Browsing by Author "Cezayirli, E"
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Item Comparative morphometry of the lower lumbar vertebrae: Osteometry in dry bones and computed tomography images of patients with and without low back painVarol, T; Iyem, C; Cezayirli, E; Erturk, M; Kayalioglu, G; Hayretdag, CVarious factors affect the development of the vertebral canal. The dimensions of the vertebral canal and the intervertebral foramen can be altered by these factors before or after birth. Sex differences in dimensions have also been reported. When there is a stenosis of the vertebral canal or the intervertebral foramen, neural structures confined within them can be affected easily, resulting in symptoms. Using computed tomography images, we compared vertebral canal dimensions in 100 patients with low back pain and/or radiculopathy with those in 40 healthy, non-symptomatic controls. We also measured the dimensions of 275 dry bones. We found significant correlations among the variables in the live subjects. We found significant differences between patients and controls in the variables that were measured. Stenoses were more prevalent in females. Dry bone measurements showed some sex differences, and stenosis mainly in vertebrae L4, L5 and S1.Item Cell division and cellular morphology of the chick retinal pigmented epithelial cells in culture - A time-lapse analysisTuglu, I; Cezayirli, E; Vural, K; Gungor, K; Varol, T; Bekir, NObjective: To investigate the patterns of cell division, movement and shape during early stages of development of the chick embryo retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells and to evaluate the morphology of dissociated embryonic cells with regard to their proliferation capacity. Methods: We conducted this study at the Department of Histology and Embryology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey, between 2002 and 2003. We isolated the cells from chick embryos. We analyzed the images of the embryonic cells originated from neuroepithelia using a computer-based time-lapse acquisition system attached to a differential interference contrast microscope. Results: Retinal pigmented epithelial cells, despite being dissociated, depict a colony-type growth. Cells in the periphery of the colony and those outside the colony showed a tendency to proliferate and migrate and retained contact with the neighboring cells during division. Characteristics of cytokinesis were separation from the neighboring cell while retaining an attachment point, became rounded, moved up and started to shake and ascend to disseminate to the substrate to complete the division. The round-up stage was non-significantly shorter when the cell was closer to the center of the colony. Cells that were in the periphery of, or outside the colony had a round-up time of over one hour while cytokinesis-to-adhesion time was around 5 minutes. However, when we found the cells in the center of the colony, the times were half-an-hour and 1.5 hours for the daughter cells, a 2-fold difference between daughter cells with regard to the duration of attachment. Conclusion: Cell division, migration and proliferation are complex procedures influenced by growth factors, cell adhesion, matrix molecules underneath and the signal mechanisms and can be studied in detail using time-lapse microscopy, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy.Item Morphometry of the cervical vertebral pedicles as a guide for transpedicular screw fixationKayalioglu, G; Erturk, M; Varol, T; Cezayirli, EAnatomical measurements of the cervical pedicle in a large series of human cervical vertebrae from 48 individuals were obtained to reduce the incidence and severity of complications caused by transpedicular screw placement. The greatest pedicle length was at C-3 and the greatest pedicle width was at C-6. Pedicle width and lateral mass thickness gradually increased from C-3 to C-6. Pedicle height and interpedicular distance increased from C-3 to C-5, and decreased slightly at C-6. The lateral mass-pedicle length was greatest at C-4. The present study found right-left differences for the pedicle-spinous process distance at C-6 (p < 0.05). Pedicle width and height were smaller than those reported in earlier studies, especially at C-3 and C-4, whereas the increasing pedicle widths at C-5 and C-6 were appropriate for pedicle screw fixation.Item In Vitro Effects of Culture Medium and Serum on Germ Cells in Testis and Epididymis of Male Wistar RatsCezayirli, E; Tuglu, MI; Vural, K; Varol, TThe present study was designed to examine the influence of culture media and serum on survival of in vitro rat sperms. The effects of different culture media with or without 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) on spermatids and spermiums of Wistar rats were assessed in vitro between 2004 and 2005. Spermatozoa were cultured in Gamete-20, RPMI-1640, alphaMEM (AMEM), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and Eagle's MEM (MEM). The number and morphology of cells was recorded at 4 and 24 h. Under all conditions the number and the viability of the cells decreased