Browsing by Author "Balcioğlu I.C."

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    A new approach for determining the spatial risk levels for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis related with the distribution of vector species in western part of turkey using geographical information systems and remote sensing; [Coğrafi bilgi sistemleri ve uzaktan algılama kullanılarak türkiye’nin batısında visseral ve kutanöz leishmaniasisde vektör türlerin dağılımı ile ilişkili mekansal risk düzeylerinin saptanması için yeni bir yaklaşım]
    (Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Ölgen M.K.; Özbel Y.; Balcioğlu I.C.; Demir S.; Şimşek F.; Özensoy Töz S.; Ertabaklar H.; Alkan M.Z.
    Leishmaniases are present in two clinical forms, as visceral and cutaneous, in Turkey showing a tendency of spreading throughout the country. The aim of the present study was to produce a new model for determining the spatial risk levels using the data in a selected study site in the western part of Turkey. The results of entomological studies in this leishmaniasis focus indicated the presence of suspected vector species Phlebotomus (Larroussius) tobbi and P. (Larroussius) neglectus for the visceral, P. (Paraphlebotomus) similis for cutaneous forms of the disease. The new risk model was developed based on univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses of geographical variables as altitude, aspect, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) values related to the distribution of these three species. The results of the new model were used to produce the risk maps and the potential distribution areas of the incriminated vector species with the use of geographical technologies which allowed the identification of the leishmaniasis risk levels that may provide useful information to guide the control program interventions. © 2012, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi. All rights reserved.
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    Determination of sand fly fauna and molecular detection of Leishmania in sand flies in Antalya Province, Southern Turkey
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Arserim S.K.; Çetin H.; Karakuş M.; Demir S.; Ser Ö.; Töz S.; Balcioğlu I.C.; Ölgen M.K.; Yilmaz B.; Özbel Y.
    Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are diseases transmitted by infected female sand flies. Since the eradication of malaria in Turkey, CL is the main vector-borne disease in the country, with more than 2000 cases per year, making it a significant public health problem. The aims of this study were to carry out an entomological survey in Antalya Province, an endemic area for CL in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey, to identify sand fly fauna and to screen female specimens for the presence of Leishmania parasites (Leishmania infantum, L. tropica, L. major, and L. donovani) using molecular analysis. Sand flies were collected in 42 localities of seven districts in Antalya Province using CDC miniature light traps in two different periods, June 2012 and September 2013. The specimens were kept in 96% ethanol until the dissection was done. The head and genitalia of the specimens were cut for preparing individual slides for species identification. The rest of the body of female specimens was kept separately. The specimens were identified at the species level, and 27 pools were generated according to the locations and species for screening the presence of Leishmania. A commercial kit was used for DNA extractions. Real-time and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) were then performed. In total, 1306 specimens comprising nine species belonging to the Phlebotomus genus were collected in the study region, with Phlebotomus neglectus/syriacus (38.82%) the most abundant, followed by P. alexandri (21.67%) and P. tobbi (20.44%). In the 27 pools, Leishmania infantum DNA was detected in four pools containing P. neglectus/syriacus and one pool containing P. tobbi. In conclusion, the sand fly fauna in the Antalya Province is diverse. The probable vector sand fly species are P. neglectus/syriacus and P. tobbi with high dominance (59.26%), which indicates a high risk of CL transmission. The data presented here may help to shed more light on the transmission cycles of the Leishmania parasite in this CL endemic area. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    The Follow-Up of Treatment Process of Malaria by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction: In Vivo Model; [Sıtmada Tedavi Sürecinin Gerçek Zamanlı Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu ile Takibi: In Vivo Model]
    (Ankara Microbiology Society, 2021) Çavuş I.; Özbilgin A.; Balcioğlu I.C.
    Microscopic methods are accepted as the gold standard in the diagnosis of malaria and in the followup of treatment. However, as the microscopical methods require experienced personnel, it is important to confirm the diagnosis with a different method for accurate diagnosis and treatment follow-up. In our study, we aimed to investigate the utility of the use of real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), as well as microscopic methods for malaria treatment follow-up. In our study, we formed five groups each consisting of five male Balb/c mice. Each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 107/ml Plasmodium berghei parasites. After 48 hours following the injection, the mice in the first, second and third groups received 50 mg/kg/day of chloroquine treatment for one, two and three days, respectively. The fourth group was not treated and the fifth group of mice received saline for three days. The parasitemia was monitored for 21 days by blood smears prepared from the end of tail of the mice and searching the presence of the target gene region of the parasite by rRT-PCR. Both the blood smears and rRT-PCR results were positive for groups I, II, IV and V. Both blood smears and rRT-PCR results of mice in groups other than the third group were found to be positive. Blood smears of the mice in third group were found to be positive on the 5th and 7th days of the infection, and the subsequent preparations were evaluated as negative. rRT-PCR results showed positivity on day seven, but no presence of the target gene region of the parasite was detected on the other days. The comparison of microscopy and rRT-PCR methods, had shown parallel results. Apart from the microscopic examination method, it was concluded that the rRT-PCR method is important in the diagnosis of malaria and in the follow-up of the patient during the treatment process, and that different methods that support each other should be used. © 2021 Ankara Microbiology Society. All rights reserved.