MCBÜ Açıkerişim Sistemi :: Browsing by Author "Bozkurt M."

Browsing by Author "Bozkurt M."

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The distal fascicle of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament as a cause of anterolateral ankle impingement. Results of arthroscopic resection
(Scandinavian University Press, 1999) Akseki D.; Pinar H.; Bozkurt M.; Yaldiz K.; Araç S.
We arthroscopically resected the impinged distal fascicle of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) in 21 patients (mean age 31 (11-68) years, 14 women) with chronic ankle pain after an ankle sprain. Clinical tests revealed moderate laxity in 2 and severe laxity in another 2, the remaining 17 ankles showing only mild laxity. During arthroscopy, an impinging distal fascicle of the AITFL was found in all cases. Following anterolateral synovectomy, the fascicle was excised. At the follow-up after mean 3 (2-4) years, good-to-excellent results were obtained in 17 patients. 19 patients were satisfied with the procedure and 17 patients returned to their previous level of activity. 2 patients who had mild laxity were graded as poor because of neuromas of the terminal branches of the superficial peroneal nerve. These patients became asymptomatic after an injection of steroids.
Comparison of four evaluation systems used for ankle injuries; [Ayak bilegi hastaliklarinda dört farkli degerlendirme yönteminin karşilaştirilmasi.]
(2002) Akseki D.; Pinar H.; Bozkurt M.; Yaldiz K.
OBJECTIVES: Unlike the knee and shoulder, no widely accepted scoring system exists for the ankle joint. The aim of this study was to compare the results of diverse scoring systems used in ankle injuries. METHODS: We compared the results of four evaluation systems used for the ankle including those proposed by (i) Meislin et al. (ME), (ii) Martin et al. (MA), (iii) Kaikkonen and Kannus (KK) and (iv) a modified Bray's system (B). With the use of these evaluation systems we assessed the results of (i) 21 patients who underwent arthroscopic treatment for anterolateral impingement of the ankle, (ii) 17 patients who underwent surgical treatment for bimalleolar ankle fractures, and (iii) 22 patients receiving conservative treatment for grade 2-3 lateral ankle sprains. Statistical analyses were made using the chi-square test. RESULTS: The four scoring systems yielded similar results ranging from 23% to 33% in three groups, whereas conflicting results were obtained in the remaining cases (67% to 77%). The scores indicating poor outcomes were the highest with the ME and MA systems which included more subjective criteria. Similarly, the number of excellent results were significantly lower in these two systems than those of B and KK (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Due to the high incidence of conflicting results between the scoring systems used, any particular patient may be rated as fair with one system and excellent with another. A standard ankle scoring system requires the inclusion of objective, subjective, and functional criteria, with each patient being evaluated according to individual activity levels as well.
The effect of an essential oil combination derived from selected herbs growing wild in Turkey on broiler performance
(South African Bureau for Scientific Publications, 2003) Alçiçek A.; Bozkurt M.; Çabuk M.
One thousand two hundred and fifty sexed day-old broiler chicks obtained from a commercial hatchery were divided randomly into five treatment groups (negative control, antibiotic and essential oil combination (EOC) at three levels) of 250 birds each. Each treatment group was further sub-divided into five replicates of 50 birds (25 male and 25 female) per replicate. The oil in the EOC was extracted from different herbs growing in Turkey. The EOC at 24, 48 or 72 mg/kg diet and an antibiotic at 10 mg avilamycin/kg diet were added to the basal diet. There were significant effects of dietary treatments on body weight, feed intake (except at day 42), feed conversion ratio and carcass yield at 21 and 42 days. Body weights were significantly different between the treatments. The birds fed the diet containing 48 mg essential oil/kg were the highest, followed by those receiving the diets containing 72 mg essential oil/kg, the antibiotic, the negative control and the 24 mg essential oil/kg at day 42, respectively. From 1 to 21 and 1 to 42 days of age, feed conversion ratios were improved significantly by the supplementation with 48 and 72 mg essential oil/kg diet. The feed intakes were significantly different between the treatments at 21 days, but not at 42 days. Supplementation in excess of 48 mg EOC/kg had no additional beneficial effect on body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield. The EOC, a feed additive of natural origin, may be considered as a potential growth promoter in broiler production.
