Browsing by Author "Ünlü M."

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    Incidental extrabiliary system lesions detected by an open magnetic resonance imaging system during magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography examinations
    (Turkiye Klinikleri, 2006) Örgüc Ş.; Pekindil G.; Yilmaz Ovali G.; Serter S.; Ünlü M.
    Objective: The purpose of this article is to determine the spectrum and the incidence of incidental extrabiliary lesions detected during magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography (MRCP) performed with an open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. Material and Methods: Incidental lesions were retrospectively evaluated in 242 patients who were referred to our department for MRCP examination with suspected pathologies of gallbladder and bile ducts. Results: A total of 124 incidental lesions in 89 patients were detected. The incidence of incidental extrabiliary system lesions was 36.8% (89/242). Seventeen hepatic cysts, 5 hepatic hemangiomas, 3 hepatic metastasis, 4 chirrotic livers, 1 subcapsular hematoma of the liver, 3 hepatomegalies, 3 splenomegalies, 8 vertebral hemangiomas, 3 vertebral metastases, 1 discitis, 1 pseudomeningocele, 27 renal cysts, 2 renal atrophies, 2 hydronephrosis, 1 horseshoe kidney, 13 intraabdominal free fluid, 2 pleural effusions, 9 acute and 1 chronic pancreatitis, 2 pancreatic pseudocysts, 1 carcinoma of pancreatic corpus, 2 surrenal adenomas, 6 intraabdominal lymphaderomegalies (LAMs) 2 gastric carcinomas, 4 hydatic cysts (3 hepatic, 1 at the lung base) were determined. Conclusion: Many incidental pathologies of the adjacent organs are detected during MRCP examinations of the gallbladder and bile ducts. Lesion detection and characterization is improved when MIP images are evaluated together with TSE axial slices and source images. Since clinically significant extrabiliary lesion detection may improve the management of several cases, the radiologist must also focus on the incidental findings during the interpretation of MRCP examinations. Copyright © 2006 by Türkiye Klinikleri.
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    Prevalence of testicular microlithiasis in an asymptomatic population
    (2006) Serter S.; Gümüş B.; Ünlü M.; Tunçyürek Ö.; Tarhan S.; Ayyildiz V.; Pabuscu Y.
    Objective. Testicular microlithiasis is a rare, usually asymptomatic, finding of the testes associated with various genetic anomalies and infertility. It is also widely believed that testicular microlithiasis is strongly associated with testicular tumor. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the true prevalence of testicular microlithiasis in an asymptomatic population by means of ultrasound screening. Material and methods. Healthy male volunteers (17-42 years old) were recruited from the annual Army Reserve Officer Training Corps training camp at Manisa, Turkey. A screening genitourinary history was obtained and a physical examination and screening scrotal ultrasound scan were performed. All men diagnosed with testicular microlithiasis underwent complete clinical evaluations, physical examinations and determination of tumor markers. Results. Fifty-three men with testicular microlithiasis were identified from the 2179 ultrasound scans, giving a prevalence of testicular microlithiasis of 2.4% in this asymptomatic population. The age (mean±SD) of subjects with testicular microlithiasis was 23.9±4.2 years (range 20-31 years). Conclusion. Our results suggest that there is no significant association between TM and testicular cancer, although it is difficult to rule out such an association without further studies with a longer follow-up period. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.
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    Henoch–Schonlein purpura, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic carditis after Group A β-haemolytic streptococcal infection
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2018) Arslansoyu Çamlar S.; Soylu A.; Akil İ.; Ünlü M.; Coşkun Ş.; Ertan P.; Kavukçu S.
