Browsing by Author "Önal T."

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    POMC expression of the urothelium of the urinary bladder of mice submitted to pelvic radiation
    (SAGE Publications Inc., 2016) Ozbilgin M.K.; Aktas C.; Temel M.; Önal T.; Uluer E.T.; Vatansever H.S.; Kurtman C.
    Objective: Patients who have had pelvic radiotherapy as part of their cancer therapy may develop subsequent urinary bladder injury. The acute changes that the urothelium undergo after radiation are known, but the healing mechanism of the urothelium of the urinary bladder after pelvic radiotherapy is not clearly understood. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptides, which have immunomodulatory effects, are produced locally in sites outside of the central nervous system. This study aims to determine the role of POMC expression in the urothelium during radiation injury. Methods: Twenty-four male Swiss Albino mice were divided into four groups. A single-fractioned 10 Gy of ionizing radiation was applied to the pelvic zone of all mice with Cobalt-60 radiotherapy. The first group 1, which consisted intact animal and not irradiated was the control group, and the second, third, and fourth groups were euthanized after 24 h (Group 2), 48 h (Group 3), and 7 days (Group 4) after irradiation. All bladders were prepared for histochemical analysis using hematoxylin eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical analysis using anti-POMC antibody. Results: No morphological differences were seen in all the group samples stained with H&E. POMC expression of the urothelium of bladder tissue samples shows different staining levels. Group 1 (96.7 ± 7.68), Group 2 (88.3 ± 8.04), and Group 3 (85.10 ± 10.9) were very weakly stained, but the POMC immunoreactivity of Group 4 (113.0 ± 12.8) was observed to be strong. Conclusion: Expression of POMC from urothelium seems to prevent bladder damage from radiation supplying differentiation and restoration of the urothelium. © 2016 The Author(s).
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    The role of angiogenic factors in first trimester pregnancy losses
    (S.O.G. CANADA Inc., 2017) Eskicioǧlu F.; Özbilgin K.; Taşkend S.; Önal T.; Gökmen T.
    Objective: A good blood supply towards the peri-implantation endometrium is an essential requirement for pregnancy. Intermedin (IMD), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), are angiogenic and vasoactive agents that play contributory roles in endometrial vascularity. The goal of this study was to immunohistochemically investigate the roles of various vasoactive factors in first trimester pregnancy losses. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case-controlled study carried out on decidual and placental tissue samples obtained from women with unwanted pregnancies who served as the control group (n=10), and those with missed abortions who were the "missed abortion group"(n = 10). Immunohistochemistry techniques were used to compare IMD, receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP)1, RAMP2, RAMP3, VEGF, and eNOS expression of decidual and placental cells. Immunostaining for these factors was evaluated semiquantitatively by H-score analysis. Results: IMD and RAMPs in decidual cells exhibited higher expression in the control group. However, IMD and RAMP2 had a stronger expression in placental cells in the missed abortion group. In the control group, VEGF and eNOS had a higher expression in decidual cells and on the placental side, especially in syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts. Conclusion: Expressions of vasoactive agents, such as IMD, VEGF, and eNOS, decrease in first trimester pregnancy losses. Additionally, a compensatory mechanism against decreased endometrial and subendometrial vascularity results in the death of the embryo/fetus enhances in missed abortion cases. This mechanism characterized by increased expressions of IMD and RAMP2 initially begins in the syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts.
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    Histological and electroencephalographic demonstration of probiotic effect for reduce of oxidative stress and apoptosis in experimental traumatic brain injury; [Deneysel travmatik beyin hasarında oluşan oksidatif stres ve apoptozun azalmasında probiotik etkisinin histolojik ve elektroensefalografik gösterilmesi]
    (2023) Karakayalı E.M.; Kocamaz E.; Alpay Ş.; Önal T.; Öztatlıcı M.; Duruşma R.; Özel H.F.; Mete M.; Barutcuoglu M.; Kutlu N.; Tuğlu M.İ.
    BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota modulates nervous system function. In the literature, it has been shown that this modula-tion is used in many nervous system injuries through oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis mechanisms. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of probiotic (PB) treatment in a rat traumatic brain injury (TBI) model with histological and electroencephalographic (EEG) data. METHODS: Forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 was the control group (CONTROL, n=10) and no trauma was applied. Group 2 was the trauma group with the weight-drop technique (TBH, n=10). Group 3 was the sham group (SHAM), (TBH+sterile saline [SS], n=10) rats were given 500 µL of SS per day by oral gavage. Group 4 was the PB treatment group, (TBH+PB, n=10) rats were treated daily for 7 days with 500 µL of PB oral gavage. Brain samples were collected 7 days after trauma. Histopathological evaluation of brain samples was done with HE. OS with Endothelial nitric oxide synthase, vascularization with Vas-cular Endothelial Growth Factor, gliosis with S100, and apoptosis with caspase 3 were evaluated immunohistochemically. Apoptotic index was determined with TUNEL. In addition, EEG and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) recording findings were compared. RESULTS: It was determined by HE staining that there was a significant (P<0.001) damage in the TBI and sham groups compared to the control group. It was found that PB treatment provided a significant (P<0.01) improvement in the damage created. While OS (P<0.01), gliosis (P<0.01), and apoptosis (P<0.05) decreased with PB treatment, angiogenesis (P<0.01) increased. In support of these findings, in the software-mediated EEG and SUP examination; Delta wave power and theta/alpha ratio increased with TBI and de-creased with PB treatment. CONCLUSION: The results showed that PB treatment provided a significant improvement in rats by reducing OS, apoptosis, and gliosis and increasing vascularity. To the best of our knowledge in the literature, it was shown for the 1st time that histological results for the treatment of PB were supported by software-mediated EEG and SEP analysis.