Aydin S.Donder E.Akin O.K.Sahpaz F.Kendir Y.Alnema M.M.2024-07-222024-07-22201008999007http://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/18346Objective: This study explores the effects of fat-free milk supplementation on individuals with chronic constipation with regard to levels of motilin and acylated and des-acylated ghrelin (which affect intestinal motility) and compares them with data from control subjects given whole milk supplementation. Methods: The investigation was designed according to the constipation severity test of individuals whose ages and body mass indexes were comparable. Individuals with mild constipation (n=10) were supplemented with 400. mL of fat-free milk daily; moderate constipation cases (n=10) were supplemented with 600 mL, and severe constipation cases (n=10) were supplemented with 800 mL of fat-free milk daily. Healthy control subjects were administered 400 mL of fat-free milk (group 1), which was followed a month later by administration of 400 mL of whole milk for 3 days (group 2). Blood samples were collected from the subjects before and after milk supplementation for hormone analyses. Motilin and acylated and des-acylated ghrelin were quantified with ELISA assay. Results: Supplementation of fat-free milk significantly increased levels of circulating motilin and ghrelin in all groups, including the control subjects, but whole milk supplementation led to a decrease in these hormone levels in the control subjects. Conclusion: Drinking fat-free milk might be a new way of solving constipation. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.EnglishAcylationAdultAgedAnimalsBiological ProductsCase-Control StudiesChronic DiseaseConstipationDietary FatsDietary SupplementsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleGastrointestinal MotilityGhrelinHumansMaleMiddle AgedMilkMotilinSeverity of Illness Indexghrelinmotilinacylationadultarticlechronic diseaseclinical articleclinical effectivenessconstipationcontrolled studydeacylationdiet supplementationdiet therapydisease severityenzyme linked immunosorbent assayfemalehormone determinationhumanintestine motilitymalemilkpriority journalprotein blood levelquantitative analysistreatment responseArticle10.1016/j.nut.2009.11.023