    Besides association with acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and acute glomerulonephritis (APSGN), in up to 40% of cases, Group A β-haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infections are also implicated as a trigger for Henoch–Schonlein purpura (HSP). A 7-year-old girl with GABHS throat infection who developed HSP, APSGN and rheumatic carditis is reported. She presented with palpable purpura and arthritis in both ankles and later developed carditis characterised by mitral/aortic regurgitation and glomerulonephritis characterised by mixed nephritic/nephrotic syndrome. She had a raised anti-streptolysin titre (ASOT), blood urea nitrogen and creatinine and hypocomplementaemia (C3), and renal biopsy demonstrated endocapillary and extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescents. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated a ‘full house’ of immunoglobulin and complement, viz. IgA + 2, IgG + 3, IgM + 2, C3c + 1, Clq + 2 with predominantly IgG deposition. One week earlier, her 4-year-old sister had presented to another hospital with HSP complicated by microscopic haematuria, nephrotic-range proteinuria and gastro-intestinal involvement, and with raised ASOT and low C3 levels. Although HSP has been associated with either ARF or APSGN, this is the first case of a child with HSP, ARF and APSGN in combination. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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    Growth of Trichomonas vaginalis in Basic Media Available in Routine Microbiology Laboratories; [Rutin Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarlarında Bulunan Temel Besiyerlerinde Trichomonas vaginalis’in Üretilmesi]
    (Galenos Publishing House, 2022) Özel Y.; Yılmaz U.; Ünlü G.; Özbilgin A.; Ünlü M.
    Objective: Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite with unicellular, flagellate, and anaerobic metabolism. It is the second most prevalent pathogen among sexually transmitted agents after viruses. Microscopic examination, culture, and molecular methods are used in the laboratory diagnosis of T. vaginalis. However, in most routine microbiology laboratories, microscopy is preferred instead of culture and molecular methods for T. vaginalis diagnosis because microscopy is cheaper than other methods. This study aimed to produce T. vaginalis in media that can be detected frequently in microbiology laboratories. Methods: In this study, four media, namely, thioglucholate medium (THIO), brain heart infusion medium (BHI), tryptic soy broth medium (TSB), and Brucella broth medium (BRB) were modified and tested. Trypticase-yeast extract-maltose (TYM) medium was used as a reference medium. Each medium tested was enriched with three different serum additives. T. vaginalis trophozoite at a density of 104 parasites/mL was inoculated into each medium and incubated at 37 °C for 10 days. We determined the number of trophozoites using a hemocytometer, and the viability rates were determined using trypan blue. Results: Trichomonas vaginalis grew extremely well on THIO, BHI, and TSB media but not on BRB media. The time and number of parasites peaked were determined as 100×104 parasites/mL on THIO-ATS and THIO-FCS media on days five and four, respectively, 100×104 parasites/mL on BHI-ATS on day three, 98×104 parasite/mL on BHI-FCS media on day five, 100×104 parasites/mL on TSB-ATS on day four, and 82×104 parasite/mL on TSB-FCS media on day seven. Compared with the reference medium, TYM, T. vaginalis trophozoites survived significantly longer in THIO, BHI, and TSB media. Conclusion: The rich content of THIO, TSB, and BHI media, which are widely available in routine microbiology laboratories, may allow T. vaginalis growth. © 2022, Galenos Publishing House. All rights reserved.
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    Comparison of Conventional Methods with Molecular Methods in the Diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis and Investigation of Metronidazole Resistance; [Trichomonas vaginalis'in Tanısında Konvansiyonel Yöntemlerin Moleküler Yöntemlerle Karşılaştırılması ve Metronidazol Direncinin Araştırılması]
    (Ankara Microbiology Society, 2023) Özel Y.; Çavuş İ.; Usta A.; Vardar Ünlü G.; Özbilgin A.; Ünlü M.
    Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted parasitic infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. In the diagnosis of trichomoniasis, direct microscopy (DM) is preferred, which is a cheap and fast method, although it has low sensitivity. Culture methods, which are accepted as the gold standard, can only be applied in certain centers due to the need for experienced personnel and the ability to get results within 2-7 days, despite their high sensitivity. In this study, it was aimed to compare conventional microscopic and culture methods used in the routine diagnosis of T.vaginalis with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and to investigate ntr4 and/or ntr6 gene polymorphism in the nitroreductase gene region, which are thought to be associated with metronidazole resistance in T.vaginalis strains isolated from clinical specimens. Vaginal swab specimens were collected from the posterior fornix of the vagina with two sterile ecuvion sticks during the gynecological examinations of 200 patients who applied to the Balıkesir University Health Practice and Research Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic between March 2019 and August 2021. The first swab sample was used for direct microscopic examination, Giemsa staining and conventional PCR analysis, while the second swab specimen was taken into trypti-case-yeast-extract-maltose (TYM) medium for T.vaginalis culture and followed for eight days at 37 °C. All specimens were screened for the presence of T.vaginalis using primers specific to the β-tubulin (btub1) gene region and clinical isolates grown in TYM medium were examined for metronidazole resistance using primers specific for the nitroreductase gene region by using conventional PCR. Drug resistance test was also performed for the isolates in which polymorphism associated with metronidazole resistance was detected. Eight (4%) of 200 patient specimens were found positive by both culture/staining and PCR methods. The mean age of the patients included in the study was 39.9, while the mean age of the patients with positive T.vaginalis was 41.8. The most common clinical findings in the patients were foul-smelling vaginal discharge (36%), groin pain (21%), vaginal itching (19%), and burning sensation during urination (18%). In three out of eight T.vaginalis strains isolated from clinical samples, the presence of polymorphism in the ntr6 gene, which is thought to be associated with metronidazole resistance, was demonstrated by PCR. It was observed that three isolates with ntr6 gene polymorphism were phenotypically resistant to metronidazole (MLK= 390 µM). In this study, the fact that three of eight clinical isolates that were resistant to metronidazole by the broth microdilution method and as well as showing ntr6 gene polymorphism supported the thesis that there might be a close relationship between metronidazole resistance and ntr6 gene polymorphism. As a result, the use of culture and molecular methods in the diagnosis of T.vaginalis, in addition to the microscopy method, may contribute to a more accurate laboratory diagnosis of the agent, to detect metronidazole resistance molecularly and phenotypically, to determine metronidazole resistance rates in our country and to update treatment protocols within the framework of these data. © 2023 Ankara Microbiology Society. All rights reserved.
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    Investigation of the Efficacy of Cinnamaldehyde, Cannabidiol and Eravacycline in a Malaria Model; [Sıtma Modelinde Cinnamaldehyde, Cannabidiol ve Eravacycline'in Etkinliğinin Araştırılması]
    (Ankara Microbiology Society, 2023) Özel Y.; Çavuş İ.; Ünlü M.; Özbilgin A.
    In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antimalarial activity of cinnamaldehyde (CIN) and cannabidiol (CBD) which have shown various biological activities such as potent antimicrobial activity and eravacycline (ERA), a new generation tetracycline derivative, in an in vivo malaria model. The cytotoxic activities of the active substances were determined by the MTT method against L929 mouse fibroblasts and their antimalarial activity were determined by the four-day test in an in vivo mouse model. In this study, five groups were formed: the CIN group, the CBD group, the ERA group, the chloroquine group (CQ) and the untreated group (TAG). 2.5 x 107 parasites/mL of P.berghei-infected erythrocyte suspension was administered IP to all mice. The determined doses of active substances were given to the mice by oral gavage in accordance with the four-day test and the parasitemia status in the mice was controlled for 21 days with smear preparations made from the blood taken from the tail end of the mice. The IC50 values, which express the cytotoxic activity values of the active substances were determined as 27.55 μg/mL, 16.40 μM and 48.82 μg/mL for CIN, CBD and ERA, respectively. The mean parasitemia rate in untreated mice was 33% on day nine and all mice died on day 11. On the ninth day, when compared with the TAG group, no parasites were observed in the CIN group, while the average parasitemia was 0.08% in the CBD group and 17.8% in the ERA group. Compared to the mice in the TAG group, the life expectancy of the other groups was prolonged by eight days in the CIN group, 12 days in the CBD group and eight days in the ERA group. It has been determined that all three active subtances tested in this study suppressed the development of Plasmodium parasites in an in vivo mouse model and prolonged the life span of the mice. It is thought that the strong antimalarial activity of CIN and CBD shown in the study and the possible positive effect of ERA on the clinical course can be improved by combining them with the existing and potential antimalarial molecules. © 2023 Ankara Microbiology Society. All rights reserved.
