Browsing by Author "Binboğa E."
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Item The Effects of Red Versus Blue Lights and Neuroticism on Voluntary Biceps Brachii Muscle Contraction(SAGE Publications Inc., 2019) Binboğa E.; Tok S.; Munzuroğlu M.; Canüzmez A.E.; Dal N.This study investigated the effects of red and blue monochromatic lights and neuroticism on athletes’ maximal isometric voluntary contraction (iMVC) level of the biceps brachii muscle. During elbow flexion, we measured iMVCs under a white light (control) condition and under red and blue light conditions. Under red light (vs. white and blue), participants demonstrated a greater iMVC level. Further, based on a median split of the athletes’ scores on Tatar’s Five Factor Personality Inventory, high and low neuroticism groups showed no red light differences, while, in the blue light condition, participants high in neuroticism increased the iMVC level by 4.04% and those low in neuroticism decreased iMVC level by 6.31%. Thus, the effect of colored light on athletes’ motor output varied with individual personality differences in neuroticism. © The Author(s) 2019.Item The effect of motivational climate and conscientiousness on athletes’ maximal voluntary contraction level of biceps brachii muscle(Springer, 2020) Tok S.; Dal N.; Doğan E.; Yaman Ç.; Binboğa E.We investigated the effect of induced motivational climates (a mastery climate and a performance climate) on maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) level of the biceps brachii muscle. We also aimed to explore whether motivational orientations, together with conscientiousness, are associated with MVC level in mastery and performance climate conditions. The sample consisted of 53 college student athletes ranging in age from 20 to 26. Participants first completed the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire and items relating to conscientiousness from the Short Form of the Five Factor Personality Inventory. Then, during isometric elbow flexion, MVCs were measured in a neutral condition. Afterwards, participants were informed of their MVC levels measured in the neutral condition via biofeedback software, and randomly assigned to either the mastery or the performance condition. Participants in the mastery climate condition were instructed to exceed their own highest MVC level observed in the neutral condition. In contrast, participants in the performance climate condition were instructed to exceed an unrealistic MVC level described as the best ever recorded so far. Results indicated that percentage change in MVC differed significantly between the mastery and performance climate conditions. Specifically, while there was a 13.5% increase in MVC value in the performance climate condition, there was an 8.8% decrease in the mastery climate condition. Results also showed that regardless of motivational climate, the percentage change in MVC was unrelated to motivational orientations and conscientiousness. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.Item The Short-Term Effect of Occupational Levels of 50 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Human Heart Rate Variability(Wiley-Liss Inc., 2021) Binboğa E.; Tok S.; Munzuroğlu M.Previous studies have indicated that there is no consensus on the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic (ELF-EMF) exposure on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to explore the short-term effect of ELF-EMF exposure on heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV). The sample consisted of 34 healthy males aged 18–27 years. The participants were randomly assigned to the EMF (n = 17) or the Sham group (n = 17). We employed a double-blind repeated-measures design consisting of three 5 min experimental periods. The chest region of each individual in the EMF group was exposed to 50 Hz, 28 μT, linear polarized, continuous EMF during the EMF exposure period. HR and HRV data were recorded continuously by using a photoplethysmography sensor. Within-subject statistical analysis indicated a significant HR deceleration in both the EMF and Sham groups. However, the standard deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), low-frequency (LF), and high-frequency (HF) powers increased only in the EMF group and remained stable in the Sham group. We also compared the same HRV indices measured during the EMF and Sham periods between the two experimental groups. The between-subject analysis results demonstrated significantly higher SDNN, RMSSD, LF, and HF values in the EMF group than in the Sham group. The LF/HF ratio did not change significantly within and between groups. On the basis of these results, we concluded that short-term exposure of the chest region to ELF-EMF could potentially enhance parasympathetic predominance during the resting condition. Bioelectromagnetics. 2021;42:60–75. © 2020 Bioelectromagnetics Society. © 2020 Bioelectromagnetics SocietyItem The effect of background audio and audiovisual stimuli on students' autonomic responses during and after an experimental academic examination(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2023) Balıkçı İ.; Tok S.; Binboğa E.Background: Due to the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown during the online-distant education period, certain students tended to combine their courses and homework with TV or social media news or other media content, such as classical music, including a wealth of audio and audiovisual stimuli. As the audio and audiovisual stimuli existing in a learning environment may affect students' autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses negatively, the present study aimed to monitor the impact of background TV, classical music, and silence on students' ANS activity represented by heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), blood volume amplitude (BVA), and skin conductance level (SCL) during and after an experimental academic examination. Method: Seventy-six students were randomly allocated to background TV, classical music, or silence groups. The experiment with repeated measures design consisted of four consecutive periods: baseline, anticipation, challenge, and recovery, lasting 4 min each. Results: Within-subject analyses indicated significant HRV decrement only in the background TV group. Regardless of the experimental groups, HR and SCL increased while BVA decreased during the task. In addition, the between-subject analysis showed that the background TV group experienced significantly larger changes in HR and HRV parameters compared to the other experimental groups relative to their respective baseline measurements. Conclusions: Based on these results, we concluded that relative to classical music and silence, background TV, including audiovisual and verbal stimuli, extant in a learning environment might raise students' sympathetic activity. Further, classical music, without lyrics, may suppress the withdrawal of vagal activity and elevate the autonomic regulation capacity during the academic reading comprehension task. HRV is a more valid and reliable indicator of students' autonomic responses during a challenging academic task. © 2023 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Item Comparison of Heart Rate Variability Psychological Responses and Performance in Virtual and Real Archery(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2024) Dal N.; Tok S.; Balıkçı İ.; Yılmaz S.E.; Binboğa E.Background: This study examines the psychophysiological differences between virtual reality (VR) and real archery. It explores whether VR archery induces heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and breathing rates similar to those experienced in real archery. Additionally, the study assesses differences in perceived anxiety, difficulty, confidence, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and shooting performance between the two modalities, providing insights into the efficacy of VR as a training tool for archery. Methods: Twenty-two (women: 8) individuals aged 20–24 participated in the study. We first recorded individuals’ resting HR, HRV, and breathing rates during baseline. Afterward, participants shot 10 real and virtual arrows from 18 m, whereas their HR, HRV, and breathing rate were measured, each lasting 4 min. Performance in VR and real archery was determined separately as the sum of the shots. We performed paired sample t-tests to compare individuals’ performance, psychological, and psychophysiological responses recorded during VR and real arrow shooting. Afterward, we compared percentage changes between VR and real archery. Results: Results showed that HR and root mean square of successive differences (RMMSD) were significantly higher during real archery compared to virtual archery. In addition, VR archery led to a greater percentage change in RMSSD compared to real archery. Participants reported greater RPE and perceived difficulty after real archery. Performance was also higher during VR archery than real archery. Conclusions: Consequently, the results of the present study illustrated that VR, and real archery might lead to different autonomic response patterns in terms of vagal activity. © 2024 The Author(s). Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.