvival rateTurk (people)virus pneumoniaclinical trialepidemiologyhealth surveymiddle agedmortalitymulticenter studypandemicturkey (bird)The predictors of COVID-19 mortality in a nationwide cohort of Turkish patientsArticle10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106433