The evaluation of the proximal tibiofibular joint for patients with lateral knee pain
(Elsevier, 2004) Bozkurt M.; Yilmaz E.; Akseki D.; Havitcioglu H.; Günal I.
In contrast to important functions of the proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ), there appear a few clinical and radiological studies concerning the PTFJ pathologies. Although almost all of the joints have been investigated in detail by MRI, review of the literature reveals none on the pathologies of PTFJ. Thirty-eight knees of 32 patients with lateral knee pain were evaluated clinically and radiologically. All had tenderness over the PTFJ and lateral hamstring tightness. MRI examination revealed effusion of the PTFJ in 22 knees and partial ruptures of anterior or posterior tibiofibular ligament, lateral collateral ligament or biceps femoris tendon in 25 knees. All patients were treated by manipulative physiotherapy of the PTFJ and strengthening and stretching exercises of the surrounding structures. All patients were followed-up 12-36 months (mean 28 months) after the treatment protocol, and complete relief of the symptoms was recorded in 28 of the 38 knees. Although spontaneous pain was not present in five patients, there was tenderness over the PTFJ by palpation. No change in the symptoms was recorded in five patients. These results suggest that PTFJ pathologies should be kept in mind in the evaluation of lateral knee pain and MRI examination provides useful information. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Effect of phytase supplementation of diets with different levels of phosphorus on performance and egg quality of laying hens in hot climatic conditions
(South African Bureau for Scientific Publications, 2004) Çabuk M.; Bozkurt M.; Kirkpinar F.; Özkul H.
Four hundred and eighty 54-week old Nick-Brown hens were assigned to four dietary treatments. Each treatment consisted of four replications of 10 cages (three hens per cage). The experimental diets were: 4.5 g available phosphorus (aP)/kg without phytase (control); 4.5 g aP/kg with phytase; 3.0 g aP/kg without phytase; 3.0 g aP/kg with phytase. Commercial microbial phytase, Natuphos®, was added at 300 phytase unit (FTU) /kg diet. Diets were isonitrogenous (16.5% crude protein) and isoenergetic (11.5 MJ, ME/kg). Criteria evaluated included egg production, feed consumption, feed conversion, proportion of cracked/broken eggs, egg weight, eggshell weight, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness and body weight. Phytase supplementation to the control diet (4.5 g aP/kg) and the low 3.0 g aP/kg diet significantly increased hen-day egg production from 75.49 to 77.96% and from 64.59 to 76.54%, respectively. Average daily feed consumption was significantly different between treatments: Phytase supplementation to the control and the 3.0 g aP/kg diets increased daily feed consumption significantly from 101.31 to 103.43 g/day and from 95.24 to 101.69 g/day, respectively. There were no significant differences between the treatments in eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength and cracked/broken eggs. Phytase supplementation to the control (4.5 g aP/kg) and the 3.0 g aP/kg diets increased egg weight significantly from 62.66 to 64.32 g. and from 62.49 to 63.98 g, respectively. The beneficial effects of phytase supplementation to laying hen diets were clearly evident under the high ambient temperatures pertaining to this study. Hens consuming the 3.0 g aP/kg diet with phytase performed as well as hens fed the diet containing 4.5 g aP/kg without phytase.
Effect of Yucca schidigera and natural zeolite on broiler performance
(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2004) Çabuk M.; Alçiçek A.; Bozkurt M.; Akkan S.
