Browsing by Author "Şencan A."
Now showing 1 - 20 of 28
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Does ileal reverse segment in rats with short bowel syndrome change intestinal morphology?(2002) Şencan A.; Akçora B.; Mir E.; Şencan A.; Günar C.; Arslan O.; Özer E.Background: The primary goal of surgical therapy for short bowel syndrome is to increase intestinal absorptive capacity. Many surgical procedures have been described for this purpose. One of these is ileal reverse-segment procedure. This procedure after massive small-bowel resection is an alternative way to treat short bowel syndrome, but how it affects intestinal morphology in short bowel syndrome has not been investigated. The aim of this study is to investigate macroscopic and microscopic effects of reverse-segment procedure on the short bowel. Methods: Twenty rats underwent resection of 80% of the small bowel. The rats were separated into two groups (n = 10). In the first group (reverse group), a reverse segment was formed by twisting a 2-cm ileal segment 180°, without damaging its vascularity. In the second group (control group), a 2-cm ileal segment was resected, preserving its mesentery, and end-to-end anastomosis was performed to maintain the intestinal passage. The segment was not twisted 180°. The 2-cm proximal (jejunal) and distal (ileal) segments of the resected bowel were reserved for histologic investigation. Two months later, the rats were killed and the jejunal and ileal segments were evaluated morphologically. Results: In the reverse group, body weight and total intestinal length significantly increased (14% more than in the control group). The diameter of both proximal (jejunal) and distal (ileal) segments in the reverse group also increased 53.8% and 22.8%, respectively (P < 0.05). Histologically, crypt depth and villus height of the ileal segment in the reverse group increased 15.2% and 18.2% more than in the control group (P < 0.05). No histologic change was observed at the jejunal level except for intestinal muscle thickness. Conclusions: Ileal reverse-segment procedure in rats with short bowel syndrome 1) does not cause intestinal obstruction, 2) increases total bowel length and body weight, 3) increases the diameter of both jejunal and ileal segments, and 4) increases villus height and crypt depth only at the ileal level. For this reason, reverse-segment procedure positively affects intestinal adaptation. ©2002 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.Item Effects of amnio-allantoic fluid exchange on bowel contractility in chick embryos with gastroschisis(W.B. Saunders, 2002) Şencan A.; Gümüştekin M.; Gelal A.; Arslan O.; Özer E.; Mir E.Background/Purpose: Intestinal damage in patients with gastroschisis is characterized by bowel wall thickening, intestinal dilatation, mesenteric shortening, and a fibrous peel. The prevention of intestinal damage in gastroschisis by amnio-allantoic fluid (AAF) exchange has been reported using histologic and macroscopic evaluation of intestines, but the effects of this treatment on bowel contractility have not been investigated. The current study was performed to determine the effect of AAF exchange on the intestinal contractility in chick embryos with gastroschisis. Methods: Thirteen-day-old fertilized chick eggs were used. Gastroschisis was created through amnio-allantoic cavity. There were 3 study groups: control group, gastroschisis-only group, and gastroschisis-plus-exchange group. The bowels were evaluated by an in vitro muscle strip technique, and the response was expressed as a percentage of the maximum acetylcholine evoked contraction (Emax) in each tissue obtained. Additionally, parasympathetic ganglion cells per 10 plexus at the intestinal wall were counted. Differences between groups were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey-Kramer. Probabilities of less than 5% were considered significant. Results: The intestines were thickened and covered by fibrous peel in the gastroschisis-only group when compared with the control group and the gastroschisis exchange group morphologically. There was a statistically significant decrease in contractility in the gastroschisis-only group compared with the control group (P < .05). It exerted 42.03 ± 46.73% contraction of control group's Emax. This decrease in contractility was significantly reversed in the exchange group (P < .05; Emax value of gastroschisis plus exchange group was 71.45 ± 