Browsing by Author "Çalim, SI"

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    Breast self-examination training video with the sign language for deaf women: An interventional study
    Akgün, MK; Çalim, SI
    Objective Breast self-examination is an important component for the early detection of breast cancer. The lack of knowledge of deaf women regarding breast examination and screenings may delay diagnosis of breast cancer. The objective of the study is to examine the effect of a video prepared with the sign language giving breast self-examination (BSE) skills to deaf women. Methods This study used a quantitative, quasi-experimental, comparison group research design. Participants were recruited from the Izmir Association for the Protection and Development of the Deaf, Izmir, Turkey. The research was conducted between March 2018 and March 2019. BSE training video was prepared by the researchers. One group (n = 30) watched a BSE training video with sign language. The other group (n = 30) watched a BSE training video without sign language. After the training video, the BSE Skill Assessment of all women were assessed on a female torso mannequin model using BSE Skill Assessment Form. Results The BSE skills of the women who watched the training video with sign language were significantly different from those who watched the training video without sign language (p < 0.05). Conclusion The training video with the sign language prepared by the researchers can significantly improve the BSE skills of deaf women.
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    Reliability and validity study of the childbirth skills self-efficacy scale
    Çalim, SI; Hadimli, A
    This study aimed to develop a questionnaire scale to self-assess the normal childbirth skills. The study was designed as a crosssectional and methodological. Participants were drawn from two universities in the Aegean region of western Turkey. The study sample consisted of 390 3(rd)- and 4(th)-year midwifery students. Data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form and the 36-item draft version of the Childbirth Skills Self-Efficacy Scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed within the scope of validity. Reliability was evaluated with the Cronbach's alpha method and item-total correlations. A five-factor structure which explained 69.09% of the total variance was obtained by factor analysis. The dimensions indicated by the 5-factor structure were named as follows: delivery preparation and support (10 items), pelvic examination (3 items), vaginal examination (6 items), intervention during delivery (5 items), and postpartum management (10 items). Model fit indices were at an acceptable level. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.96. The Childbirth Skills Self-Efficacy Scale can provide an acceptable measurement tool for determining midwifery students' self-efficacy related to their childbirth skills.
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    Investigation of the effect of metoclopramide on proliferation signal molecules in breast tissue
    Umur, N; Çalim, SI; Yazici, GN; Gurgen, SG
    Metoclopramide (MCP) is a drug that has been widely used in recent years due to its hyperprolactinaemia effect on mothers during breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to investigate the proliferative changes that MCP may cause in the maternal breast tissue. In this study, 18 Wistar albino young-adult breastfeeding mothers with their offspring were divided into three groups: control group, low-dose MCP-applied group and high-dose MCP-applied group. The experiment was carried out during the lactation period and at the end of 21 days. Prolactin, BrdU and Ki-67 breast tissue distributions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and tissue levels were evaluated biochemically by the ELISA method. According to ELISA and immunohistochemistry results in breast tissue, there was no significant difference between Ki-67 and BrdU results in all groups. Metoclopramide did not change the expression of proliferation molecules Ki-67 and BrdU in breast tissue. These results suggested that while metoclopramide increases breast proliferation, it does not have the risk of transforming the tissue into a tumour.
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    Ethical dilemmas experienced by midwives working in the delivery room
    Türken, H; Çalim, SI
    Background Midwives frequently encounter ethical dilemmas in a critical unit such as a delivery room. Determining these ethical dilemmas is very important to prevent ethical problems and develop an ethical approach. Aim This study aims to identify the ethical dilemma experiences of midwives working in delivery rooms in Turkey. Research design This study follows a qualitative phenomenological research design. Participants and research context The sample comprised 13 midwives with at least two years working experience in delivery rooms, having completed the midwifery program of Manisa Celal Bayar University Health Sciences Institute in the 2017-2018 academic year. Data were collected through audio-recorded semi-structured interviews to reveal their experiences. Content analysis was done using the Nvivo software package program. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and transferred into NVivo for analysis. Ethical considerations Ethical approval was granted by Manisa Celal Bayar University University Health Sciences Ethics Committee (Date: 16.12.2016 No: 372). Participation in this study was voluntary. Written and verbal consent was gained. These consents include protecting midwives' privacy, keeping information confidential, and/or allowing the participant to remain anonymous. Findings Four themes were identified: differences of approach to the birth process, hospital management, communication, and differences in ethical approach. Several factors explained these ethical dilemmas while the midwives adopted different approaches to ethical decision making. Discussion These midwives experienced various dilemmas while working in the delivery room and are aware of most of them. They also took responsibility in the decision-making process and experienced many intense emotions that they had to cope with. Conclusion The ethical dilemmas faced by these midwives while working in delivery rooms were mainly caused by hierarchy. Future studies could investigate clarifying job descriptions of midwives, who are authorized to manage normal births under their own responsibility, within the hospital management and the health care team.
