Browsing by Author "Özmen D."
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Item Effects of defibrotide on aorta and brain malondialdehyde and antioxidants in cholesterol-induced atherosclerotic rabbits(2000) Aydemir E.O.; Duman C.; Çelik H.A.; Turgan N.; Uysal A.; Mutaf I.; Habif S.; Özmen D.; Nişli N.; Bayındır O.The effects of a high-cholesterol diet in the presence and absence of defibrotide, a single-stranded polydeoxyribonucleotide compound, on the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde, endogenous antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and the antioxidant thiol compound GSH were investigated. Forty male New Zeland white rabbits were divided into four groups each consisting of 10 rabbits. Group I received a regular rabbit chow diet and group II 1% cholesterol plus regular chow, group III was given defibrotide (60 mg/kg per day p.o. in water) and was fed with regular chow, and group IV received defibrotide plus 1% cholesterol for 9 weeks. Blood cholesterol and malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and GSH were determined before starting the experimental diet regimen (basal). After 9 weeks, the same parameters were determined in blood, aorta, and brain tissues (end -experiment). Aortic tissue was examined under a light microscope for morphological alterations indicative of atherosclerosis. The increase in serum total cholesterol was greater in group II than group IV. Plasma malondialdehyde in group II was higher than in group III. Brain malondialdehyde in group II was higher than all other groups, and aortic malondialdehyde in this group was higher than group I and III. Serum catalase activity decreased in group II and increased in group III, compared with basal values. Brain catalase activity in group I was higher than group II, and aorta catalase in group IV was higher than in group I and III. Blood glutathione peroxidase activity in group III and IV was higher than basal. GSH concentrations decreased significantly in the cholesterol-fed groups (group II and IV). Histological alterations in the cholesterol-fed groups were more pronounced in group II. The increased levels of malondialdehyde in plasma, aorta, and brain tissue of group II suggest a role of oxygen free radicals in the pathogenesis of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis. The higher malondialdehyde values in the brain tissues of animals in group II compared with group IV suggest a protective role of defibrotide in the brain against lipid peroxidation in the oxidant stress of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis. Increased catalase activities in the blood and aortic tissues and increased glutathione peroxidase activities in the blood of rabbits receiving defibrotide suggest an induction of these antioxidant enzyme activities by defibrotide. These results imply that anti-atherosclerotic, anti-ischemic effects of this drug may be due to the beneficial effects on the oxidant-antioxidant balance of various tissues.Item Age and gender dependent alterations in the activities of glutathione related enzymes in healthy subjects(2001) Habif S.; Mutaf I.; Turgan N.; Onur E.; Duman C.; Özmen D.; Bayindir O.Objectives: Oxidative stress as a result of increased free radical production is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Specific antioxidant enzymes have a crucial role in the prevention of these deleterious effects. Since the activities of these enzymes differ significantly in different populations and seem to be affected by various environmental factors, in this study we aimed to determine the reference values of glutathione related antioxidant enzyme activities in the erythrocytes of healthy subjects and to investigate the possible variations as a function of age and gender in a healthy Turkish Mediterranean population. Design and methods: 130 healthy subjects (12-90 yr, 82 females, 48 males) were divided into six different age groups. Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activities were measured on a Hitachi 704 autoanalyser by the modification of previously described manual UV spectrophotometric methods. Results: No significant differences were observed in erythrocyte GSH-PX, GR and GST activities between different age groups. Overall, GST activities were significantly higher in females compared with males (8.08 ± 1.39, 6.88 ± 1.51 U/g Hb respectively, mean ± SD, p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation between GSH-PX and GR activities was observed (r = 0.49, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that the activities of GSH-PX, GR and GST did not depend. GST activities overall were higher in females. The reference values that we obtained were different than the previous reports. This situation implies that each population should determine its own reference values and should investigate the influence of environmental factors and life style habits on the activities of these enzymes that constitute a major part of the antioxidant defense system in the human organism. © 2002 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. All rights reserved.Item Lens superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in diabetic cataract(2002) Özmen B.; Özmen D.; Erkin E.; Güner I.; Habif S.; Baymdir O.Objective: Biochemical evidence suggests that the oxidative damage of the lens proteins is involved in the genesis of