Browsing by Author "Çetinkaya, AÇ"

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    THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER AND DEPRESSION, SELF-ESTEEM, HOPELESSNESS, SUBMISSIVE ACTS, GUILT, SHAME AND ANGER IN ADOLESCENTS
    Özmen, E; Özmen, D; Çetinkaya, AÇ; Taskin, EO; Dündar, PE
    Literature Review and Objective: Although there were a number of research findings on gender differences in mental health problems, it is not known that it is a universal phenomenon or not. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between gender and depression, self-esteem, hopelessness, submissive acts, guilt, shame and anger in Turkish adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 1185 ninth-grade Turkish adolescents aged 14-19 was conducted. 708 (59.7 %) of the students were male and the mean age of students was 15.53+/-0.72. Hopelessness was measured by using Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), self-esteem was measured by using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), depression was measured by using Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), guilt and shame was measured by using Guilt and Shame Scale (GSS), submissive acts was measured by using Submissive Acts Scale (SAS), anger was measured by using The State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS). Student's t-test was used to find out the relationship between gender and depression, self-esteem, hopelessness, submissive acts, guilt, shame and anger in adolescents. Results: The findings indicate that the mean score of the SAS and BHS, anger control subscale of STAS of the boys were higher than that of the girls and the mean score of the CDI, guilt subscale of GSS, shame subscale of GSS, SES, trait anger subscale of STAS, anger-in subscale of STAS and anger-out subscale of STAS of the girls were higher than that of the boys. While there were statistically significant associations between gender and the SAS, BHS, CDI, guilt subscale of GSS, shame subscale of GSS, trait anger subscale of STAS, anger-out subscale of STAS and anger control subscale of STAS mean scores; no relationship was found between gender and the anger-in subscale of STAS and SES mean scores. Conclusion: The results of this study point out that there are gender differences in hopelessness, depression, guilt, shame, submissive acts and anger levels but not in self-esteem levels in Turkish adolescents. The findings suggest that psychological gender differences are seen not only in individualistic societies, but also in collectivistic societies.
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    Attitudes of Married Women Towards Induced Abortion in Manisa
    Özmen, D; Çetinkaya, AÇ; Ulas, SC; Bolsoy, N
    Introduction: This study was aimed at revealing attitudes of married women towards induced abortion. Methods: This study was descriptive and the study population included 64.382 married women aged 15-49 years in the city of Manisa. Three hundred and eighty-three women were selected from 11 family health care centers by proportional stratified sampling. The data were collected using Socio-demographic Information Form, Attitude Inventory of Induced Abortion and Knowledge of Induced Abortion Form. Results: The participants had the highest rates of agreement with the items induced abortion is a sin and induced abortion is a murder. Multivariate analyses showed that women at an older age, women with higher education, women having a nuclear family, women with fewer living children, women with a previous induced abortion, women using a modern family planning method, women defining themselves as nullifidians or who did not fulfil religious rituals, and women having higher scores for knowledge of induced abortion had a more positive attitude towards induced abortion. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the attitudes of women towards induced abortion were affected by religion, but that they had the enough flexibility to have a positive attitude when a medical or social necessity arose.
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    Awareness of breast cancer risk factors and practice of breast self examination among high school students in Turkey
    Karayurt, Ö; Özmen, D; Çetinkaya, AÇ
    Background: Young breast cancer patients have a lower rate of survival than old breast cancer patients due to being diagnosed at advanced stages. Breast self-examination makes women more breast aware, which in turn may lead to an earlier diagnosis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge and practice of breast self-examination and to determine knowledge of risk factors for breast cancer among high school students. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. It was conducted in a high school in Manisa, Turkey. The study sample included 718 female high school students. A socio-demographic characteristics data form, knowledge of breast self examination and risk factors for breast cancer form and breast self examination practice form were used to collect data. Results: The female high school students had insufficient knowledge about breast self-examination and a low percentage of students reported that they had performed breast self examination monthly. The most common reason for not doing breast self-examination was not knowing how to perform breast self-examination (98.5%). Most of the students had little knowledge of the risk factors for breast cancer. The most widely known risk factor by the students was personal history of breast cancer (68.7%). There was a significant relation between breast self-examination practice and age, school grade, knowledge about breast cancer and knowledge about breast self-examination. Conclusion: There is a need to increase knowledge of adolescent females about the risks of breast cancer and benefits of early detection. In fact, health care professionals can develop effective breast health care programs and help young women to acquire good health habits.