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    Investigation of Cytotoxic and Antileishmanial Activity of Hybrid Silver Nanoparticle Complexes: Potential Drug Candidates against Leishmania Species; [Hibrit Gümüş Nanoparçacik Komplekslerinin Sitotoksik ve Antilayşmanyal Aktivitesinin Araştirilmasi: Leishmania Türlerine Karşi Potansiyel Ilaç Adaylari]
    (Ankara Microbiology Society, 2024) Özel Y.; Çavuş I.; Yilmaz U.; Tokay F.; Baǧdat S.; Özbilgin A.; Ünlü M.; Ünlü G.V.
    In recent years, isolation of resistant Leishmania species to drugs in use has made it necessary to search alternative molecules that may be drug candidates. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and in vitro antileishmanial activity of hybrid silver nanoparticle (AgNP) complexes. In this study, three types of nanoparticles (NPs), oxidized amylose-silver (OA-Ag) NPs, oxidized amylose-curcumin (OA-Cur) NPs and oxidized amylose-curcumin-silver (OA-CurAgNP) nanoparticles were synthesized. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was determined against L929 mouse fibroblasts and the in vitro antileishmanial activity was determined against Leishmania tropica, Leishmania infantum and Leishmania donovani isolates by the broth microdilution method. It was observed that the hybrid OA-CurAgNP complex obtained by combining curcumin and silver nanoparticles showed cytotoxic effects against L929 mouse fibroblasts at concentrations of 1074 μg/mL and above. IC50 values expressing the antileishmanial activity of the hybrid OA-CurAgNP complex against L.tropica, L.infantum and L.donovani isolates, were found to vary between 95-121 μg/mL, 202-330 μg/mL and 210-254 μg/mL, respectively. Resistance development has emerged as a major challenge in the treatment of leishmaniasis in recent times. Metallic nanoparticles are considered excellent candidates for medical applications due to their chemical and physical properties, as well as their prolonged circulation in the body. The current drugs used for leishmaniasis treatment are highly toxic, while nanoparticles offer advantages such as low toxicity and easy cellular uptake due to their nanoscale dimensions. The identification of strong efficacy in these particles may contribute scientific evidence for their potential use in leishmaniasis treatment. Therefore, the therapeutical value of OA-CurAgNP complex alone in combination with existing drugs should be examined. © 2024 Ankara Microbiology Society. All rights reserved.
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    Investigation of the Antitrichomonal Activity of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol and Thymol and Synergy with Metronidazole; [Sinnamaldehit, Karvakrol ve Timolün Antitrichomonal Aktivitesi ve Metronidazol ile Sinerjisinin Araştırılması]
    (Galenos Publishing House, 2024) Özel Y.; Çavuş İ.; Ünlü G.; Ünlü M.; Özbilgin A.
    Objective: Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted protozoan parasite that usually causes infections in women. Metronidazole is used as the first choice in the treatment of this parasitic disease, but there is a need for new drugs since 1980’s with increasing numbers of reported resistance. In this study, it was aimed to determine the antitrichomonal activity of the major components of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme) essential oils, cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol against metronidazole resistant and susceptible T. vaginalis strains, and to determine their interaction with metronidazole by checkerboard method. Methods: Cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, thymol and metronidazole were obtained commercially. Two clinical isolates and one metronidazole resistant T. vaginalis reference strain were used in the study. MIC50 and MLC values of essential oil components and metronidazole were determined by broth microdilution method. The combinations of essential oil components with metronidazole were determined by the checkerboard method. Results: According to in vitro activity tests, cinnamaldehyde was determined to be most effective essential oil component. Clinical isolates were susceptible to metronidazole. In combination study, metronidazole showed synergy with cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol, and partial synergy with thymol. Conclusion: It was determined that cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol, which are known to have high antimicrobial activity, also have strong activity against T. vaginalis isolates and show a synergistic interaction with metronidazole. The use of metronidazole at lower doses in the synergistic interaction may contribute to the literature in terms of reducing drug side effects, creating a versatile antimicrobial target, and reducing the rate of resistance development. © 2024 Turkish Society for Parasitology-Available online at www.turkiyeparazitolderg.org.