senile cataract and the development of diabetes-related pathologic changes such as the formation of cataracts. In particular, lens proteins are subject to extensive oxidative modification. Oxidative damage either decreases the antioxidant capacity or decreased antioxidant capacity results in oxidative damage. The purpose of this study was to analyze the activities of the antioxidant enzymes such as Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) and catalase in the cataractous lenses of the type 2 diabetic group and cataractous lenses of the senile group . Method: Eighteen diabetic cataractous lenses and twenty six senile cataractous lenses were studied. Cu,Zn-SOD activity was measured in lenses by enzymatic method and catalase activity was measured by colorimetric method. Results: Cu,Zn-SOD levels were significantly lower in the diabetic cataractous lenses than senile cataractous lenses (respectively 8.052 ± 0.818, 18.216 ± 4.217 μg/g prot. p < 0.05). Similary, catalase levels were significantly lower in the diabetic cataractous lenses than senile cataractous lenses (respectively 0.326 ± 0.134, 0.665 ± 0.322 kU/g prot. p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that the antioxidant capacity in the diabetic cataractous lenses were decreased and this result suggests a role of antioxidant enzymes in the genesis of diabetic cataracts. © 2002 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. All rights reserved.Item Pulmonary function parameters in patients with diabetes mellitus(2002) Özmen B.; Çelik P.; Yorgancioǧlu A.; Özmen D.; Çok G.[No abstract available]Item Serum and urinary nitric oxide in Type 2 diabetes with or without microalbuminuria: Relation to glomerular hyperfiltration(Elsevier Inc., 2003) Apakkan Aksun S.; Özmen B.; Özmen D.; Parildar Z.; Şenol B.; Habif S.; Mutaf I.; Turgan N.; Bayindir O.Background: Glomerular hyperfiltration is considered as one of the pathophysiological mechanisms for the development of diabetic nephropathy. Oxidative stress is enhanced in patients with diabetes mellitus. Reportedly, nitric oxide (NO) might be involved in the pathogenesis of hyperfiltration. We investigated the relationship between hyperfiltration and NO system, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in Type 2 diabetics with/without microalbuminuria. Methods: In 39 microalbuminuric, 29 normoalbuminuric Type 2 diabetic patients and 32 healthy controls, serum creatinine, nitrite, nitrate, urinary microalbumin, nitrite, nitrate, plasma MDA and estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) values, calculated according to the Cockcroft and Gault formula, were recorded. Results: Serum and urine NO levels were higher in both microalbuminurics and normoalbuminurics than controls. There were no significant differences in EGFR between groups. However, hyperfiltration was determined in 31% of normoalbuminurics and 20% of microalbuminurics. Serum and urine NO levels were higher in patients with hyperfiltration. Plasma MDA levels were significantly elevated in both microalbuminurics and normoalbuminurics when compared with controls. Serum glucose and microalbuminuria were positively correlated in microalbuminuric diabetics. Serum NO levels were also positively correlated with EGFR in both normoalbuminurics and microalbuminurics. HbA1c levels were positively correlated with both urinary albumin excretion and plasma MDA levels in normoalbuminuric diabetics. Conclusion: Hyperglycemia is associated with an increased NO biosynthesis and lipid peroxidation. Increased oxidative stress may contribute to the high NO levels in Type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the high NO levels may lead to hyperfiltration and hyperperfusion, which in turn leads to an increase in urinary albumin excretion and thus causes progression of nephropathy in early Type 2 diabetes. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item β2-microglobulin and cystatin C in type 2 diabetes: Assessment of diabetic nephropathy(2004) Apakkan Aksun S.; Özmen D.; Özmen B.; Parildar Z.; Mutaf I.; Turgan N.; Habif S.; Kumanlioǧluc K.; Bayindir O.Background: Changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) provide a valuable indicator of the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study was designed to demonstrate the clinical values of serum cystatin C (Cys C) and β2-microglobulin in the assessment of renal function in type 2 diabetics by comparing them with the GFR, estimated from the uptake phase of 99 m technetium dimetiltriamino pentaacetic acid renogram (GFR-DTPA) and creatinine clearances. Materials and Methods: 68 type 2 diabetic patients with (urinary albumin excretions (UAE) 30-300 mg/24 h) (n = 39) and without (UAE < 30 mg/ 24 h) (n = 29) microalbuminuria and 32 controls were enrolled in the study. Serum Cys C, β2-microglobulin, creatinine, urinary microalbumin levels, creatinine clearances and GFR-DTPA values were determined in all groups. Non-parametric ROC curves, using a cut-off GFR-DTPA of 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2, were obtained for these markers. Results: Serum Cys C, β2-microglobulin, glucose and HbA1c concentrations were significantly higher in the group with diabetes compared to controls. In the patients with microalbuminuria, serum Cys C and glucose concentrations increased significantly in comparison to patients with normoalbuminuria, while no