The effects of dietary supplementation of Yucca schidigera and natural zeolite on broiler performance, ammonia concentration of broiler house, litter moisture, fecal dry matter and fecal crude ash were investigated. One day-old, nine hundred and sixty unsexed broiler chicks obtained from a commercial hatchery were divided into 4 treatment groups of 240 birds each. Birds were randomly assigned to the four treatment diets, consist of control, 15 g natural zeolite/kg, 25 g natural zeolite/kg and 120 mg Yucca schidigera /kg. Body weights of birds were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatments, birds fed on diet containing 120 mg Yucca schidigera /kg being the highest and this treatment was followed by chicks fed diet control at days 21 to 42 and 42nd day. Feed conversion ratio was not affected by the supplementation of Yucca schidigera and natural zeolite at days 21 to 42. From 21 to 42 and 42nd day of age, the feed intake was not significantly different between the treatments. Ammonia concentration of house was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by adding Yucca schidigera and natural zeolite to diet. The supplementation of Yucca schidigera and natural zeolite to the diet reduced significantly (P<0.01) fecal dry matter and crude ash. On the other hand, dry matter of the broiler litter and livability were not affected by treatments. It can be concluded that the supplementation of Yucca schidigera to the diet reduced ammonia concentration in broiler house, fecal dry matter and crude ash without any adverse effect of broiler performance. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2004.
The effect of dietary inclusion of meat and bone meal on the performance of laying hens at old age
(South African Bureau for Scientific Publications, 2004) Bozkurt M.; Alçiçek A.; Çabuk M.
The effect of the inclusion of meat and bone meal (MBM) in the diet of old laying hens on their egg production and the quality of their eggs was investigated. Meat and bone meal containing a high concentration of ash and a low concentration of crude protein was included at levels of 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0% in the diets and fed for 20 weeks. Forced moulted 84-week old laying hens (Brown-Nick) were divided randomly into four treatment groups of 120 hens each. The inclusion of 2.0% MBM to the layer diet increased hen-day egg production significantly, whereas inclusion in excess of 2.0% MBM had no additional beneficial effect on egg production. However, the inclusion of dietary MBM at all three levels depressed egg weight. There were no significant effects of dietary treatments on egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the hens. The specific gravity of the eggs from hens fed the control diet was significantly lower than from those receiving the diets containing 2.0 and 4.0% MBM. The Haugh Unit value of eggs in the 6.0% MBM treatment was significantly higher than the other treatments. There were no significant effects of MBM inclusion on yolk colour score, yolk height, eggshell thickness, eggshell weight and eggshell strength. However, MBM inclusion in a diet had a significant beneficial effect on eggshell quality. The eggshell ratios of the 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0% MBM treatments were significantly higher than in the control diet, while the cracked/broken egg ratio was significantly lower. In conclusion, inclusion of MBM containing a high ash and low crude protein content to conventional maize-soya bean diet improved egg production performance of laying hens. The dicalcium phosphate level in the diet could also be reduced without any adverse effects on egg production and egg quality.
The effect of a mixture of herbal essential oils, an organic acid or a probiotic on broiler performance
(South African Bureau for Scientific Publications, 2004) Alçiçek A.; Bozkurt M.; Çabuk M.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with an essential oil mixture, a commercially available organic acid and a probiotic on growth performance and carcass yield of broilers. One thousand two hundred and fifty sexed one day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into five treatment groups of 250 birds each (negative control, organic acid, probiotic and essential oil mixture (EOM) at two levels). Each treatment group was further sub-divided into five replicates of 50 birds (25 male and 25 female) per replicate. The oil in the EOM was extracted from different herbs growing in Turkey. An organic acid at 2.5 g/kg diet, a probiotic at 1 g/kg diet and the EOM at 36 mg and 48 mg/kg diet were added to the basal diet of the birds. There were significant effects of dietary treatments on body weight gain, feed intake, carcass yield and intestinal weight of the broiler at 42 days of age. At day 42, birds fed the diet containing 36 mg EOM/kg showed the highest body weight gain. This was followed by chicks on the diet containing 48 mg EOM/kg, the probiotic, the organic acid and the negative control, in descending order. The addition of the essential oil mixture to the diet improved the feed conversion ratio significantly as compared to the negative control and the organic acid treatment. The feed intakes at days 21 and 42 were significantly different between the treatments. The addition of 48 mg EOM/kg increased carcass yield significantly above the other treatments, while the addition of EOM and the organic acid reduced the intestinal weight significantly. It was concluded that the supplementation of the herbal essential oil mixture to broiler diet had beneficial effects on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield. © South African Society for Animal Science.
