Browsing by Author "Döşkaya M."
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Item Three atypical pulmonary hydatidosis lesions mimicking bronchial cancer from Turkey(2009) Kilinç O.; Döşkaya M.; Ayşin S.; Yorgancioǧlu A.; Halilçolar Ḧ.; Caner A.; Gürüz Y.Hydatid disease is endemic in Turkey. Echinococcus granulosus causes cystic echinococcosis mostly in the liver and lung. Although pulmonary hydatid cysts can be diagnosed by clinical and radiological findings, atypical or complicated lung lesions may be misdiagnosed. In the present study, three cases with hemoptysis and atypical lung lesions were diagnosed and treated as lung cancer or tuberculosis based on the clinical and laboratory findings along with the imaging data and fiberoptic bronchoscopy evaluation. Eventually, pathological examination of the bronchoscopic biopsy material confirmed the definitive diagnosis as pulmonary hydatidosis. The three patients presented herein emphasize the importance of considering pulmonary hydatid disease in the definitive diagnosis of atypical lung lesions such as bronchial carcinoma in echinococcosis endemic areas.Item Comparison of immune responses elicited by adjuvanted tachyzoite lysate vaccines developed from two different toxoplasma gondii strains isolated in Turkey; [Türkiye'de ïzole edilen i̇ki farkli toxoplasma gondii suşundan üretilen adjuvanli takizoit eriyik protein aşilarinin uyardiǧi immün yanitlarin karşilaş tirilmasi](Ankara Microbiology Society, 2013) Polat C.; Sultan Gülçe I.Z.; Döşkaya M.; Hüseyin C.A.N.; Caner A.; Deǧirmenci A.; Balcan E.; Gürüz Y.Toxoplasma gondii the causative agent of toxoplasmosis is an obligate intracellular parasite with a wide host range including all warm-blooded animals and birds. T.gondii infection causes congenital toxoplasmosis in newborns and this may lead to fetal anomalies, retinochoroiditis leading to blindness, lethal toxoplasmic encephalitis in immune compromised patients, and organ failure in transplantation patients. The pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis change due to differences in the specific immune response elicited by diverse T.gondii strains. The protective immunity against toxoplasmosis is conferred by cellular immune responses. In the present study, two different strains isolated from Turkey named T.gondii Ankara and Ege were used to evaluate the types of humoral and cellular immune responses elicited by adjuvanted tachyzoite protein vaccines in an animal model. In the study, 6-8 weeks old female BALB/c mice were used and six study groups (each contains three mice) were composed for vaccination. The first and second groups were vaccinated with T.gondii Ankara and Ege (TAnkPE and TEgePE, respectively) tacyhzoite lysates, the third and fourth groups were vaccinated by tacyhzoite lysates adjuvanted with Freund's adjuvant (TAnkPE-Freund; TEgePE-Freund, respectively). The fifth and sixth groups were vaccinated with PBS and Freund's adjuvant as controls. Immunization of the animals was performed two times at three weeks intervals. The serum samples were collected before vaccination and after each vaccination to determine the IgG response by Western blotting, and IgG1 and IgG2a responses by ELISA. To determine the cellular immune response, CD8/CD4 cell ratio, intracellular IFN-y and IL-4 levels were determined in stimulated spleen cells grown in cell culture systems by flow cytometry. Toxoplasma IgG antibodies were only detected in TAnkPE-Freund group. IgG1 and IgG2a responses did not increase in any vaccination groups and there was not any polarization towards IgG1 or IgG2a. There was no significant increase in CD8/CD4 ratio of stimulated spleen cells. IFN-y level was increased in only TAnkPE-Freund vaccination group, however IL-4 levels were increased in TAnkPE-Freund, TEgePE-Freund and TEgePE groups. Our data showed that TAnkPE-Freund vaccine led to increase in IgG and IFN-y responses in BALB/c mice, however, tachyzoite lysate vaccines developed in this study did not induce sufficient protective immune response against toxoplasmosis. Thus, use of specific immunogenic proteins must be taken into consideration in the future vaccine development studies against toxoplasmosis.Item In vitro anti-leishmanial activity of Sarcopoterium spinosum against Leishmania tropica; [Sarcopoterium spinosum’un Leishmania tropica’ya karşı in vitro anti-leishmanial etkisi](Chartered Inst. of Building Services Engineers, 2018) Can H.; Kayalar H.; Bozkurt B.; Can Ş.; Döşkaya M.; Töz S.Complex clinical symptoms such as ulcerative skin lesions, destructive mucosal inflammation, and disseminated visceral infection can reveal in leishmaniasis. The conventional drugs are toxic and expensive. In addition, patients receive a long treatment with these drugs which have adverse effects and unfortunately there are some limitations during the treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro anti-leishmanial activities of four different extracts of Sarcopoterium spinosum against Leishmania tropica. Initially, different concentrations of