differences were observed for β2-microglobulin levels. Serum creatinine concentrations, GFR-DTPA values and creatinine clearances were not different between both diabetic groups and controls. Cys C was positively correlated with β2-microglobulin and creatinine and negatively with GFR values; β2-microglobulin was also positively correlated with serum creatinine in microalbuminurics. A significant inverse correlation was found between β2-microglobulin and GFR values in both microalbuminurics and normoalbuminurics. Conclusions: Increased Cys C and β2-microglobulin in diabetics may be early indicators of incipient DN. The diagnostic accuracies of Cys C and β2-microglobulin are superior to that of serum creatinine in distinguishing between mild and moderately reduced GFR.Item The prevalence of low back pain and Its relationship with household jobs and other factors in a group of women in a rural area in Manisa; [Manisa'da kirsal bir bölgede kadinlarda bel aǧrisi sikliǧi; ev işleri ve diǧer faktörlerle ilişkisi](2006) Dündar P.E.; Özyurt B.C.; Özmen D.The aims of this cross-sectional study were to determine the prevalence of low back pain and to evaluate the effects of household jobs on low back pain in women living in a rural setting in Manisa. Study population is consisted of 302 women and cluster sampling is performed according to percentage of health center district populations. Participation ratio of this study was 89.1%. Univariete and multivariete risk approach in 95% confidence interval and t test were performed in data analysis. Brief Disability Questionnaire was applied to the study group. Life time and point prevalence of low back pain were determined 79.2% and 34.9% of the study group. Low back pain risk in 95% CI was higher in wrong posture during ironing, heavy load lifting, overweight/obesity and disability 2.2 (1.14.5), 4.5 (2.1-9.2), 3.8 (1.7-8.3) and 9.2 (4.3-19.7) times respectively. For preventive health measures it is necessary to apply ergonomie working conditions and to give appropriate postural habits to women.Item Serum N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism(2006) Özmen B.; Özmen D.; Parildar Z.; Mutaf I.; Bayindir O.Natriuretic peptides represent a novel diagnostic tool in the assessment of heart failure. N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a member of the natriuretic peptid family, is produced and released from cardiac ventricles. Changes in cardiac functions are observed in thyroid dysfunctions. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in serum NT-proBNP levels and to evaluate impact of thyroid hormones on serum NT-proBNP in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Serum NT-proBNP levels were measured in 21 patients with hyperthyroidism and in 24 patients with hypothyroidism and compared with 20 healthy control subjects. Patients without cardiac disease were included into the study as well. Serum NT-proBNP levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Serum NT-proBNP levels were higher in hyperthyroid patients than in hypothyroid patients and in control subjects, with mean values of 239.03 ± 47.33, 45.97 ± 13.48, 55.57 ± 13.01 pg/ml, respectively (p < 0.0001). Serum NT-proBNP and thyroid hormones were correlated in all patients. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between serum NT-proBNP and serum free T4 (FT4) levels (r = 0,549, p = 0.012) in hyperthyroidic patients. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that increasing FT4 was independently associated with a high serum NT-proBNP levels, whereas heart rate was not in hyperthyroid patients. Serum NT-proBNP levels are higher in the hyperthyroid state as compared with the hypothyroid and euthyroid state. Thyroid dysfunction affects serum NT-proBNP levels, possibly influencing the secretion of the peptide. Therefore, thyroid function has to be considered when evaluating high serum NT-proBNP levels in patients without cardiac dysfunction. Copyright © Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.Item The knowledge and attitudes of breast self-examination and mammography in a group of women in a rural area in western Turkey(2006) Dündar P.E.; Özmen D.; Öztürk B.; Haspolat G.; Akyildiz F.; Çoban S.; Çakiroǧlu G.Background: Breast cancer appears to be a disease of both the developing and developed worlds. Among Turkish women, breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to determine levels of knowledge about breast cancer and to evaluate health beliefs concerning the model that promotes breast self- examination (BSE) and mammography in a group of women aged 20-64 in a rural area of western Turkey. Methods: 244 women were recruited by means of cluster sampling in this study. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic variables, a risk factors and signs of breast cancer form and the adapted version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). Bivariate correlation analysis, Chi square test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis were performed throughout the data analysis. Results: The mean age of the women was 37.7 ± 13.7. 