The Effect of Microbial Phytase in Broiler Grower Diets Containing Low Phosphorus, Energy and Protein
(2006) Bozkurt M.; Çabuk M.; Alçiçek A.
One thousand two hundred and fifty sexed 21 day-old commercial broilers (Ross-308) were randomly divided into five dietary treatment groups of 250 broilers each. Each treatment group was further sub-divided into five replicates of 50 broilers (25 male and 25 female) per replicate. The treatments groups were control; low phosphorus; low phosphorus plus 500 FTU phytase/kg diet; low phosphorus, energy, protein; and low phosphorus, energy, protein plus 500 FTU phytase/kg diet. There were significant effects of dietary treatments on body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio at 21 to 42 days. The body weight and the body weight gain of the broilers fed the control and low phosphorus plus phytase diet were heavier than other treatment. Feed intake of broilers was not affected by the supplementation of phytase to the low phosphorus diet at 21 to 42 days. Feed conversion ratio of broiler fed on low phosphorus, energy and protein diet plus phytase was significantly better than that of broilers fed on low phosphorus, energy and protein diet. Neither phytase supplementation nor diet nutrient density and dietary phosphorus level had a significant effect on broiler mortality. The percentage of tibia ash and phosphorus was significantly increased by the addition of microbial phytase to low phosphorus, energy and protein diet. This study demonstrates that microbial phytase can compensate for reduced available phosphorus levels, but could not compensate for reduced dietary protein and energy. © 2006, Japan Poultry Science Association. All rights reserved.
Effect of a dietary essential oil mixture on performance of laying hens in the summer season
(South African Bureau for Scientific Publications, 2006) Çabuk M.; Bozkurt M.; Alçiçek A.; Çatli A.U.; Başer K.H.C.
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplements of either an essential oil mixture (EOM) or a mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) as alternatives to an antibiotic feed additive (avilamycin) for layers kept under hot summer conditions. Four hundred and eighty 54-week old Nick-Brown hens were assigned to four dietary treatments. Each treatment consisted of four replications of 10 cages (three hens per cage). The treatment groups were: 1) Control: Basal diet without additive; 2) Basal diet plus antibiotic (10 mg avilamycin/kg feed); 3) Basal diet plus 1 g MOS/kg feed; 4) Basal diet plus 24 mg EOM/kg feed. Performance of laying hens was affected by dietary treatments. Dietary supplementation of EOM and MOS significantly increased egg production compared with control and antibiotic groups. There were no significant differences in feed consumption between treatments. The EOM significantly improved feed conversion ratio above that of the control group. Egg weights were significantly different between treatments. Laying hens consuming MOS produced significantly lower egg weights than the other groups, while egg weights in the EOM, antibiotic and control groups did not differ significantly. Cracked-broken egg rate was decreased by dietary addition of EOM, MOS and antibiotic compared with the control. Number of deaths among hens was significantly affected by dietary treatments with the number of deaths in the MOS treatment being significantly lower than in the other treatments. The performance of laying hens during the summer season could be maintained with inclusions of EOM and MOS in the diet. © South African Society for Animal Science.
Effect of dietary fat type on broiler breeder performance and hatching egg characteristics
(Poultry Science Association, 2008) Bozkurt M.; Çabuk M.; Alçiçek A.