with time but parameters were positively affected by the presence of FBS. Viability rates of spermatids and spermatozoa reduced at 24 h of culturing. The survival and morphology were the best in RPMI with serum and worst in MEM without serum. These results indicate that different composition of culture media and FBS are important for maturation and survival of spermatozoa. Carefully selected culture media can play important roles in the generation of functional sperms as well as in the success of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures.Item Comparison of blood brain barrier permeability in normal and ovariectomized female rats that demonstrate right or left paw preferenceKutlu, N; Mutlu, F; Vural, K; Cezayirli, EWe explored the relations among paw preference, cerebral asymmetry and asymmetrical disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in normal and ovariectomized female rats with known paw preference. A high dose of pentylenetetrazol was used to disrupt the BBB and induce acute hypertension. To determine the areas of macroscopic infarct, samples were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Histological staining techniques were used to show the areas of infarct microscopically on paraffin sections. Sixty-two percent of the rats demonstrated right paw preference, 24% demonstrated left paw preference and 14% were ambidextrous. Areas of infarct, which indicated destruction of the BBB, were determined microscopically and macroscopically in rats that demonstrated right and left paw preference. We found a relation between permeability of the BBB and paw preference. There may be a relation between paw preference, cerebral asymmetry and asymmetrical destruction of the BBB in rats. Asymmetrical destruction of the BBB in experimental rats was similar to the control group, which had asymmetrically disrupted BBB with respect to paw preference. Like the control rats, asymmetrical areas of infarct consistent with cerebral asymmetry were observed in ovariectomized rats.Item Relation between foot pain and plantar pressure in pregnancyVarol, T; Göker, A; Cezayirli, E; Özgür, S; Tuç Yücel, ABackground/aim: Hormonal and structural changes that occur during pregnancy cause alterations in body biomechanics. These alterations reach their peak in the last trimester. Adaptive changes that appear in the foot result in pain in the foot and ankle. Pedobarography is a noninvasive measurement method that can be used to understand the origin of such pain. Materials and methods: One hundred and thirty-one pregnant women who did not have a foot or ankle problem prior to pregnancy volunteered to take part in the study. Pain was quantified by a visual analog scale (VAS). A cut-off value of 2.95 was taken to divide the subjects into two groups: Group 1 (n = 70) with VAS scores of < 2.95 and Group 2 (n = 61) with VAS scores of = 2.95. Plantar pressure measurements were taken by Tekscan HR Mat using midgait protocol. \ Results: Forces experienced by the total right foot area, right forefoot, and the midfoot for both feet were significantly higher in Group 2 (P < 0.05). Contact area was significantly larger in Group 2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Results indicate that presence and severity of foot pain during pregnancy are related to the force distribution along the foot, especially at midfoot and the contact area.Item Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of pain after nociceptive stimuli in rat spinal cordMete, M; Vural, K; Cezayirli, E; Varol, T; Tuglu, MIPurpose: In this study, we examined the responses of the neurons in the lumbar segments of the spinal cord to nociceptive stimuli induced by formalin using c-fos immunohistochemistry and NADPH-d histochemistry Materials and Methods: Thirteen male, Wistar albino rats were used. The rats were divided into 3 groups. Group 1: pain group (n=5). Group 2: sham group (n=5). Group 3: control group (n=3). In group 1, 50 mu l of 30% formalin solution was injected subcutaneously unilaterally on the dorsal surface of the right foot. In group 2, phosphate buffered saline was injected subcutaneously unilaterally on the dorsal surface of the right foot. In group 3, no treatment was given. For each group lumbar spinal cord (SC) samples were taken. Samples were stained with c-fos and NADPH-d histochemistry and c-fos/NADPH-d double-labeling methods and evaluated under light microscope. Results: We noted that cells on spinal cord sections stained with c-fos, NADPH-d and both became prominent with nociceptive stimuli. There were significant increases in the numbers of c-fos (+), NADPH-d (+) and double-labeled cells in pain group comparison to sham group. In group 1, NADPH was significantly increased in the Laminae I-IV of the lumbar segments of the SC on both sides and laminae VIII, IX and X on the same side. Conclusion: The findings suggest that NO is associated with formalin-induced FOS-ir in the spinal cord, that it may play an important role in the regulation of pain and that the nociceptive function is related to increased nitric oxide synthase (+) neurons in the spinal cord.