Umur N.Vatansever S.Umur A.Ş.Özbilgin K.Selçuki M.2024-07-222024-07-22201013006045http://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/18286The families of TGF-βs and Smads proteins that controls its intracellular signaling pathways are known to play a role in early neurulation. The aim of this study is to demonstrate distribution of TGF-βs (1, 2, 3) and Smads (1/2/3, 6, 7) proteins as a system in different hours of neural tube development of chick embryos. The SPF eggs were incubated at 37.8±2°C for 24th, 30th, 48th, 72nd h. After that, embryos were examined using immunohistochemistry and western blotting techniques. To the results, TGF-βs immunoreactivities (particularly TGF-β3) at the 24th, 30th and 48th h of chick development (during neural tube closure) were determined and decreased at the 72nd h (after neural tube closure), but expressions of TGF-βs were detected in all stage of embryos in western blotting. While Smad 1/2/3 immunoreactivitiy and expression was less than that of the Smad 6 and 7 at the 24th, it was increased at the 30th h. Smads proteins immunoreactivities were decresead at the 72nd h. In conclusion, the members of TGF-βs are play a role in chick neural tube closure, the secretions of TGF-βs are controlled different Smad proteins. In addition, immunoblotting results showed that TGF-βs and Smads proteins were effective in the development of all tissues and organs of the embryos.TurkishArticle