ethanol, methanol, n-hexane, and water extracts of S. spinosum were incubated with L. tropica promastigotes. After 72 hours of incubation, the growth of L. tropica promastigotes was significantly inhibited and the percentage of inhibition ranged between 42.8 and 100 %. Among these extracts, the most efficient growth inhibition (100 %) was obtained with methanol extract (at a dose of 50 µg/ml). In conclusion, S. spinosum may be a potential source for the development of novel therapeutic agents to treat L. tropica infection. © 2018, Chartered Inst. of Building Services Engineers. All rights reserved.Item Prevalence of toxoplasmosis and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated in wild birds of prey and their relation with previously isolated strains from Turkey(Public Library of Science, 2018) Karakavuk M.; Aldemir D.; Mercier A.; Şahar E.A.; Can H.; Murat J.-B.; Döndüren Ö.; Can Ş.; Özdemir H.G.; Döşkaya A.D.; Pektaş B.; Dardé M.-L.; Gürüz A.Y.; Döşkaya M.Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoon parasite that causes congenital toxoplasmosis, as well as other serious clinical presentations, in immune compromised humans. Analyses of the prevalence and genotyping of strains from the definitive host and intermediate hosts will help to understanding the circulation of the different strains and elucidating the role of the genotype (s) in human toxoplasmosis. Turkey has a specific geographic location bridging Africa, Europe, and Asia. We hypothesized that T. gondii strains may have been transferred to Turkey from these continents via migratory birds or vice versa. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in wild birds of prey of İzmir and Manisa provinces as well as genetically characterize T. gondii strains from these wild birds to show the relation between bird strains and neighboring stray cats as well as human strains previously isolated in Turkey. Tissues obtained from 48 wild birds were investigated for the presence of T. gondii DNA and then bioassayed in mouse. Isolated strains were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers. The prevalence of T. gondii DNA was found to be 89.6% (n: 43/48) in wild birds. Out of 43 positive samples, a total of 14 strains were genotyped by 15 microsatellite markers. Among them, eight were type II, three were type III and three were mixture of genotypes (two type II/II and one was II/III). These are the first data that showed the presence of T. gondii and types II and III genotypes in wild birds of Turkey. Moreover, Africa 1 was not detected. In addition, cluster analysis showed that T. gondii strains within type II and III lineage have close relation with strains previously isolated from stray cats in İzmir. Further studies are required to isolate more strains from human cases, other intermediate hosts, and water sources to reveal this relation. © 2018 Karakavuk et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Item Cryptosporidium spp. During chemotherapy: A cross-sectional study of 94 patients with malignant solid tumor(King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 2021) Karabey M.; Can H.; Öner T.Ö.; Döşkaya M.; Alak S.E.; Döşkaya A.D.; Karakavuk M.; Köseoğlu A.E.; Ün C.; Gürüz A.Y.; Alacacıoğlu A.; Pektaş B.; Gül A.; Kaya S.; Gökmen A.A.BACKGROUND: Cryptosporidium spp. is a protozoan parasite that infects many vertebrate animals, including humans. Since Cryptosporidium spp. can cause chronic life-threatening diarrhea and severe malabsorption in immunocompromised patients, we investigated the prevalence of this parasite among patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignant solid tumors. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in stool samples. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Tertiary care. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Stool samples were collected from adult patients with malignant solid tumors receiving chemotherapy and diarrhea. Cryptosporidium spp. prevalence was determined using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, ELISA, and real-time PCR targeting of the COWP gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignant solid tumors. SAMPLE SIZE: 94 RESULTS: The prevalence was 2.1% (2/94), 5.3% (5/94), and 5.3% (5/94) as detected by Ziehl-Neelsen staining, real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. The prevalence reached 8.5% (8/94) using all results obtained from the three methods. Among eight positive stool samples, four were positive by at least two different methods (Ziehl-Neelsen staining-ELISA or ELISA-real-time PCR) whereas the remaining four were positive by either ELISA or real-time PCR. CONCLUSION: These findings show the risk of cryptosporidiosis in cancer patients and the necessity to use at least two diagnostic methods during the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis to reach more accurate and trustworthy results. LIMITATIONS: Further studies with a larger sample size are recommended. Copyright: Copyright © 2021, Annals of Saudi Medicine, Saudi Arabia. