Ozdemir N.Toraman A.Taneli F.Yurekli B.S.Hekimsoy Z.2024-07-222024-07-22202311093099http://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/11804Purpose: The aim of our study is to evaluate whether serum Klotho/FGF-23 and apelin-13 can be used as new biomarkers for detection of development of nephropathy. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 88 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 38 healthy controls were included. The mean duration of T2DM was 11.4 ± 9.7 years. T2DM individuals were categorized into two groups as group 1 with e-GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and group 2 with e-GFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. They were also divided into two groups according to their 24 h urine albumin levels, classifying them as follows: normoalbuminuria if less than 30 mg/day and albuminuria if more than 30 mg/day. Results: Mean serum Klotho levels in the T2DM group were observed to be significantly higher than in the control group. Serum apelin-13 levels were observed to be significantly lower in the T2DM group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). In the diabetic group, apelin-13 levels were positively correlated with age, waist circumference, and albuminuria while they were negatively correlated with e-GFR. Apelin-13 levels were seen to be significantly higher in group 1 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Apelin-13 levels were found to be significantly higher in individuals with diabetic nephropathy than in those without diabetic nephropathy. In the diabetic group, a significant relationship was detected between apelin-13 levels and albumin excretion. Based on these findings, we consider that serum Klotho and apelin-13 levels may have a protective effect on diabetic nephropathy and can additionally be used as a biomarker to predict diabetic nephropathy. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Hellenic Endocrine Society.EnglishAlbuminsAlbuminuriaApelinBiomarkersCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NephropathiesGlucuronidaseHumansalbuminapelinapelin 13biological markerfibroblast growth factor 23klotho proteinunclassified drugalbuminapelinapelin-13 peptidebeta glucuronidasebiological markeradultagealbumin urine levelalbuminuriaArticlecontrolled studycorrelation analysiscross-sectional studydiabetic nephropathydiabetic patientdisease durationdisease markerenzyme linked immunosorbent assayestimated glomerular filtration ratefemalehumanlaboratory testmajor clinical studymalemiddle agednon insulin dependent diabetes mellitusprotein blood levelprotein functionTurkey (republic)university hospitalwaist circumferencediabetic nephropathynon insulin dependent diabetes mellitusurineArticle10.1007/s42000-023-00464-4