23.54% of control group's Emax). Although the number of ganglia per 10 plexus was 76.7 ± 4.3 in the control group, it was measured 28% less in the gastroschisis-only group (P < .05). There was no significant difference between the ganglion numbers of control and exchange groups. Conclusions: Prenatal AAF exchange treatment prevents decreased bowel contractility in gastroschisis. Gastroschisis does not affect intestinal ganglia morphology, but the number of ganglion cells decreases. AAF exchange prevents these functional and morphologic adverse effects of disease. By these findings the expectancy of a better clinical result in gastroschisis with intrauterine pretreatment by amniotic fluid exchange increases. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.Item MURCS association and rectovestibular fistula: Case report of a patient treated with one-stage posterior sagittal anorectoplasty and sigmoid loop vaginoplasty(W.B. Saunders, 2003) Günşar C.; Genç A.; Şencan A.; Daǧlar Z.; Alparslan O.; Mir E.MURCS association is rare, first described by Duncan in 1979, including nonrandom association of Mullerian duct aplasia or hypoplasia (MU), renal agenesis or ectopy (R), and cervicothoracic somite dysplasia. A 5-year-old girl was admitted to the clinic with a complaint of anteriorly located anus. Physical and radiologic examination of the patient found MURCS association with anorectal malformation (ARM) of rectovestibular-type fistula. She had multiple vertebral anomalies, left renal agenesis, vaginal and uterine agenesia, with a normal female 46,XX karyotype. Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) and sigmoid loop vaginal reconstruction was performed as a one-stage operation for the treatment of vaginal agenesis and ARM, There were no complications in the postoperative period. This combined one-stage operation can be used easily in the treatment of some components of the MURCS association such as vaginal agenesis and ARM as an associated anomaly. Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.Item Foreign body extraction with endoscopy assisted tracheotomy: Case report; [Endoskopi yardimiyla trakeotomi ile yabanci cisim çikarilmasi: Olgu sunumu](2003) Günşar C.; Genç A.; Şencan A.; Taneli C.; Mir E.The authors present a rare case of foreign body aspiration treated with a recently defined technique. Endoscopy assisted tracheotomy was used for the removal of a broken plastic pen top from a child and the surgical methods used in the treatment of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration are discussed.Item Does sucralfate prevent apoptosis occurring in the ischemia/reperfusion-induced intestinal injury?(2003) Şencan A.; Yilmaz Ö.; Özer E.; Günşar C.; Genç K.; Ulukuş Ç.; Taneli C.; Mir E.Background/Purpose: We have shown in a previous study that sucralfate is beneficial in the prophylaxis and treatment of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced intestinal injury. The aim of this study is to investigate whether sucralfate has any effect on the prevention of apoptosis in the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced intestinal injury. Methods: Rats were randomized into three groups. Group 1 and 2 were subjected to I/R. Group 1 (treatment group) received sucralfate while group 2 (treatment control group) did not. Group 3 served as a normal control group (sham group). The terminal ileum was harvested for histopathologic investigation by light microscopy. The presence of apoptotic enterocytes (DNA fragmentation in cell nuclei) was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) reaction. Results: In treatment control group, 3 of 7 rats had severe inflammation. None of the sucralfate-treated rats showed severe inflammation, 6 of them only showed mild inflammatory changes (p < 0.05). The apoptotic percentage was found to be 37.1 ± 9.4 in the sucralfate-treated group (group 1), whereas it was 45.4 ± 3.9 in the untreated group (group 2) (p < 0.05). The sham group had a completely normal intestinal architecture. Conclusions: The present study shows that 1) the experimental model of I/R-induced intestinal injury induces enterocyte apoptosis; 2) sucralfate decreases enterocyte apoptosis in the experimental model of I/R-induced intestinal injury which may play a key role in the pathophysiological events leading to failure of the intrinsic gut barrier defense mechanisms.Item The association of jejunal atresia and cystic lymphangioma in the same