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    Effect of simulation training on students' childbirth skills and satisfaction in Turkey
    Çalim, SI; Ulas, SC; Demirci, H; Tayhan, E
    This study examined the effects of simulation training on student midwives' management skills for normal childbirth and their satisfaction. This study utilized a quantitative, quasi-experimental, comparison group research design. Students were placed into two groups according to the last digit of their school identity number (odd versus even), given by The Directorate of Student Affairs. Lots were drawn to decide which simulation model the odd and even numbers would represent. One group received simulation training for normal birth skills using a low-fidelity pelvic model (n = 37) while the other group used a high-fidelity computer-based mannequin (n = 38). After the skills training, each student midwife managed the second and third stages of a simulated normal childbirth. The skill checklists were used to evaluate the students' second and third stage labor midwifery skills. After the simulation activity, the Students' Satisfaction and Self-confidence Scale was used to measure their levels of satisfaction with the simulation activity and their self-confidence in learning. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of childbirth management skills and satisfaction in learning (p > 0.05). Thus, both methods can be recommended for simulation training of student midwives.
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    Behaviors of Mothers in Complementary Feeding of their 6-12-month-old Babies
    Ulas, SC; Durgun, SK; Çalim, SI
    Objective: This study aimed to determine the behaviors of mothers in the complementary infant feeding of their 6-12-month-old babies. Materials and Methods: The research is descriptive and cross-sectional. The sample of the study consisted of mothers with 6-12-month-old babies registered in two family health centers selected by using the purposive sampling method in the city center of Manisa (n:190). The data were collected with a data collection form consisting of 65 questions prepared by the researchers. In the evaluation of the data, categorical variables were shown as numbers and percentages, and continuous variables as mean and standard deviation. Result: The mean age of the mothers participating in the study was 28.74 +/- 4.55 years. It was determined that 53.2% of them had 6-9-month-old babies and 80.5% of them continued to breastfeed. It was stated that 22.6% of the mothers started giving complementary foods to their babies at the fifth month and before, 33.2% of them tried a new food every day, and about 20% of them gave complementary foods to their babies for more than three meals. 83.4% gave their babies a regular breakfast. In this period, the most frequently used complementary foods were yogurt (68.4%), soups (51.6%), mashed fruit (48.4%), and mashed vegetables (36.3%). Conclusion: It was determined that mothers exhibit faulty behaviors in starting complementary feeding at the right time, giving nutrients in amounts appropriate to the baby's age, and starting new foods at appropriate intervals. It is important to educate mothers about complementary feeding and to support them.
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    Effect of Active Smoking During Pregnancy on Women and Newborn Health
    Yanikkerem, E; Ay, S; Çalim, SI
    The aim of the study was to identify the effect of prenatal smoking on mother and newborn health. The study was carried out in 700 women, who delivered at Merkez Efendi Maternity and Children's Hospital between 1 st January, 2011 and 31 st December, 2011. Of the sample of women, 15.6% were current and 7.3% were quitting smokers. Women who continued smoking during pregnancy lived in households with husband who smoked and had higher rates of depressive symptoms and pregnancy included hypertension. Smoker women more likely reported to expose physical violence during pregnancy by their partner. Meconium in amniotic fluid was associated with women smoking status. Newborns who were exposed to tobacco smoke prenatally had deficits in weight (-186.6 gr), height (-0.9 cm) and head circumference at birth (-0.6 cm). In the study when women quit smoking during the first trimester, their infants have anthropometric measures similar to infants of nonsmokers. Smoking during pregnancy was related to low birth weight, height, and with small head circumference. Smoking cessation during pregnancy may have a greater impact on baby anthropometrics measures which were similar to infants of nonsmokers. To protect the health of their future unborn children, it would be optimal to target all women of reproductive age to quit smoking before they consider becoming pregnant.
