Browsing by Author "Barutcuoglu, M"

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    TGF-βs and SMADs Activities at the Site of Failed Neural Tube in the Human Embryos
    Barutcuoglu, M; Umur, AS; Vatansever, HS; Umur, N; Ozbilgin, K; Sayhan, S; Selcuki, M
    AIM: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and Smads control intracellular signaling pathways in neurulation. Although previously reported similar experimental animal studies, the aim of this human study is to investigate the expression of TGF-beta (1,2,3) and Smads (1,2,3,6,7) in aborted human fetuses with myeloschisis. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twelve human fetuses with neural tube defect were obtained. They were stained with antibodies against TGF-beta 1, TGF-beta 2,TGF-beta 3, Smad (1,2,3), Smad 6 and Smad 7 using the indirect immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: We noted mild immune reactivity of TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 in the open neural plate, motor neurons and surrounding tissue. Strong immune reactivity of TGF-beta 3 was shown in only open neural plate and surrounding tissue. Immunoreactivity of all Smads noted negative except Smad7. CONCLUSION: These results suggested at the site where the neural tube failed to close, TGF-beta 1,2 and Smads 1,2,3,6 do not continue their activity and decrease with internal timing of embryonic development. Additionally ectodermal layers are considered by embryo asnot closed wound and TGF-beta 3 activity may be an effort to repair the failed closure.
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    Evaluation of the Effects of Mobile Phones on the Neural Tube Development of Chick Embryos
    Umur, AS; Yaldiz, C; Bursali, A; Umur, N; Kara, B; Barutcuoglu, M; Vatansever, S; Selcuki, D; Selcuki, M
    AIM: The objective of this study is to examine the effects of radiation of mobile phones on developing neural tissue of chick embryos. MATERIAL and METHODS: There were 4 study groups. All Groups were placed in equal distance, from the mobile phones. Serial sections were taken from each Group to study the neural tube segments. RESULTS: The TUNEL results were statistically significant (p<0.001) at 30 and 48 hours in the third Group. We found low Bcl-2 levels partly in Group 4 and increased activity in Group 3. Caspase-3 was negative in the 48 and 72 hours in the Control Group, had moderate activity in the third Group 3, weak activity in the 48 hour, and was negative in the 72 hour in other groups. Caspase-9 immunoreactivity was weak in Group 1,2 and 3 at 30 hours and was negative in Group 1 and 4 at 48 and 72 hours. Caspase-9 activity in the third Group was weak in all three stages. CONCLUSION: Electromagnetic radiation emitted by mobile phones caused developmental delay in chick embryos in early period. This finding suggests that the use of mobile phones by pregnant women may pose risks.
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    Cutting filum terminale is very important in split cord malformation cases to achieve total release
    Barutcuoglu, M; Selcuki, M; Selcuki, D; Umur, S; Mete, M; Gurgen, SG; Umur
    Split cord malformations (SCMs) are rare congenital anomalies of the vertebrae and the spinal cord. Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is a clinical condition of various origins that arises from tension on the spinal cord. Radiographic findings may include and/or associate split cord malformations and the other neural tube defects. However, the spinal cord can even be tethered by a filum terminale with normal appearance and normal level conus medullaris in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of our study is to show whether SMC patients with normal or abnormal MRI findings had all histological abnormal filum terminale and also to show that the standard SCM repairing operation without cutting filum will not achieve total release. We have reviewed 33 SCM patients between July 2005 and December 2013. They were operated by adding untethering procedure of filum terminale following standard surgical intervention, and a part of the filum was taken for histopathological examination even though MRI did not show the presence of abnormality of filum terminale. We found that abnormal filum terminale with a normal appearance may had dense collagen fibers, wide and numerous capillaries, and hyaline formation, while normal filum terminale is a mixture of collagen fibers and blood vessels. We did not obtain positive Verhoeff elastic fiber staining. The elastic fibers had disappeared in all fila terminalia, except control cadaver group. Our results showed that all fila of SCM patients had loss of elastic fibers and increased of hyalinization, which means loss of elasticity of filum terminale. Less severe traction may remain asymptomatic in childhood and present with neurological dysfunction later in life. For this reason, surgical procedure of SCM patients including releasing of filum terminale seems more beneficial for the patients and be better for long term.