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialNoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND). The details of which can be accessed at http://creativecommons. org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/Item Molecular investigation of Blastocystis sp. and its subtypes in cancer patients under chemotherapy in Aegean region, Turkey(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Öncü Öner T.; Karabey M.; Can H.; Değirmenci Döşkaya A.; Karakavuk M.; Gül A.; Köseoğlu A.E.; Döşkaya M.; Ün C.; Gürüz A.Y.; Kaya S.; Pektaş B.; Aksoy Gökmen A.Blastocystis sp. is a common enteric protist found in humans and many other animals. Although the clinical relevance of Blastocystis sp. is currently fully unknown for humans, the prevalence of Blastocystis and subtypes are investigated in immunocompetent individuals presenting with symptoms like diarrhea or immunocompromised individuals including cancer patients. In this comprehensive study, the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. and subtypes were investigated in patients (n=94) with different types of malignant solid tumors using PCR targeting SSU rDNA gene and sequencing. All patients were undergoing chemotherapy and had diarrhea. According to obtained results, 46 patients were found to be Blastocystis positive and the molecular prevalence was detected as 48.9%. Among the positive specimens, 43 (43/46; 93.5%) of them were successfully subtyped. ST4 was the most predominant subtype and detected in 24 (55.8%) patients, followed by ST1 (11 patients, 25.6%) and ST3 (8 patients, 18.6%). In the colon cancer group, which had the highest number of patients, Blastocystis sp. was detected with a higher prevalence rate of 61.5% compared with the prevalence rate (48.9%) of all patients. Interestingly, ST3 was not detected in any of this patient group in contrast to ST4 and ST1. In conclusion, high prevalence of the Blastocystis in the immunocompromised patient groups shows the susceptibility of this patient group against any other infectious agents. © 2022Item Molecular prevalence of Blastocystis sp. and subtype diversity in fecal samples collected from cattle in dairy farms in Turkey(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Öncü Öner T.; Karakavuk M.; Değirmenci Döşkaya A.; Güvendi M.; Gül A.; Köseoğlu A.E.; Erkunt Alak S.; Gürüz A.Y.; Ün C.; Döşkaya M.; Can H.Close contact with infected animals is one of the main risk factors for zoonotic transmission of enteric protozoan parasite Blastocystis and thus, several animal species are being screened for the detection of the zoonotic subtypes. For this purpose, 22 fecal samples were collected from healthy cattle aged > 2 months and 39 fecal samples were also collected from cattle (aged <2 months) which are treated with TMP-SMX due to diarrhea. Later, Blastocystis sp. and subtypes were investigated by a PCR targeting the SSU rRNA gene and subsequently by sequencing. Among the 22 fecal samples collected from healthy cattle, Blastocystis was detected in 12 of them with a prevalence rate of 54.5 %. Among Blastocystis-positive samples, five different subtypes (ST3, ST5, ST10, ST12, and ST13) were detected. The predominant subtype was ST10 (allele 152) with a prevalence rate of 50 % (6/12). In the other group treated with TMP-SMX due to diarrhea, Blastocystis was detected in only one (2.56 %;1/39) fecal sample and its subtype was ST1 (allele 2). High prevalence of Blastocystis as well as predominance of ST10 (allele 152) were detected in healthy cattle. The identification of zoonotic ST1, ST3, ST5 and ST12 subtypes among the detected subtypes with a high prevalence (46.1 %; 6/13) showed the importance of cattle as a source for transmission of Blastocystis to humans. It was observed that the efficiency of TMP-SMX on the clearance of Blastocystis in cattle was very strong. Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first study detecting Blastocystis ST13 subtype in the cattle. © 2022 Elsevier LtdItem Development of a “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP Test” to Detect Cryptosporidiosis in Feces of Newborns Calves(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Karakavuk M.; Can H.; Can Ş.; Karakavuk T.; Döşkaya M.; Değirmenci Döşkaya A.Background: Cryptosporidiosis is a disease that causes major intestinal damage in humans and animals. The causative agents of the disease are Cryptosporidium species. In newborn calves, diarrhea can lead to death, resulting in significant economic losses for the farms. Therefore, accurate, rapid, and cost-effective diagnosis of the disease is very important. Material and methods: In this study, a novel colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test named “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP test” targeting Cryptosporidium spp. 18S rRNA gene was developed to detect cryptosporidiosis in the feces of newborn calves. The analytical sensitivity of the test was determined by plasmid controls. Clinical sensitivity was determined using the feces of 127 calves collected from farms in İzmir