location(W.B. Saunders, 2003) Şencan A.; Akçora B.; Mir E.Cystic lymphangiomas, which are localized on the mesentery of the intestine, are rarely seen. The presence of intestinal atresia together with cystic lymphangioma in the same location has never been described before. In this study, a premature girl weighing 2,630 g who had jejunal atresia, cystic lymphangioma localized in the mesentery of the distal atretic jejunal segment, and multiple rib anomalies is presented. The association of jejunal atresia and cystic lymphangioma may be coincidental, or jejunal atresia may be caused by an intrauterine vascular compression of volvuled cystic lymphangioma. Such an association is being reported for the first time in the literature. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item The effect of circumcision status on periurethral and glanular bacterial flora(2004) Günşar C.; Kurutepe S.; Alparslan O.; Yilmaz Ö.; Daǧlar Z.; Şencan A.; Genç A.; Taneli C.; Mir E.Introduction: Circumcision is a historical operation which is still performed for different purposes. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in periurethral and glanular sulcus flora due to circumcision to determine the role of circumcision on urinary tract infections (UTIs). Patients and Methods: Fifty patients who were circumcised for social-religious reasons between January 2000 and January 2001 were evaluated in this prospective study. Two swabs were taken from the periurethral and glanular sulcus regions both just before circumcision and 4 weeks after, and the bacteria cultured were recorded. Results: We isolated pathogenic bacteria in the periurethral region of 32 (64%) patients (enterococci in 14 cases; Escherichia coli in 12 cases) before circumcision, and this number decreased to 5 (10%) after circumcision. Similarly, pathogenic bacteria were cultured from the glanular sulcus swabs of 33 (68%) patients (enterococci in 14 cases; E. coli in 10 cases), as well as coagulase-negative staphylococci in another 15 patients before circumcision. Following circumcision, we detected pathogenic bacteria in the glanular cultures of only 4 cases, whereas 40 children had non-pathogenic skin flora. Only 1 of 5 children with history of UTIs (n = 1) and retractable phimosis (n = 4) had periurethral pathogenic bacteria (Proteus spp.) in the post-circumcision period. The differences between pre- and post-circumcision values of the pathogenic bacterial colonizations were statistically significant in both groups sampled (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Non-circumcised patients have similar pathogenic bacterial colonizations in the periurethral and the inner preputial regions, although they have no phimosis. The origin of periurethral flora should be the deeper preputial regions. The flora greatly changed with skin commensals after circumcision. Circumcision might be beneficial from this point of view. Copyright © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel.Item Testis-fixation in prepubertal rats: Fibrin glue versus transparenchymal sutures reduces testicular damage(2004) Şencan A.; Genç A.; Günşar C.; Daǧlar Z.; Yilmaz Ö.; Ulukuş Ç.; Özer E.; Taneli C.; Mir E.Experimental studies have shown that different suture materials used in testis fixation cause some degree of inflammation in the testis. This study was planned to compare the histological changes that were caused by fibrin glue which is a tissue sealant and by silk and polypropylene for transparenchymal testis fixation. 28 prepubertal rats were divided into 4 groups. Testis was fixed to the tunica vaginalis by fibrin glue in group 1, by silk in group 2 and by polypropylene in group 3. Group 4 was planned as a control. Testicular inflammation and seminiferous tubular diameter were evaluated for histological changes. The least inflammation was observed in the fibrin glue group, while the most inflammation occurred in the silk group. Seminiferous tubular diameter was 241.55 ± 45.90 in the fibrin glue group, 151.90 ± 8.34 in the silk group and 161.36 ± 9.96 in the polypropylene group. In conclusion, fibrin glue, when used for testis fixation, causes less inflammation and less destruction of seminiferous tubular diameter compared with silk and polypropylene.Item The maturity of intestinal neomucosa: Integrin expression and ultrastructural aspects(2004) Günşar C.; Vatansever H.S.; Arslan O.A.; Şencan A.; Müftüoǧlu S.; Özbilgin K.; Kaymaz F.; Mir