Browsing by Author "Özgürbüz, U"

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    Protective Effects of Citrus Flavonoid Hesperidin in Enterocytes After Induction with TNF-α and IFN-γ Which Mimic the COVID-19 Disease
    Özgürbüz, U; Vatansever, S; Becer, E; Ensarioglu, HK; Celik, DA
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a virus and exhibits various symptoms such as cough, fever, and chills. Flavonoids have a potential inhibitory effect on coronaviruses. In this study, we determined the effects of hesperidin on enterocyte cells (IEC) after tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma induction which mimics the severe acute respiratory therapy-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The IEC-6 were treated with 50 ng/mL of TNF-alpha and 100 ng/mL of IFN-y for 48 h to mimic inflammatory shock similar to COVID-19 disease. IEC-6 cells were cultured as control, COVID-19 disease mimic, hesperidin prophylactic, or treated groups. The cytotoxicity effect of hesperidin was analyzed using an MTT assay. Serum levels of TNF-alpha and interleukin (IL)8 were evaluated using ELISA. The distributions of TNF-alpha, IFN-y, IL-1ss, Insulin-like growth factor-I, and caspase-3 were analyzed by indirect immunoperoxidase staining. RESULTS: Both TNF-alpha and IL8 levels were higher in TNF-alpha and IFN-y induction of enterocyte culture medium than in the control. Lesser immunoreactivity of TNF-alpha was detected in the treatment group which hesperidin applicate after TNF-alpha and IFN-y combination. While IL-1 immunoreactivity was similar in both the hesperidin prophylactic and treatment groups, lesser immunoreactivity of TNF-alpha was observed in the hesperidin treatment group. Both IFN-y and vascular endothelial growth factor A immunoreactivities were also decreased in the hesperidin treatment group. CONCLUSION: We found that hesperidin had anti-inflammatory and cell protection effects in IEC after TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma induction which mimics the model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, hesperidin could be used to reduce gastrointestinal system symptoms in COVID-19 disease.
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    The effects of tramadol on cancer stem cells and metabolic changes in colon carcinoma cells lines
    Özgürbüz, U; Gencür, S; Kurt, FÖ; Özkalkanli, M; Vatansever, HS
    Opioids are widely used in the treatment of cancer related pain. They mainly exert their effects on opioid receptors. The most common opioid in the treatment of pain is morphine. Previous studies show that they may have effects on cancer cell behavior. These may include apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, inflammation and immune reactions. Tramadol, also an opioid is widely used in the treatment of cancer pain and is not well studied in cancer behavior. We aimed to investigate the effects of tramadol on cancer stem cells and metabolic changes in colon carcinoma cells. We used Co1o320 (ATCC, CCL-220), Colo741 (ECACC, 93052621) and HCT116 (ATCC, CCL-247) colon cancer cell lines. CD133 was considered colon cancer stem cell marker and used to sort CD133+ and CD133- cells by magnetic cell sorting. Dm (mitochondria-targeted therapeutics) technique was used to detect tramadol's cytotoxic effect on cells in the study groups. Cells were treated with 1 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg tramadol for 24 h at 37 degrees C and 5% CO2.Caspase-3, Ki-67, Bcl-2 and VGEF distributions were performed using indirect immunoperoxidase staining for immunohistochemical analysis. The study showed that tramadol has triggering effect on apoptosis in Colo320 colon cancer stem cells.