The effect of dietary fat type on broiler breeder performance was evaluated in the experiment. Three different fat sources (sunflower oil, fish oil, tallow) were supplemented into a corn-soybean meal-based broiler breeder diet. The control diet included no supplemental fat. All diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Feeding of experimental diets was initiated when breeders (Ross 508) were 22 wk old. Body weights of hens and males were not affected by dietary treatments during the experimental period. Tallow supplementation to breeder diet significantly decreased hen-day egg production and cumulative settable egg yield (P < 0.01) when compared with other treatments. Hens fed with tallow and sunflower oil-added diets produced significantly heavier settable eggs than control and fish oil treatments. However, settable egg weight of hens fed with fish oil was lower than other dietary treatments (P < 0.01). Egg yolk weight, albumen weight, and eggshell weight were not affected by dietary treatments. These data suggest that supplementation of different fat sources at a level of 1.5% to the corn-soybean meal diet may affect egg production performance, fertility, egg weight, chick weight, hatch of eggs set, and specific gravity without any adverse effects on body weight and settable egg characteristics. © 2008 Poultry Science Association, Inc.
Effect of an herbal essential oil mixture on growth, laying traits, and egg hatching characteristics of broiler breeders
(2009) Bozkurt M.; Alçiçek A.; Çabuk M.; Küçükyilmaz K.; Çatli A.U.
The effects of supplementing a basal diet with 2 levels of an essential oil mixture and an antibiotic on the growth, laying traits, and egg hatching charac-teristics of broiler breeders were examined in this study. Nine hundred sixty female and 128 male breeders at an age of 1 d old were randomly allocated to 16 replicates (i.e., 4 replicates of 4 dietary treatments) in a floor pen trial. Two levels of an essential oil mixture (EOM; i.e., 24 and 48 mg of EOM/kg of diet) and an antibiotic (i.e., l0 mg of avilamycin/kg of diet) were added to the basal starter, grower, and laying diets from 0 to 45 wk of age. Daily feed allocations were adjusted to produce a target BW and egg production rate of the breeders throughout the experimental period. The BW of the males and females were determined at 12, 21, and 45 wk of age. Livability during the growing and laying period was not affected by the dietary treatments. The fertility and hatchability of total eggs set were positive-ly affected by the supplementation of the EOM in the diet (P < 0.01). The hen-day egg production, hatching egg weight, settable egg ratio, hatching of fertile eggs, extra large egg rate, and proportion of chick weight to egg weight were not affected significantly. The higher level of EOM (48 mg/kg) added to the diet led to the hatching of the heaviest chickens; the lower level of EOM (24 mg/kg) and antibiotic treatments led to the hatching of the intermediate weight chickens, followed by the control treatment (P < 0.01). Hens given the lower level of EOM in their diets produced a higher number of settable eggs and chicks as compared with those of other treatments, whereas hens fed the control diet yielded the lowest total settable eggs and chicks throughout the experimental laying period (P < 0.05). The results of this study showed that supplementing diets with EOM improved fertility, the hatchability of total eggs set, total settable eggs, total chicks, and the chick weight of broiler breeders. © 2009 Poultry Science Association Inc.
Performance of layer or broiler breeder hens varies in response to different probiotic preparations
(2011) Bozkurt M.; Küçükyilmaz K.; Ayhan V.; Çabuk M.; Çatlil A.U.
The effect of three probiotic dietary supplements on the laying and reproductive performance of layer hens and broiler breeder hens was investigated. A total of four hundred and eighty, 22-week-old layer hens were given diets containing one of three probiotics (1 g/kg diet for each probiotics) from weeks 22 to 49. Seven hundred and twenty female and sixty-four male broiler breeders were also subjected to the same additive feeding procedure between 21 and 50 weeks of age. The layer hen and breeder trials were initiated simultaneously and performed in pens located in the same area. Either egg production rate or egg weight was affected by the microbial cultures administered. Body weight and mortality were not affected. Egg production rate, egg weight and egg mass benefited from some of the pro-biotics, while, overall, the probiotics led to significant improvements in the feed conversion rate of layer hens. All of the probiotic preparations decreased the cracked-to-broken egg ratio, compared to the untreated control group. One of the three probiotic supplements significantly improved the egg production rate and increased the settable egg and chick yield per hen in broiler breeders, whereas, overall, pro-biotics tended to decrease settable egg weight. Probiotics enhanced hatchability, but no beneficial effects were observed on fertility. Based on these findings, it can be said that the micro-bial cultures in the probiotic preparations exhibited host-specific and strain-specific differences in their activities as performance-enhancer feed additives, with improvements in some selected performance parameters. © M. Bozkurt et al., 2011.
Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide and herbal essential oil blend supplementation on performance and oxidative stability of eggs and liver in laying hens
(2012) Bozkurt M.; Tokuşǧlu O.; Küçükyilmaz K.; Akşit H.; Çabuk M.; Çatli A.U.; Seyrek K.; Çinar M.
The role of dietary supplemental mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) and an essential oil blend (EOB) on performance of laying hens, and susceptibility of egg yolk and hen liver to lipid oxidation were examined. Four hundred and thirty-two 52-week old Lohmann laying hens were divided into three groups and fed a basal diet containing no antioxidant as control (CNT), basal diet plus 1 g/kg MOS and basal diet with 24 mg/kg EOB, for a 10-week experimental period. Supplementation of diet with MOS and EOB improved egg production rate and eggshell weight, but did not influence other performance or egg quality traits. MOS and EOB provided higher antioxidant activity in egg yolk than the control regimen at all storage time periods. EOB also retained the oxidative stability of liver by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Liver antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px), were higher in birds fed the additives. MOS and EOB tended to increase serum glucose concentration (6.2% and 8.8%, respectively) while they slightly decreased triglycerides (11.0% and 4.8%, respectively) without affecting cholesterol level. Relative weight of pancreas and spleen were not affected by dietary treatments whereas diet supplemented with EOB significantly increased liver weight. The findings of this study suggest that EOB and MOS could act as free radical scavengers that enhance performance and also increase eggshell weight. © M. Bozkurt et al., 2012.
Influences of an essential oil mixture supplementation to corn versus wheat-based practical diets on growth, organ size, intestinal morphology and immune response of male and female broilers
(2012) Bozkurt M.; Küçükyilmaz K.; Çatli A.U.; Özyildiz Z.; Çinar M.; Çabuk M.; Çöven F.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diet type, supplementation diet with an essential oil mixture (EOM), and bird gender on the growth performance, carcass yield, internal organ weight, immune response, and small intestine histology of broiler chickens. To do this, a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement was designed. The variables used were: two diet types (based on either wheat or corn), 2 feed additives (with or without EOM), and gender (male or female). EOM supplementation in the diet decreased body weight in corn-fed male birds at Days 21 and 42, but not in those fed the wheat-based diet, signifying a diet × EOM × gender interaction. Cumulative feed intake was not influenced by either the diet type or EOM. The feed conversion ratio was not affected by diet type, whereas EOM improved feed conversion ratio over the 42-day growth period. Feeding birds on wheat decreased the carcass yield while it increased relative small intestine and large intestine weight. Relative weights of liver, bursa fabricius and serum infectious bursal disease (IBD) and Newcastle disease (ND) titers were not affected by any of the variables studied. EOM supplementation and feeding birds on corn increased jejunal villus height at both 21 and 42 days of age, while bird gender showed no effect. In general, EOM positively influenced body weight gain and efficiency of feed conversion in broiler chickens. Birds receiving the corn-based diet were more efficient in converting feed to body mass as compared to those fed on the wheat-based diet. © M. Bozkurt et al., 2012.
Effects of administering an essential oil mixture and an organic acid blend separately and combined to diets on broiler performance; [Einfluss des Einsatzes von Mischungen an ätherischen Ölen und organischen Säuren einzeln und in Kombination im Futter auf die Leistung von Broilern]
(2012) Bozkurt M.; Küçükyilmaz K.; Çatli A.U.; Çinar M.; Çabuk M.; Alçiçek A.