49.2% of women were primary school graduates, 67.6% were married. Although 76.6% of the women in this study reported that they had heard or read about breast cancer, our study revealed that only 56.1 % of them had sufficient knowledge of breast cancer, half of whom had acquired the information from health professionals. Level of breast cancer knowledge was the only variable significantly associated with the BSE and mammography practice (p = 0.0 11, p = 0.007). BSE performers among the study group were more likely to be women who exhibited higher confidence and perceived greater benefits from BSE practice, and those who perceived fewer barriers to BSE performance and possessed knowledge of breast cancer. Conclusion: By using the CHBMS constructs for assessment, primary health care providers can more easily understand the beliefs that influence women's BSE and mammography practice. © 2006 Dündar et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.Item Impact of renal function or folate status on altered plasma homocysteine levels in hypothyroidism(2006) Özmen B.; Özmen D.; Parildar Z.; Mutaf I.; Turgan N.; Bayindir O.Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for coronary, peripheral and cerebrovascular diseases. Moderately elevated total homocysteine (tHcy) levels have been reported in patients with overt hypothyroidism. Plasma tHcy concentration is affected by several physiological factors and is elevated under conditions of impaired folate and cobalamin status and in renal failure. The aim of this study was to assess plasma tHcy concentrations and to evaluate the role of potential determinants of plasma tHcy levels in hypothyroid patients. Fasting plasma tHcy, serum homocysteine-related vitamins folate and vitamin B12, serum cystatin C (CysC) and creatinine, were determined in 22 hypothyroid patients and compared with 25 healthy control subjects. Creatinine clearance (CCr) was calculated using the Cockroft-Gault formula. Plasma tHcy levels were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection and serum CysC by automated particle enhanced immunoturbidimetry. Plasma tHcy, creatinine levels were significantly higher, and serum CysC levels, and creatinine clearance values were lower in hypothyroid patients than in control subjects. Folate levels were lower in hypothyroidic group compared to the control group. There were no differences in vitamin B12 levels between hypothyroid and control groups. Positive correlation was noted between tHcy and creatinine levels in hypothyroid patients (r = 0.596); however, an inverse correlation was found between tHcy and folate levels (r = -0.705) in hypothyroid patients. In conclusion, tHcy was increased in hypothyroidism, and this increase was more strongly associated with changes in serum folate than in serum creatinine and CysC, suggesting an altered folate status.Item Diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism: Review; [Primer hiperaldosteronizmin tani ve tedavisi](Turkiye Klinikleri, 2007) Özmen B.; Özmen D.Primary hyperaldosteronism is the syndrome of excessive aldosterone secretion and concomitant suppression of the angiotensin-renin system. Its main pathophysiological features are hypertension, altered potassium homeostasis and accelerated target organ damage. Prospective studies on its prevalence around the world reveal that primary hyperaldosteronism occurs in 5-15% of patients with essential hypertension. The major causes of primary hyperaldosteronism are aldosterone-producing adenoma and bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia. Patients with hypertension and hypokalemia and most patients with treatment-resistant hypertension should be screened for primary aldosteronism with the calculation of plasma concentration to plasma renin activity ratio. The diagnosis is generally 3-tiered, involving an initial screening, confirmation of diagnosis, and determination of the specific subtype of primary hyperaldosteronism. Primary hyperaldosteronism is often refractory to conventional medical treatment. Unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy is an excellent treatment option for patients with unilateral aldosterone-producing- adenoma. But bilateral idiopathic hyperaldosteronism should be treated medically. Sprinolactone has been the drug of choice to treat primary hyperaldosteronism for more than three decades. The treatment goal is to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension, hypokalemia and cardiovascular damage. Copyright © 2007 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Item Reliability and validity of the colorectal cancer screening belief scale in Turkey(2007) Ozsoy S.A.; Ardahan M.; Özmen D.Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in Turkey. The emphasis of the healthcare services in Turkey is on curative rather than preventive and rehabilitative approaches. Although the Ministry of Health provides many healthcare services for prevention and early detection, their availability and accessibility are very low. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the Turkish language version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scales in measuring Turkish women's and men's beliefs about colorectal cancer. This study was carried out in Izmir, the third most populous city in Turkey. The Champion's Health Belief Model Scales was translated using a back-translation technique. A convenience sample of 470 individuals was recruited from January 2004 through March 2004. Descriptive statistics were computed for the demographic characteristics. Reliability was assessed by interpreting the item-total subscale score correlation, test-retest reliability, and Cronbach α coefficients. For testing the relationship between item performance and scale performance, corrected item-total correlations ranged from 0.41 to 0.79 for all 5 subscales. Cronbach α coefficients for the 5 subscales ranged between .54 and .88, and test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from 0.72 to 0.91. The study showed that the Turkish version of the Champion's Health Belief Model Scales has good structural characteristics and is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used for measuring beliefs related to colorectal cancer. © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.Item Knowledge and views of students of the Celal Bayar University Manisa School of Health towards organ donation; [Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Manisa Saǧlik Yüksekokulu öǧrencilerinin organ baǧişina i̇lişkin bilgi ve görüşleri](Turkiye Klinikleri, 2008) Özmen D.; Çetinkaya A.Ç.; Sarizeybek B.; Zeybek A.Objective: The study was carried out to investigate the knowledge and opinions on organ donation of students in the Celal Bayar University School of Health (Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Official). Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of all students enrolled in the school (n= 394) and 75.1% of the students (n= 296) were present at the school on the day of filling out the questionnaire which included 25 items. Data were collected between January and February 2006 by face-to-face interview. SPSS 10.0 for Windows was used for the analysis of the data. Results: The mean age of the students was 20.87 ± 1.7 and 72.3% were females. Overall, 66.9% stated that they were not informed on organ donation and 36.1% were willing to donate their organs. The major reasons for organ donation were "to serve humanity" (82.2%) and "conscience satisfaction" (41.2%). In addition, 51.7% of the students indicated that religion allowed organ donation. Statistical analysis was carried out by chi-square analysis. Female students and the students with relatives and close friends who had donated their organs were more willing to donate their organs compared to other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that training of health care professionals on organ donation was essential. Copyright © 2008 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Item The effect of locus of control on attitudes towards depression and schizophrenia; [Denetim odaǧinin depresyon ve şizofreniye yönelik tutumlara etkisi](2008) Özmen E.; Özmen D.; Deveci A.; Taşkin E.O.Objective: There is no consensus about the effects of personality traits on attitudes toward mental illness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of locus of control on attitudes toward depression and schizophrenia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 196 university students was conducted. Attitudes toward depression and schizophrenia were assessed by a questionnaire designed by the authors and locus of control was measured by using Internal-External Locus of Control Scale developed by Rotter. Results: The items of the attitudes questionnaire were analyzed one by one to find out the effect of locus of control to attitudes toward mental disorders. There is a statistically significant difference between the participants who answered the item as 'I agree' and 'I don't agree' in one out of 15 items of depression part and two out of 15 items of schizophrenia part of the questionnaire. Discussion: Although many studies have shown that an individual's belief about locus of control has an important influence on his/her attitudes and behaviors, in this study it was seen that locus of control had no or minimal effect on attitudes toward depression and schizophrenia. But there is a need to implement new studies to illuminate the subject.Item Awareness of breast cancer risk factors and practice of breast self examination among high school students in Turkey(2008) Karayurt Ö.; Özmen D.; Çetinkaya A.Ç.Background. Young breast cancer patients have a lower rate of survival than old breast cancer patients due to being diagnosed at advanced stages. Breast self-examination makes women more "breast aware", which in turn may lead to an earlier diagnosis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge and practice of breast self-examination and to determine knowledge of risk factors for breast cancer among high school students. Methods. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. It was conducted in a high school in Manisa, Turkey. The study sample included 718 female high school students. A socio-demographic characteristics data form, knowledge of breast self examination and risk factors for breast cancer form and breast self examination practice form were used to collect data. Results. The female high school students had insufficient knowledge about breast self-examination and a low percentage of students reported that they had performed breast self examination monthly. The most common reason for not doing breast self- examination was "not knowing how to perform breast self-examination" (98.5%). Most of the students had little knowledge of the risk factors for breast cancer. The most widely known risk factor by the students was personal history of breast cancer (68.7%). There was a significant relation between breast self-examination practice and age, school grade, knowledge about breast cancer and knowledge about breast self- examination. Conclusion. There is a need to increase knowledge of adolescent females about the risks of breast cancer and benefits of early detection. In fact, health care professionals can develop effective breast health care programs and help young women to acquire good health habits. © 2008 Karayurt et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.Item Hopelessness and factors affecting hopelessness in high school students; [Lise öǧrencilerinde umutsuzluk ve umutsuzluk düzeyini etkileyen etkenler](2008) Özmen D.; Erbay Dündar P.; Çetinkaya A.C.; Taşkin O.; Özmen E.