Gaggiano, CMaselli, ASfikakis, PPLaskari, KRagab, GHegazy, MTLaymouna, AHLopalco, GAlmaghlouth, IAAsfina, KNAlahmed, OMayrink, HAGAntonelli, IPDCattalini, MPiga, MSota, JGentileschi, SMaggio, MCOpris-Belinski, DHatemi, GInsalaco, AOlivieri, ANTufan, AKaradeniz, HKardas, RCLa Torre, FCardinale, FMarino, AGuerriero, SRuscitti, PTarsia, MVitale, ACaggiano, VTelesca, SIannone, FParretti, VFrassi, MAragona, ECiccia, FWiesik-Szewczyk, EIonescu, RSahin, AAkkoç, NHinojosa-Azaola, ATharwat, SHernández-Rodríguez, JEspinosa, GConti, GDel Giudice, EGovoni, MEmmi, GFabiani, CBalistreri, AFrediani, BRigante, DCantarini, L2024-07-182024-07-181828-04471970-9366http://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/11055This study aims to describe musculoskeletal manifestations (MSM) in children with Behcet's syndrome (BS), their association with other disease manifestations, response to therapy, and long-term prognosis. Data were retrieved from the AIDA Network Behcet's Syndrome Registry. Out of a total of 141 patients with juvenile BS, 37 had MSM at disease onset (26.2%). The median age at onset was 10.0 years (IQR 7.7). The median follow-up duration was 21.8 years (IQR 23.3). Recurrent oral (100%) and genital ulcers (67.6%) and pseudofolliculitis (56.8%) were the most common symptoms associated with MSM. At disease onset, 31 subjects had arthritis (83.8%), 33 arthralgia (89.2%), and 14 myalgia (37.8%). Arthritis was monoarticular in 9/31 cases (29%), oligoarticular in 10 (32.3%), polyarticular in 5 (16.1%), axial in 7 (22.6%). Over time, arthritis became chronic-recurrent in 67.7% of cases and 7/31 patients had joint erosions (22.6%). The median Behcet's Syndrome Overall Damage Index was 0 (range 0-4). Colchicine was inefficacious for MSM in 4/14 cases (28.6%), independently from the type of MSM (p = 0.46) or the concomitant therapy (p = 0.30 for cDMARDs, p = 1.00 for glucocorticoids); cDMARDs and bDMARDs were inefficacious for MSM in 6/19 (31.4%) and 5/12 (41.7%) cases. The presence of myalgia was associated with bDMARDs inefficacy (p = 0.014). To conclude, MSM in children with BS are frequently associated with recurrent ulcers and pseudofolliculitis. Arthritis is mostly mono- or oligoarticular, but sacroiliitis is not unusual. Prognosis of this subset of BS is overall favorable, though the presence of myalgia negatively affects response to biologic therapies. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05200715 (registered on December 18, 2021).EnglishCOMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHYDISEASESACROILIITISARTHRITISCRITERIAACNEArticle