E.Background/purpose The maturity of neomucosa growing on a serosal surface for the treatment of short bowel syndrome still is questionable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intestinal neomucosa to assess its histologic maturity. Methods A 6-cm-long isolated ileal segment (IS) was prepared in 8 Wistar albino-type rats. The IS was divided from the antimesenteric side, and 2 intestinal tubes were established, which shared a common wall and a common pedicle. After ileal biopsy sampling for the control group (CG), the IS was fashioned into a mucous fistula. Eight weeks later, all the rats were killed, and the ISs were investigated for neomucosal growth. Sections were prepared with periodic acid shift (PAS) and H & E staining for light microscopy. They also were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. The microscopic morphology of the 2 groups was evaluated. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to show the expression of the tissue β1, α3 and α2β1 integrin subunits of both the neomucosa (NS) and control group (CG) segments. Results Sections of the NS showed a well-arranged columnar epithelial cell layer with goblet cells that were generally located superficially and with a complete basement membrane. Under the electron microscope, the sections from the NS group showed an epithelial cell layer with proper microvilli of the same height, although they were shorter than those of the CG, and tight intercellular junctions between the epithelial cells. Significant differences between the NS and CG groups were found in the measurements of villus width at base, microvillus surface, and microvillus height. The lamina propria consisted of rich collagen fibers and active fibroblasts in the NS group. In the immunohistochemical staining, although β1 integrine showed a dense distribution (+++) in the lamina propria, particularly localizing at the depth of the tunica mucosa layer, α3 integrin was observed to have a less dense immunoreactivity (++) in both groups. The expression of α2β1 integrin showed slight and dispersed (+) staining. Conclusions The NS showed histologic maturity and ultimate structural similarity with the native small bowel mucosa, which provides strong indirect evidence for the proper functioning of the neomucosa. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item Intrascrotal paratesticular lymphangioma; [Skrotum içi testis dişi lenfanjiom](2004) Günşar C.; Şencan A.; Demir M.A.; Genç A.; Küçükoǧlu T.; Taneli C.; Mir E.We present a case of cystic scratal lymphangioma who showed three different clinical presentations in fourty days. At his first admission, he had a soft, painless, transilluminating, scrotal mass which progressed to an acute scrotum like disease after inadequate excision. Following total excision of the mass, he had a local celhditis attack on the scrotal skin. His lesions healed without any sequela. For histopathological differential diagnosis we performed some immunohisiochcmical dyeing methods in addition to the classical hematoxylene-eosine stained sections. Scrotal lymphangioma should be kepi in mind for the differential diagnosis of inguinoscrotal lesions and with adequate, surgical interventions, the recurrences could be prevented.Item Amputated tuba-ovarian torsion in a newborn(2005) Özkol M.; Ovali G.Y.; Tunçyürek Ö.; Şencan A.; Pabuşçu Y.[No abstract available]Item CHARGE association: Case report; [CHARGE birlikteliǧi: Olgu sunumu](2005) Yilmaz Ö.; Arslan O.A.; Genç A.; Kücükoǧlu T.; Günşar C.; Şencan A.; Mir E.; Taneli C.CHARGE association is a combination of a number of related birth defects and acronyme of the first letter of each defect. A 5-year-old male admitted to our hospital with complaint of passing urine through a stenotic hypospadic meatus. Physical examination showed that his weight was 10-20th percentiles and his height was 10-20th percentiles. He had a left sided bad ear. Ophthalmologic examination revealed microphthalmia, iris coloboma, choroid coloboma and lens coloboma of both eyes. External genital examination revealed a coronal hypospadias and a ventral chordee. His mental development was found 3.5 years in social, 4 years in motor skills. An urethroplasty was performed by the Snodgrass technique. Four of the 7 components of the CHARGE association were present in present case.Item The effects of transparenchymal suture material and fibrine-a tissue adhesive-on the contralateral testis(Turkiye Klinikleri, 2008) Dilşen Ç.; Şencan A.; Neşe N.; Kandiloǧlu A.R.; Yilmaz Ö.; Günşar C.; Genç A.; Taneli C.; Mir E.Objective: Experimental studies showed that fibrin glue (FG) which was used in orchidopexy and testicular torsion caused less tissue damage in the ipsilateral testis when compared with the transparenchymal suture materials. However, whether the usage of the FG in testis fixation causes any histological changes in the contralateral testis is not known. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of FG and other suture materials on the contralateral testis where no surgical procedure is performed. Material and Methods: Fifty prepubertal rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and the tunica vaginalis of all the right testes were longitudinally incised. In group 1, the incision line was closed with FG, whereas silk, catgut and polypropylene were used respectively in the groups 2, 3 and 4. Group 5 was the control group and no surgical procedure was performed on the left testes. The rats were sacrificed 3 weeks later and the diameters of the right and left testes were measured. Testes were evaluated by means of inflammation, seminiferous tubular diameter (STD), spermatogenetic activity and epididymal inflammation. Result: In group 2, 3 and 4, spermatogenetic activity, STD and the testis diameter of the ipsilateral testes decreased, whereas testicular and epidydimal inflammation increased. When the contralateral testis was evaluated, STD of the FG group decreased and FG had no extra benefit on testicular histology when compared to other suture materials. Conclusion: Surgical procedures performed on the ipsilateral testis cause only a decrease in the contralateral STD, which is observed by light microscope, but this decrease seems to have no effect on the spermatogenetic activity. Besides, the usage of FG instead of other materials in testis fixation has no extra benefit. However, it must be kept in mind that these results might vary when ultrastructural and immunological evaluations are performed. Copyright © 2008 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Item Early renal parenchymal histological changes in an experimental model of vesico-ureteral reflux and the role of apoptosis(2008) Şencan A.; Vatansever S.; Yilmaz Ö.; Genç A.; Serter S.; Gümüser G.; Kurutepe S.; Pekindil G.; Günsar C.; Mir E.Objectives. To observe early renal parenchymal cellular changes in an experimental model of vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) and to show whether the apoptotic pathway plays a role in these cellular changes. Material and methods. Fourteen New Zealand breed rabbits were used and were divided into two equal groups (control and experimental groups). Urine samples were obtained in a sterile manner and cultured. In the study group, reflux was created in the right kidneys surgically. Renal scintigraphy and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) were performed in both groups on Day 17. The kidneys were examined in terms of histology, apoptotic activity and caspase activity. Results. No growth was observed in urine cultures in either group. VUR was manifested in only two rabbits in the experimental group on VCUG. On renal scintigraphy, no renal scarring was observed in either of the groups and renal uptake values were in the normal range. There was a greater increase in collagen in the right kidneys in the experimental group than in the control group and apoptotic activity was significantly increased in the study group: 0% in the control group, 10.8%±0.7% in the experimental group (p<0.001). Caspase-6 activity was strongly positive and caspase-8 and -9 activities were moderately positive in the right kidneys of the experimental group. Caspase-6 activity was moderately positive, and caspase-8 and -9 activities were weakly positive in the contralateral kidneys of the experimental group. Caspase activities in the control group were negative (p<0.001). Conclusions. In this experimental model of VUR, apoptotic activity was initiated via the caspase-8 and -9 pathway and collagen tissue increased in the renal parenchyma where reflux occurred. The balance of apoptotic activity may play a key role in the occurrence of reflux nephropathy. © 2008 Taylor & Francis.Item The effects of diclofenac on experimental testis torsion; [Diklofenak'in deneysel testis torsiyonundaki etkileri](2009) Daǧlar Z.; Günşar C.; Neşe N.; Şencan A.; Yilmaz Ö.; Genç A.; Taneli