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of hopelessness and to examine the effects of socio-demographic features, depression, self-esteem on hopelessness in a high school population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1185 ninth-grade Turkish adolescents aged between 14 and 19. Hopelessness, sef esteem and depression levels were measured with Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Children's Depression Inventory respectively. Student's t-test and analysis of variance were used to examine relationships among the variables. Results: Being male, lower income, lower education levels in parents, perception of family status as low, depression, lower self esteem, perception of quality of life as low were positively correlated with the mean score of Beck Hopelessness Scale. On the other hand only 16.6% of the students responded as 'yes' to item 'my future seems dark to me' and 12.8% of the students responded as 'no' to item 'I look forward to the future with hope and enthusiasm.' Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that school-based adolescents in urban part of Turkey have hope for the future. But the prevalence of hopelessness was not rare in school-based adolescents and it was more common in the children of families with low socio-economical level. Hopelessness may be one of the important indicators of low subjective well-being that should be recognized by the health care personnel.Item The relationship between gender and depression, self-esteem, hopelessness, submissive acts, guilt, shame and anger in adolescents(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2009) Özmen E.; Özmen D.; Çetinkaya A.Ç.; Oryal Taskin E.; Dündar P.E.Literature Review and Objective: Although there were a number of research findings on gender differences in mental health problems, it is not known that it is a universal phenomenon or not. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between gender and depression, self-esteem, hopelessness, submissive acts, guilt, shame and anger in Turkish adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 1185 ninth-grade Turkish adolescents aged 14-19 was conducted. 708 (59.7 %) of the students were male and the mean age of students was 15.53±0.72. Hopelessness was measured by using Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), self-esteem was measured by using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), depression was measured by using Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), guilt and shame was measured by using Guilt and Shame Scale (GSS), submissive acts was measured by using Submissive Acts Scale (SAS), anger was measured by using The State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS). Student’s t-test was used to find out the relationship between gender and depression, self-esteem, hopelessness, submissive acts, guilt, shame and anger in adolescents. Results: The findings indicate that the mean score of the SAS and BHS, anger control subscale of STAS of the boys were higher than that of the girls and the mean score of the CDI, guilt subscale of GSS, shame subscale of GSS, SES, trait anger subscale of STAS, anger-in subscale of STAS and anger-out subscale of STAS of the girls were higher than that of the boys. While there were statistically significant associations between gender and the SAS, BHS, CDI, guilt subscale of GSS, shame subscale of GSS, trait anger subscale of STAS, anger-out subscale of STAS and anger control subscale of STAS mean scores; no relationship was found between gender and the anger-in subscale of STAS and SES mean scores. Conclusion: The results of this study point out that there are gender differences in hopelessness, depression, guilt, shame, submissive acts and anger levels but not in selfesteem levels in Turkish adolescents. The findings suggest that psychological gender differences are seen not only in individualistic societies, but also in collectivistic societies. © 2009 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Item Serum N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and homocysteine levels in type 2 diabetic patients with asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction(2010) Görmüş U.; Özmen D.; Özmen B.; Parildar Z.; Özdoǧan O.; Mutaf I.; Bayindir O.Aims: : The aim of this study was to determine serum NT-proBNP and plasma Hcy levels and to explore the relationship between serum NT-proBNP and plasma Hcy levels in type 2 diabetic patients with and without asymptomatic LVDD. Methods: : NT-proBNP and Hcy levels were measured 31 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. According to echocardiographic data, diabetic patients were divided into two groups: normal LV function or LV diastolic dysfunction. Results: : Serum NT-proBNP levels in diabetic patients with LVDD were significantly higher than in diabetic patients with normal LV function and controls. