Uluer, ETInan, SOzbilgin, KKaraca, FDicle, NSanci, M2024-07-182024-07-181052-02951473-7760http://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/5434Mechanisms of hypoxia-related angiogenesis are important for uterine smooth muscle tumors. Factors that are related to angiogenesis during hypoxia include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1 alpha), T-cell intracellular antigen1 (TIA1), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2 alpha) and thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). We investigated immunoreactivities of VEGF, HIF1 alpha, TIA1, eIF2 alpha and TSP1 using an indirect immunoperoxidase method for formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumors that had been diagnosed as leiomyoma (LMY), cellular leiomyoma (CLM) or leiomyosarcoma (LMS). TSP1 immunoreactivity was scored as moderate, mild or minimal, while VEGF, eIF2 alpha and TIA1 immunoreactivities were scored as mild, moderate and strong in LMY, CLM and LMS samples, respectively. HIF1 alpha immunoreactivity was scored as mild to minimal in LMY, CLM and LMS samples, but showed no statistically significant differences among samples. Although angiogenic factors showed strong immunohistochemical staining intensity in LMS, anti-angiogenic factors showed minimal immunohistochemical intensity. There was no difference in HIF-1 alpha immunoreactivity compared to LMY, CLM and LMS samples. We suggest that HIF1 alpha protein synthesis could be suppressed by eIF2 alpha and TIA1. Furthermore, VEGF could be activated by pathways such as COX2, Ras, NF-kappa B or c-myc instead of HIF1 alpha. Angiogenesis could trigger and accelerate tumor development; therefore, anti-angiogenic therapy could be useful for treatment of tumors.EnglishENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTORMAMMALIAN STRESS GRANULESINDUCIBLE FACTOR-IKAPPA-B-ALPHAPROTEIN-SYNTHESISGENE-EXPRESSIONCANCERHIF-1-ALPHATRANSLATIONVEGFArticle