and Manisa provinces. All of the samples were also investigated with Real-Time PCR targeting the Cryptosporidium spp. COWP gene. Cross-reactivity was tested using the DNA of other parasites and bacteria. Results: According to the results, the analytical sensitivity of the “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP test” was found as 1 copy plasmid/reaction. When the results were compared with the Real-Time PCR test, the sensitivity of the “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP test” was 100% and the specificity was 97.4%. The test did not cross-react with other parasites and bacteria. Conclusion: The “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP test” developed in this study provides an advantage in the diagnosis of Cryptosporidium spp. in calf stool samples since it can be applied in basic laboratories or in the field, does not require experienced personnel, and has high sensitivity. Moreover, diagnosis can be made with the naked eye without using any device. © The Author(s) 2024.Item Molecular prevalence and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in cancer patients under chemotherapy in Aegean region of Türkiye(BioMed Central Ltd, 2024) Aksoy Gökmen A.; Öncü Öner T.; Erkunt Alak S.; Koçkaya E.S.; Güvendi M.; Karabey M.; Alacacıoğlu A.; Pektaş B.; Değirmenci Döşkaya A.; Karakavuk M.; Döşkaya M.; Ün C.; Gürüz A.Y.; Kaya S.; Can H.Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common species found in humans. Although E. bieneusi has been investigated in humans, genotype profile of E. bieneusi is not known in Türkiye. Methods: In this study, we screened E. bieneusi in patients (n = 94) with different types of malignant solid tumors by Real Time PCR and then sequenced E. bieneusi positive samples. All cancer patients were undergoing chemotherapy and had diarrhea. Moreover, as control groups, we also screened E. bieneusi in patients with diarrhea (n = 50) and without diarrhea (n = 50). Results: Among all patients analyzed, 33 (17%) were found to be E. bieneusi-positive. As the patients were categorized, the molecular prevalence of E. bieneusi increased to 25.5% among cancer patients with diarrhea. However, the molecular prevalence of E. bieneusi was found to be lower in patients with presenting only diarrhea (8%) and patients without diarrhea (10%). The high molecular prevalence value detected among cancer patients with diarrhea was also statistically significant compared to other patient groups (P = 0.00112 and P = 0.0269). Among the 33 Real Time PCR positive samples, 10 of them were amplified by nested PCR and among these 10 samples, 6 of them were successfully genotyped. The phylogenetic tree showed the presence of D and Type IV which were also identified in stray cats living in İzmir in our previous study. Conclusions: High molecular prevalence value indicates the importance of screening stool samples of cancer patients with diarrhea for E. bieneusi and genotyping results indicate that D and Type IV are circulating between humans and cats. © The Author(s) 2024.Item Molecular prevalence and genetic characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in cattle in a dairy farm in Türkiye(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Öncü Öner T.; Can H.; Değirmenci Döşkaya A.; Güvendi M.; Erkunt Alak S.; Sürgeç E.; Ün C.; Döşkaya M.; Gürüz A.Y.; Karakavuk M.Background: Microsporidia, which are unicellular and obligate intracellular eukaryotic pathogens, can infect many animal species and humans. Cattle are known to be an important source for the spread of Enterocytozoon bieneusi (E. bieneusi) to humans and animals. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate E. bieneusi in fecal samples collected from cattle and environmental samples within a dairy farm and to genotype E. bieneusi-positive samples. For this purpose, a Nested PCR targeting a region of the E. bieneusi ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was applied to the DNA samples extracted from fecal (n = 47) or environmental samples (n = 41). Later, sequencing data belonging to E. bieneusi-positive samples were analyzed by BLAST and phylogenetic analysis for genotyping. Results: Nested PCR screening detected 15 E. bieneusi-positive samples and among them six (12.8%; 6/47) were detected in fecal samples while nine (21.9%; 9/41) were detected in environmental samples (including drinking water containers, mangers, feeding bottle, milk heating tank and towel). When cattle were categorized by their age, the molecular prevalence of E. bieneusi for cattle < 2 months old was detected as 19.2% (5/26). However, in cattle group > 2 months old, the molecular prevalence of E. bieneusi was 10% (1/10). Surprisingly, remaining cattle > 2 years old (n = 11) were found to be E. bieneusi-negative. BLAST and phylogenetic analyses revealed type IV as well as 11 new genotypes designated as NG1 to NG11. Conclusion: These findings point out that cattle and farms are important sources for the transmission of E. bieneusi spores to humans or animals. © The Author(s) 2025.