This study compares the performance-enhancing effects of adding an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP), a commercial organic acid blend (OAB), a commercial, herbal, essential oil mixture (EOM) and an OAB - EOM combination to feeding regimens of broiler chicks. The corn and soybeanbased basal diet was supplemented with three doses of one of the following additives: AGP (Avilamycin, 10 mg/kg diet), OAB (0.9, 1.8, 2.7 g/kg diet, respectively), EOM (12, 24, 36 mg/kg diet, respectively) and OAB - EOM combination. Diets were fed as mash to 3,300 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross-308) that were randomly assigned to 11 groups, each with six identical subgroups. Birds were studied until they were 42 days old. At 21 and 42 days of age, the body weights of broilers in all treatment groups were significantly heavier than the body weights (BWs) of broilers in the control group (P < 0.01). A similar disparity in body weight gain (BWG) was observed between 22 and 42 days (P < 0.05). The OAB, EOM and OAB - EOM supplements promoted significantly growth when incorporated into the diets of broiler starters and growers, even at low levels. Likewise, broilers that received the diet supplemented with AGP exhibited a much better growth rate and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than broilers that received the unsupplemented control diet (P < 0.05). Amongst the treatment groups, there were significant differences in feed conversion ratio (FCR) between 0 to 21, 22 to 42 and 0 to 42 day periods (P < 0.05). Throughout the experimental period, dietary supplementation with AGP, EOM and the OAB - EOM mixture significantly improved FCR, compared to the control treatment. The experimental treatments had no significant effect on the feed intake or mortality of broilers during the 42-day experimental period (P > 0.05). Gradually increasing the doses of OAB, EOM and the OAB - EOM mixture led to insignificant improvements in broiler performance, compared with their lower supplementation rates. In conclusion, introducing EOM into the diets of broiler diets either alone or in combination with OAB significantly improved body weight and feed efficiency of broilers without affecting mortality. Similar results were observed with AGP. Our results raise the prospect of replacing AGP with novel alternatives, such as OABs and EOMs. © Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
The long term effects of fairly low-level of supplemental fat on the productive performance of commercial layers
(2012) Bozkurt M.; Küçükyilmaz K.; Çabuk M.; Çatli A.U.
Laying hens were fed commercial diets added with supplemented fat (SFAT) at 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8% in order to study the long term dietary effects - on - their productive performance from 22 to 75 wk of age. Five hundred and seventy six Single Comb White Leghorn hens were assigned to one of the four dietary treatments. The experimental phase consisted of three periods of 18 wk each. The final body weight and gain of hens fed on diets with SFAT at 1.2% and 1.8% were lower (p<0.05) than those hens given no SFAT. The SFAT at the 1.2% and 1.8% levels improved egg production rate, egg weight and mass, as well as FCR. Mortality and feed consumption were not affected by dietary SFAT. Administration of a diet with SFAT significantly decreased the cracked-broken egg ratio (p<0.01). The beneficial effects of SFAT on egg production performance were particularly more pronounced at intermediate and later ages. Hence, SFAT by period interactions were significant for all traits studied except feed intake. Hens fed SFAT deposited significantly higher abdominal fat than those on the no-SFAT diet. As a result, SFAT at 1.2% and 1.8% inclusion levels provided benefits in terms of efficient table egg production.
Long-term effects of dietary supplementation with an essential oil mixture on the growth and laying performance of two layer strains
(2012) Bozkurt M.; Küçükyilmaz K.; Pamukçu M.; Çabuk M.; Alçiçek A.; Çatli A.U.