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve for NT-proBNP to separate normal vs. diastolic dysfunction was 0.96 in type 2 diabetic patients. Plasma Hcy levels were significantly higher in both diabetic groups than in controls. Positive correlation was noted between NT-proBNP and Hcy levels in diabetic patients with LVDD (r = 0.881, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: : The correlation between elevated NT-proBNP and Hcy levels in diabetic patients with LVDD suggest an association between homocysteinemia and increased NT-proBNP secretion. Our data indicate that NT-proBNP may be a simple screening tool to select diabetic patients with LVDD requiring further examination with echocardiography. © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Validity and reliability of the diabetes obstacles questionnaire in type-2 diabetic patients; [Tip-2 diyabet hastalarında diyabette engeller ölçeğinin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması](Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, 2016) Kahraman G.; Güngör Tavşanli N.; Baydur H.; Özmen D.; Özmen E.Objective: The Diabetes Obstacles Questionnaire (DOQ) helps to determine the problems encountered with their illness by type-2 diabetic patients in daily life and the purpose of this study was to adapt this questionnaire to Turkish and to perform validity and reliability analysis.Methods: This was a methodological study planned to adapt DOQ to the Turkish language and to carry out validity and reliability analysis. After obtaining the necessary permission and making the translation, the questionnaire was applied to 400 type 2 diabetes patients, who had been diagnosed at least one year previously, in the endocrinology polyclinic of Manisa Government Hospital and the endocrinology polyclinic of Hafsa Sultan Hospital in Celal Bayar University. The WHOQOL-8 quality of life questionnaire was applied along with the DOQ in order to examine the extent of correspondence with a scale which measures similar concepts. In order to assess the reliability of the scale, the coefficient of internal consistence (Cronbach’s alpha value) was examined and in order to evaluate the relation of each item to dimension, the item-total correlations and the internal consistence coefficients when items were deleted were evaluated. Also, the items of the questionnaire were applied again to 30 people after a gap of at most two weeks and testretest analysis as performed. When this was done, intraclass correlation coefficients were examined. Results: The DOQ consists of eight scales and a total of 78 questions. Ten of these questions were excluded in our study as they were not applicable to Turkish society. Conclusion: The study was similar to the original study from the aspect of factors produced in the dimensions. © 2016, Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine. All rights reserved.Item Trait anger and anger expression styles in adolescents; [Ergenlerde sürekli öfke ve öfke ifade tarzları](Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, 2016) Özmen D.; Özmen E.; Çetİnkaya A.; Akİl İ.Ö.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the trait anger levels and anger expression styles of students in the second stage of primary education and the factors affecting them. Methods: The study was carried out on students in the second stage of primary education (classes 6, 7 and 8th) at three schools in the center of the city of Manisa in an area with inhabitants at various socioeconomic levels. A sociodemographic form, the State-Trait Anxie-ty Scale for Children, and the State Trait Anger Scale were applied to the students. Variables affecting students’ trait anger and anger expression styles were examined using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: It was observed that levels of trait anger in the adolescents remained at the level of ‘a little’, that they did not express out their anger and that they tended to control their anger moderately, and that the levels of suppressed anger were not high. The factors which most affected levels of trait anger and anger expression styles in the adolescents were anxiety, gender and family type. A positive correlation was found between anxiety and trait anger, suppressed anger and expressed anger, while a negative correlation was found between anxiety and anger which was kept under control. Male students had a higher level of trait anger and expressed their anger more often, while female students controlled their anger more. The levels of trait anger, expressed anger and suppressed anger were higher in adoles-cents living in split-up families, and their anger was less controlled. Discussion: The results of this study suggest that adolescents in Turkey are not prone to experiencing anger and they tend to control their anger; when they get angry; they do not suppress it or bear grudges, they are not prone to argue with others; and when they get angry they do not express it in words or behavior. Because of the reduction of anxiety levels increase the ability to control the anger level, reduction of anxiety should definitely be placed in anger control training programs and therapeutic attempts in adolescents. © 2016, Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine. All rights reserved.