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    Exploring Turkish women's gynecological examination perceptions based on their metaphors: a qualitative study
    Ulas, SC; Çalim, SI; Çetinkaya, A
    BackgroundDuring the gynecological examination, women especially feel uncomfortable with the lithotomy position and experience shame and anxiety. This study aims to explore metaphors used by women who have experienced gynecological examinations.MethodsThis study is qualitative and phenomenological. The study group consisted of 90 women. Data were collected online using a data form in May-June 2021. It consisted of the sociodemographic characteristics of women and their metaphorical perceptions of gynecological examination. Data were analyzed and interpreted using a metaphorical analytical method inspired by Kochis and Gillespie. Metaphoric linguistic expressions, sequences, words, and sentences related to each other, were highlighted. The Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative research (COREQ) checklist was used in the study report.ResultsThe average age of the women was 37.29 +/- 10.14, and 73.0% were high school graduates. Three different conceptual categories were created by associating each metaphor image with a certain theme concerning women's perspective on gynecological examination. The characteristics compiled during the category development phase were used to collect 24 metaphors under a specific category. The metaphor revealed that the process, instrument (examination table), and affective aspects of the gynecological examination are in interaction. In this study was found that the main metaphor image for the gynecological table was a fork, the gynecological examination brought to mind the pregnancy because of the reason for the procedure, and most of the women used the metaphors of ache/pain for their gynecological examination experience.ConclusionsThe metaphors used for the gynecological examination expressions suggested that women's experiences were negative. Such metaphors may reflect physical and emotional discomfort experienced during the examination. Health professionals' understanding of these negative perceptions and their empathy may facilitate positive experiences for women and the detection and treatment of health problems.
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    Health-promoting Lifestyle Behaviour for Cancer Prevention: a Survey of Turkish University Students
    Ay, S; Yanikkerem, E; Çalim, SI; Yazici, M
    Background: Health risks associated with unhealthy behaviours in adolescent and university students contribute to the development of health problems in later life. During the past twenty years, there has been a dramatic increase in public, private, and professional interest in preventing disability and death through changes in lifestyle and participation in screening programs. The aim of the study was to evaluate university students' health-promoting lifestyle behaviour for cancer prevention. Method: This study was carried out on university students who had education in sports, health and social areas in Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. The health-promoting lifestyles of university students were measured with the health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP)'' The survey was conducted from March 2011 to July 2011 and the study sample consisted of 1007 university students. T-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analyses were used for statistical analyses. Results: In the univariate analyses, the overall HPLP score was significantly related to students' school, sex, age, school grades, their status of received health education lessons, place of birth, longest place of residence, current place of residence, health insurance, family income, alcohol use, their status in sports, and self-perceived health status. Healthier behaviour was found in those students whose parents had higher secondary degrees, and in students who had no siblings. In the multiple regression model, healthier behaviour was observed in Physical Education and Sports students, fourth-year students, those who exercised regularly, had a good self-perceived health status, who lived with their family, and who had received health education lessons. Conclusion: In general, in order to ensure cancer prevention and a healthy life style, social, cultural and sportive activities should be encouraged and educational programmes supporting these goals should be designed and applied in all stages of life from childhood through adulthood.
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    Relation between mothers' types of labor, birth interventions, birth experiences and postpartum depression: A multicentre follow-up study
    Atan, SU; Ozturk, R; Satir, DG; Çalim, SI; Weller, BK; Amanak, K; Saruhan, A; Sirin, A; Akercan, F
    Aim: This definitive and cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the relation between mothers' types of labor, birth interventions, birth experiences and postpartum depression. Methods: A total of 1010 mothers who gave birth in four different provinces of Turkey were chosen to participate in the study via purposive sampling method Results: The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale score was determined to be 13 and over in 36.4% of the women. In this study, it was determined that the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale scores for women in the 18-24 age group who had a vaginal birth, did not have health insurance, experienced health problems during pregnancy and were not trained about type of labor during pregnancy were statistically higher. There was no significant correlation between the birth experiences and postpartum depression. The linear regression model showed that there was a statistically significant correlation between enema and amniotomy interventions practised during the birth and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale scores. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is thought that preparing the mothers for birth with birth preparation training in the antenatal period and imposing the necessary regulations in the delivery room for the mothers to have a positive birth experience are important in reducing postpartum depression risk.