C.; Mir E.Aim: To investigate the late testicular effects of spermatic cord torsion and role of diclofenac on testicular injury. Material and Methods: In the first group (G1) of rats detorsion followed 4 hours of left testis torsion. For the second group (G2), detorsion followed 4 hours of torsion and diclofenac (2,5 mg/kg IM) administration. For the last group (G3), detorsion was performed after 4 hours of torsion and combined Diclofenac and Verapamil (10 mg/kg/IM) administration. Bilateral orchiectomy was done after 4 weeks. Spermatogenic activity and diameter of seminiferious tubules were evaluated. Results: When testicular weights were evaluated, the most significant increase was detected in the Diclofenac Group, whereas Verapamile group showed significant decrease both in the ipsilateral and contralateral testes. There were significant differences between 'G1 and G2' (p:0,002), 'G1 and G3' (p:0,04) and 'G2 and G3' (p:0,02) by means of seminiferious tubule diameters of torsioned testes. The most prominent increases in diameters were in the Diclofenac Group. We found significant differences for the seminiferious tubule diameters of the contralateral testes in between 'G1 and G3' (p:0,03) and 'G2 and G3' (p:0,003). Significant differences were found by means of spermatogenic activity of the torsioned testes between 'G1 and G2' (p:0.005), 'G1 and G3' (p:0.004), and 'G2 and G3'(p:0.02) groups. For the contralateral testes; the differences between 'G1 and G2'(p:0.003) and 'G1 and G3' (p:0.007)were significant. Conclusion: Unilateral testicular torsion-detorsion causes permanent damage in ipsilateral testes. Diclofenac partially prevented this injury. After sufficient investigations, its use in patients with testicular torsion can be beneficial.Item Juvenile xanthogranuloma: Case report; [Juvenil ksantogranülom](2010) Gençoǧlan G.; Inanir I.; Demireli P.; Şencan A.; Aygören S.R.Juvenile xanthogranuloma is an uncommon non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis of infancy and childhood. Etiology is not clear. This benign disorder characterized by solitary or multiple yellow-red papulonodules on the skin can occasionally be observed in other organs. They generally appear as reddish-yellow papules which enlarge up to 1 cm in diameter and evolve into yellow-brown plaques and macules. Prognosis is good and lesions mostly improve spontaneously. In this paper, an eleven-month-old boy who admitted with a nodule on the scalp is presented. The possible systemic organ involvement and accompanying diseases were evaluated. No treatment was performed and regular follow-up was planned. Since the lesion did not regress spontaneously during the three months and caused discomfort, total excision was performed. Diagnosis of JXG was confirmed histopathologically. Copyright © 2010 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Item Femoral nerve paralysis caused by traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma: Case report; [Travmatik retroperitoneal hematoma baǧli femoral sinir paralizisi](2010) Şencan A.; Keleş G.; Ertan P.; Aşçi A.; Çivi M.Retroperitoneal hematoma is a kind of life-threatening injury which commonly develops after blunt trauma in childhood. Femoral nerve paralysis that occurs after retroperitoneal hematoma is a rare complication. It occurs as the result of femoral nerve being compressed while passing through psoas muscle or due to the compression of hematoma on femoral nerve after proceeding down towards femoral canal and causing ischemic femoral nerve injury. Whether this femoral nerve paralysis is permenant or temporary seems to be related with the drainage of the hematoma. However, it differs from patient to patient related with the size of the hematoma and the degree of compression. In this study, a 13-years-old boy who developed retroperitoneal hematoma after falling down the stairs and who after wards developed femoral nerve paralysis that regressed on follow-up is reported as a rare complication. Copyright © 2009 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Item Pediatric ureteroceles: Diagnosis, management and treatment options(Brieflands, 2010) Günşar C.; Mir E.; Şencan A.; Ertan P.; Özcan C.U.Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical characteristics of ureteroceles particularly for diagnostic and treatment challenges. Methods: Data about patients treated for ureterocele in the two hospital clinics during 1996- 2009 are retrospectively evaluated. Findings: There were 12 girls and 7 boys. Symptomatic urinary tract infection was found in twelve cases. Ureterocele was associated with duplex systems in eleven cases. Vesicoureteral reflux was detected in 4 patients. Bladder diverticulum complicated with ureterocele in 1 patient. Ultrasonography diagnosed ureterocele in 12 patients. Renal scarring was detected in 6 patients at the side of ureterocele. Fifteen patients showed varying degrees of hydroureteronephrosis. Surgical therapy included upper pole nephrectomy in 3 cases. Bladder level reconstruction was performed in 11 cases. Five patients were treated only by endoscopic incision. In the follow up period 4 patients showed long term urinary tract infections whereas 3 of them were treated endoscopically. Postoperative reflux was still present in two patients who were treated by endoscopic incision. Conclusion: Ureterocele diagnosis and treatment show challenges. Urinary tract infection is important marker for urinary system evaluation. Preoperative management generally depends on a combination of diagnostic methods. Endoscopic incision needs serious follow up for postoperative problems. © 2010 by Pediatrics Center of Excellence.Item Antibiotic treatment is superior to ursodeoxycholic acid on total parenteral nutrition associated hepatic dysfunction(2010) Günşar C.; Vatansever S.; Var A.; Aygören R.; Yilmaz O.; Türköz E.; Şencan A.; Mir E.Purpose This study aimed to investigate the apoptotic mechanisms, oxidative stress, and mechanisms of effect of antibiotics and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in total parenteral nutrition (TPN)-associated liver injury. Methods Four groups of young rabbits were used in the study as follows: Group 1 (n: 7): TPN + Metronidazole (30 mg/kg IV) + Gentamicin (6 mg/kg IV); Group 2 (n: 7): TPN + UDCA (15 mg/kg per oral); Group 3 (n: 6): TPN only; and Group 4 (n: 7): Control group. After 10 days, the animals were killed and livers were removed. Hepatic apoptosis, apoptotic proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were studied in liver, and direct bilirubin values were assessed in the blood samples. Results Direct bilirubin increased with TPN, and antibiotic combination, as the most effective group, significantly lowered its levels (p<0.01). MDA values also showed significant differences in comparisons between G1 and G3 (p<0.05) and G1-4 (p<0.01). An increased number of apoptotic cells was detected particularly in G2 and G3, whereas the lowest levels, other than in the control group, were found in G1. All TUNEL-positive cell number data were statistically significant except between G2 and G3(p<0.05). Caspase-3 and Bax immunoreactivities were greatest in G2. Significant differences were shown in caspase-3 immunoreactivity between the groups (p<0.01), except between G1 and G3 (p>0.05). All comparisons between the groups were significant for Bax (p<0.01). In contrast, Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was moderate and highest in G1: comparisons between G1 and the other groups demonstrated statistically significant differences (p<0.01). Fas-L immunoreactivity was greatest in G2, and all comparisons between the groups were statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusions Metronidazole and gentamicin combination is effective on TPN-induced liver injury by the Bcl-2 antiapoptotic pathway, total anti-apoptotic effect and by decreasing bilirubin levels. Oxidative injury in the liver increased with therapy. UDCA seems less effective on TPN-associated liver injury. © Springer-Verlag 2010.Item A rare cause of soft tissue masses in childhood: Hydatid cyst; [Çocukluk çaǧi yumuşak doku kitlelerinin ender bir nedeni: Kist hidatik](Logos Medical Publishing, 2011) Şencan A.; Yücetürk A.; Serter S.Hydatid disease is a zoonotic infection usually affecting the liver and the lungs. Soft tissue involvement is relatively rare. In this study, we present a 7 year-old girl who was operated for a soft tissue mass on the left hemithorax lateral wall and who had the diagnosis of hydatid cyst postoperatively. It is important to confirm the diagnosis before surgery, because rupture of the cyst during surgery may increase the risk of recurrent infestations and may cause anaphylactic shock. Therefore, hydatid disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses, especially when they occur in endemic areas. © 2011 Logos Medical Publishing . All Rights Reserved.