Browsing by Author "Balkan C."

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    A comparative study of azithromycin, cephalexin and penicillin V for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children; [COCUKLARDA STREPTOKOKSIK FARENJIT VE TONSILLIT TEDAVISINDE AZITROMISIN, SEFALEKSIN VE ORAL PENISILIN VNIN ETKINLIGININ KARSILASTIRILMASI]
    (1996) Ece A.; Iscan A.; Sengil A.Z.; Balkan C.; Cetinkaya Z.
    In this study, clinical and bacteriological efficacies of penicillin V were compared with those of azithromycin and cephalexin. Of 94 children who had group A beta hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngitis/tonsillitis, 31 received a single daily. dose of azithromycin (10 mg/kg) for three days, 33 received cephalexin 40 mg/kg/day in three doses for 10 days, 30 received oral penicillin V 50.000 IU/kg for 10 days. At the end of the treatment, bacterial eradication was achieved in 91% of azithromycin-treated patients, 88% of cephalexin-treated patients and 83% of penicillin treated-patients (p > 0.05). Clinical cure rates were 94% in azithromycin group, 91% in cephalexin group and 90% in penicillin group (p > 0.05). At follow-up evaluation (day 30 ± 5) bacteriologic recurrence was observed in 4 patients of azithromycin-treated group (13%), in 6 of cephalexin treated group (18%) and in 6 of penicillin-treated group (20%). The results of this study indicate that oral penicillin V is clinically as effective as azithromycin and cephalexin in the treatment of GABHS pharyngotonsillitis.
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    Hypernatriuria and kaliuresis in enuretic children and the diurnal variation
    (Elsevier Inc., 1998) Vurgun N.; Yicrossed d Signitocrossed d Signlu M.R.; Ýpcan A.; Ari Z.; Tarhan S.; Balkan C.
    Purpose: We investigate the underlying pathophysiological cause of primary nocturnal enuresis by comparing electrolyte alterations in urine samples of enuretics during the daytime and nighttime compared with those of nonenuretic subjects. Materials and Methods: Urine output, urine specific gravity and urinary electrolytes in 15 enuretic and 12 nonenuretic children were measured. We collected daytime serum and urine samples of children fed a similar diet between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m., and nighttime between samples 7 p.m. and 7 a.m. Urinary calcium/creatinine ratio, tubular reabsorption of phosphorus and excretions of fractional sodium and potassium were calculated. Results: There was no significant difference between the calcium/creatinine ratio ratios. There was a significant increase in fractional sodium and fractional potassium values in enuretics compared to nonenuretics during the day and at night. Daytime and nighttime fractional sodium and fractional potassium values in enuretics were similar. In contrast to nonenuretics, enuretic patients had no diurnal variation of fractional sodium. There was significant positive correlation between bedwetting status, and fractional sodium and fractional potassium. Conclusions: Since sodium and potassium excretions were higher in enuretic patients than nonenuretic children, and no significant diurnal variation in urinary excretion of these ions there might be a difference in the mechanism of reabsorption of sodium and potassium between enuretic and nonenuretic children.
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    Analysis of meatal location in 300 boys
    (2001) Genç A.; Taneli C.; Öksel F.; Balkan C.; Bilgi Y.
    The high incidence of anterior hypospadias and the consideration of some of the parents that this location is a normal variation and the resistance to the surgical treatment led us to investigate the normal meatal location in boys. The location of external meatus was analyzed in 300 boys. The meatal location was classified as type A (anterior third/tip of the glans) type B (middle third) and type C (posterior third/glandular hypospadias). Of the 300 boys taken into study, in 282 (94%) meatus was located at the tip of the glans in 14 patients (4.6%) on the middle third, 'type B' and in 2 patients (0.6%) on the posterior third, 'type C'. The present study clearly demonstrated that the true location of urethral meatus should be at the tip of the glans. Type B is an acceptable location, which requires no operation and is seen in a very small percentage. Type C is a true glandular hypospadias and should certainly be corrected by glanuloplasty and meatal advancement. We are of the opinion that after surgery for anterior hypospadias meatal position presenting elsewhere than at the tip of the glans should not be considered a successful intervention.
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    Effects of different socioeconomic conditions on menarche in Turkish female students
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2004) Ersoy B.; Balkan C.; Gunay T.; Onag A.; Egemen A.