One thousand two hundred 1-day-old Lohmann LSL white and Lohmann Brown layer chickens were fed diets supplemented with either an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) or an herbal essential oil mixture (EOM) till 58 wk of age to reveal the long-term effects of those additives on growth, performance and wholesome egg quality parameters. The study was arranged in a 2¥3 factorial design with two layer strains and three feed additive regimens. Thus, the layer birds of both strains were randomly assigned to the three dietary treatments, i.e., standard basal diet (control), control with AGP (specifically, avilamycin, 10 mg/kg diet) and control with EOM (24 mg/kg diet). The data regarding egg production were recorded between 22 to 58 weeks of age. Neither the dietary treatments nor the bird strain influenced the body weight and mortality of the birds in both the growing and laying period. AGP or EOM supplementation to the laying hen diet significantly increased the egg production rate and egg weight as compared to the control diet alone, but egg mass output, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio were not affected by the dietary treatments. Neither dietary treatment created any statistically significantly differences in egg quality parameters. The research findings have confirmed the beneficial effects of supplementation with feed-grade EOM on the laying rate and egg weight of both white and brown layers. Indeed, EOM, being a novel feed additive natural origin, proved to be as efficacious as AGP in promoting egg yield. © M. Bozkurt et al., 2012.
Effects of boron supplementation to diets deficient in calcium and phosphorus on performance with some serum, bone and fecal characteristics of broiler chickens
(2012) Bozkurt M.; Küçükyilmaz K.; Çath A.U.; Çinar M.; Çabuk M.; Bintaş E.
Three levels of boron (0, 30, 60 ppm) were supplemented in practical corn-soybean based starter and grower diets, containing either adequate or inadequate Ca or P. A total of 1, 800, 1-day-old sexed broiler chicks were assigned to six dietary treatments and fed with the experimental diets for 42 days. Boron improved the overall feed conversion ratio, but increased body weight only at 21 days of age (p<0.01). Boron decreased feed intake in the case of feeding on a diet deficient in Ca and P, and tended to increase feed intake when birds received a diet adequate in Ca and P, signifying significant boron by Ca-P interaction (p<0.01). Mortality was not influenced by boron (p>0.05). Dietary Ca and P deprivation reduced body weight and feed consumption significantly, but did not influence the feed conversion ratio and mortality (p>0.05). Serum Ca level, ALP and ALT activities were not influenced either by dietary Ca and P deficiency or boron supplementation. Serum P content increased with respect to boron at 30 ppm. Bone breakage strength was not affected by dietary variables. Tibia ash, Ca and P were increased in response to the supplementation diet with 30 ppm boron, whereas 60 ppm showed no effect in most cases. Accordingly, the dietary boron supplementation of 30 ppm significantly decreased fecal Ca and P excretion, while there was a numerical decline in the 60 ppm boron as compared to the 0 ppm boron group. Data presented herein indicated that boron, either at the 30 ppm or 60 ppm supplementation level, was effective in conversion of feed to body weight, whereas only boron at 30 ppm contributed to the mineralization of bone thereby augmenting more Ca and P while excreting less through faeces.
Effects of herbal essential oil mixture as a dietary supplement on egg production in quail
(2014) Çabuk M.; Eratak S.; Alçicek A.; Bozkurt M.
One hundred and eighty 7-week-old laying quail were fed various diets over a 12-week period. The diets included a control diet (without essential oil mixture (EOM) or antibiotics (ANTs)), a basal diet including EOM (24 mg/kg feed), and a basal diet including an ANT (avilamycin, 10 mg/kg feed). Each treatment comprised 4 replications with 4 cages (15 quail per cage), amounting to 60 quail per treatment group. Diets (in mash form) and water were provided for ad libitum consumption. EOM consisted of 6 different essential oils derived from the following herbs: oregano (Origanum sp.), laurel leaf (Laurus nobilis L.), sage leaf (Salvia triloba L.), myrtle leaf (Myrtus communis), fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare), and citrus peel (Citrus sp.). In comparison with the control diet, adding supplements such as EOM and ANTs to the basal diet increased egg production in quail (P < 0.001). However, egg production was similar between EOM and ANT treatment groups. Moreover, there were no differences between the treatment groups with regard to egg weight. Feed intake was not affected by EOM or ANT supplementation, whereas feed conversion ratio was significantly improved by EOM and ANT supplementation. Thus, we concluded that EOM has beneficial effects as a dietary supplement on egg production and feed conversion ratio. © 2014 Metin Çabuk et al.

Browsing by Author "Bozkurt M."

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