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    Tethered Cord Syndrome in Adults: Experience of 56 Patients
    Selcuki, M; Mete, M; Barutcuoglu, M; Duransoy, YK; Umur, AS; Selcuki, D
    AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the results of surgery performed in a group of adult patients with tethered cord syndrome with their outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study included 56 patients. There were 38 females and 18 males. All patients were older than 18 years. RESULTS: The mean age at referral was 36 years and 1 month. The mean follow-up period was 10 months 27 days. 95% of all patients with back and leg pains improved and 5% remained the same. Three patients with motor deficits remained the same in the postoperative period. Of the 16 patients with urological complaints, 10 improved, 5 unchanged and 1 patient died in the postoperative first day due to pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSION: The syndrome of tethered cord may be a situation to be treated even in the elderly in case of normal level conus medullaris and filum terminale with a normal appearance as well as a low-lying conus and thick filum. To prevent overlooking the diagnosis of tethered cord and/or unnecessary spinal surgeries, the tethered cord syndrome should be remembered in the differential diagnosis list in the presence of back and leg pains, neurological deficits or urological complaints.
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    Cytotoxic Effects of Hypericum Perforatum on Glioblastoma Cells by Inducing Oxidative Stress, Autophagy and Apoptosis
    Mete, M; Unsal, UU; Collu, F; Aydemir, I; Kocamaz, E; Barutcuoglu, M; Gurcu, B; Karakayali, M; Tuglu, MI
    AIM: To identify the autophagy mechanism T98 glioma cells. MATERIAL and METHODS: Three groups were created with T98 human glioblastoma cells; Group 1: T98 glioma cells without treatment (Control group). Group 2: T98 glioma cells treated with 3 Nl/ml JWO. Group 3: T98 glioma cells treated with 6 Nl/ml JWO. The cell proliferation, oxidative stress, types of cell death were studied at IC50 dose of JWO. RESULTS: The proliferation of glioma cells was inhibited in 5.296 Nl/ml dose. JWO induced apoptosis in T98 glioma cells in comparison with the control and there was statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Apoptosis was analyzed via TUNEL method and results were checked by flow cytometry. We also investigated the effects of JWO on autophagy in T98 glioma cells by immunostaining LC3-II and MDC fluorescent stainings. The differences between JWO treated and control group were notably significant (p<0.001). The immunofluorescence staining resultsof LC3-II was confirmed by Western blotting analysis. CONCLUSION: JWO seems to be an effective treatment agent for glioblastoma. Not only does it induce apoptosis via oxidative stress but also affects the autophagy. The use of JWO in combination with other treatment options may increase the efficacy of treatment.
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    Histological and electroencephalographic demonstration of probiotic effect for reduce of oxidative stress and apoptosis in experimental traumatic brain injury
    Karakayali, EM; Kocamaz, E; Alpay, S; Onal, T; Oztatlici, M; Durusma, R; Ozel, HF; Mete, M; Barutcuoglu, M; Kutlu, N; Tuglu, MI
    BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota modulates nervous system function. In the literature, it has been shown that this modula-tion is used in many nervous system injuries through oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis mechanisms. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of probiotic (PB) treatment in a rat traumatic brain injury (TBI) model with histological and electroencephalographic (EEG) data.METHODS: Forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 was the control group (CONTROL, n=10) and no trauma was applied. Group 2 was the trauma group with the weight-drop technique (TBH, n=10). Group 3 was the sham group (SHAM), (TBH+sterile saline [SS], n=10) rats were given 500 mu L of SS per day by oral gavage. Group 4 was the PB treatment group, (TBH+PB, n=10) rats were treated daily for 7 days with 500 mu L of PB oral gavage. Brain samples were collected 7 days after trauma. Histopathological evaluation of brain samples was done with HE. OS with Endothelial nitric oxide synthase, vascularization with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, gliosis with S100, and apoptosis with caspase 3 were evaluated immunohistochemically. Apoptotic index was determined with TUNEL. In addition, EEG and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) recording findings were compared.RESULTS: It was determined by HE staining that there was a significant (P<0.001) damage in the TBI and sham groups compared to the control group. It was found that PB treatment provided a significant (P<0.01) improvement in the damage created. While OS (P<0.01), gliosis (P<0.01), and apoptosis (P<0.05) decreased with PB treatment, angiogenesis (P<0.01) increased. In support of these findings, in the software-mediated EEG and SUP examination; Delta wave power and theta/alpha ratio increased with TBI and de-creased with PB treatment.CONCLUSION: The results showed that PB treatment provided a significant improvement in rats by reducing OS, apoptosis, and gliosis and increasing vascularity. To the best of our knowledge in the literature, it was shown for the 1st time that histological results for the treatment of PB were supported by software-mediated EEG and SEP analysis.