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the age at menarche, the menarcheal features, and the association between menarcheal age and socioeconomic status in an urban area in Turkey. In addition, we tried to assess whether there is a relationship between age at menarche and body composition. Methods: We asked some questions about menarche of 1017 female adolescent students in the high schools of Manisa region. Height and weight were measured. The body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) was used as an index of relative weight. Adolescent girls were grouped into three socioeconomic status according to the educational and occupational levels of their parents. The age at menarche and the menarcheal pattern were evaluated according to the socioeconomic status. Results: The ages of girls involved in the study ranged between 14 and 18 years, with a mean of 15.7±1.1 years. Although the menarcheal age was found to be lower in girls with higher socioeconomic status, there was no significant difference between the three different socioeconomic status. In all of the three groups, menarche was more common in summer and fall than in spring and winter. Although the mother was an important source of knowledge in all groups, it was significantly more important in the group with high socioeconomic status. Adolescent girls with low socioeconomic status had fewer premenstrual complaints. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. We found an inverse correlation between menarcheal age and postmenarcheal weight and the BMI (r=-0.14, p=0.000). However, there was no correlation between menarcheal age and postmenarcheal height. Conclusion: These results indicate that as the social status differences decrease, the difference observed in menarcheal age and pattern disappears in urban areas of developing countries. Menarcheal age may be an indicator of socioeconomic development. It does not influence postmenarcheal height; however, as menarcheal age decreases, BMI increases. © 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Myelofibrosis associated with severe vitamin D deficiency rickets
    (Cambridge Medical Publications, 2005) Balkan C.; Ersoy B.; Nese N.
    Myelofibrosis is a rare disorder in childhood. In this report, we present the case of a 6-month-old infant with myelofibrosis due to severe vitamin D deficiency rickets. The characteristic clinical and laboratory findings of myelofibrosis improved rapidly after vitamin D therapy. In developing countries, nutritional rickets is still an important health problem. Rickets is not only a skeletal system-related disorder, it is also a systemic disorder. Rickets should be considered, therefore, as one of the conditions that can lead to severe haematological disorders in infants.
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    The factors affecting the relation between the menarcheal age of mother and daughter
    (2005) Ersoy B.; Balkan C.; Gunay T.; Egemen A.
    Background: Menarche is one of the most important biologic signals in the life of a woman. Menarche is a biological variable which has a significant genotypic component in girls. In recent years, many studies reporting the earlier onset of menarche owing to the improvement of socio-economic conditions have been published. Design: We asked some questions about menarche to 1017 female students studying in the high schools of Manisa region in order to determine the menarcheal age and the correlation of menarcheal age between the mothers and daughters in our region. Results: The mean age at menarche for the girls was 12.82 ± 1.07 years and for the mothers was 13.6 ± 1.39 years. The mean menarcheal age of the mothers was higher than the mean menarcheal age of the girls (P < 0.001). This difference persisted independent of the socio-economic status, nutritional state and physical activity of the girls. There was a significant correlation between the menarcheal age of the girls and their mothers (r = 0.262, P < 0.001). This correlation existed in all the girls with different socio-economic status, nutritional state and physical activity. However, this correlation disappeared in girls with body mass index (BMI) > 25 (r = 0.04, P = 0.813). In girls with BMI < 25, there was a correlation between the menarcheal age of the girls and mothers (r = 0.282, P < 0.001). Conclusion: These results suggest that the menarche occurs earlier in the daughters than their mothers. The correlation between the menarcheal age of the girls and their mothers persists under all circumstances except in obesity. The mother's menarcheal age is a good predictor of the daughter's menarcheal age in non-obese girls and the BMI is an important factor. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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    Is Monitoring of Cytomegalovirus Disease Required in Nontransplant Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2021) Şen S.; Özdemir H.H.; Karadaş N.; Bal Z.Ş.; Göktepe Ş.Ö.; Ece D.; Balkan C.; Aydinok Y.; Karapinar D.Y.
    Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in developing countries are experienced at an early age. This study was performed to investigate the frequency of reactivation and risk factors of infection acquired at an early age of nontransplant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy with weekly monitoring of CMV levels in Turkey. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study of 172 pediatric patients (102 boys and 70 girls) with ALL. All patients were monitored routinely for CMV-DNA at the initial presentation of leukemia and twice a week during chemotherapy. The CMV immunoglobulin (Ig)M/IgG titers were measured at admission. Results: CMV seropositivity at baseline was 90,11%. The overall prevalence of CMV infection (viremia) was 70.34%, 116 of whom were seropositive for CMV IgG and 5 of whom were negative for CMV at the time of ALL diagnosis. Reactivation was more common than de novo CMV infections (P=0.000). CMV seropositivity at the beginning of the leukemia diagnosis was found to be an independent predictor for developing CMV infection (P=0.001). A total of 60 CMV infection episodes were treated with antivirals. Four of these included organ involvement. The duration of CMV-DNA viremia episodes was longer in patients with CMV-DNA ≥1000 copies/mL (n=45) than in those with lower CMV-DNA levels (P=0.002). Infection was shown not to be associated with chemotherapy phase. Conclusion: This study suggests the importance of monitoring for CMV infections in developing countries because of frequent reactivations in seropositive ALL patients. It should be kept in mind that low CMV-DNA levels may also lead to organ involvement. © 2021 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.