Browsing by Author "Demir F."
Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Depolitization of Bureaucracy: The Case of Central and Eastern European Countries(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2017) Demir F.Political parties worldwide seek to work with bureaucrats who are close to their programs, willing to cooperate, and concerted. On the other hand, there is a huge body of literature which argues that bureaucracy should be separate from politics and that it has to consist of public servants who are technically knowledgeable, expert, and also politically neutral. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe suffered from highly politicized public administrations under one-party regimes, and have struggled to separate their bureaucracies from politics since early 1990s. In view of the relation between politics and bureaucracy from the perspective of (de)politization, this paper looks into the changes that Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) have gone through after the institutionalization of multi-party regimes and tries to provide some generalizations. © 2016 Taylor & Francis.Item Post-NPM and re-centralisation: current themes in Europe and Turkey(Routledge, 2018) Demir F.Since 1980s, European Union countries have witnessed significant transformations as regards public management reforms. This era can be examined in two periods. Until mid-1990s the reforms were heavily influenced by the principles of new public management (NPM) paradigm whereas the second period of reforms was handled in the midst of intense criticism towards NPM. Today debate on public management reforms is omnipresent in the entire European Union. On the other hand, the EU requests candidate countries to put into practice public management reforms. The potential effectiveness of such demands is far from being clear in an environment where intense debates are ongoing over the path that public management reforms should take. Some studies show that there is increasing confusion on the direction of public management reforms especially after the 2008 economic crisis. In Turkey, reactionary measures were taken against NPM regulations which led to the fragmentation of central authority: independent regulatory agencies were put under tighter control of the government, and prime minister’s office and president’s office were expanded and reinforced. A closer look at these practices implicates that these steps are beyond fashioning an integrated administration as a response to the fragmentation in the central government. © 2017, © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Item Item Local Governance Reforms(Springer, 2020) Demir F.Centralization has been an essential element of Turkish political and administrative system since the Ottoman era. There is a vast literature showing that not much has changed after the proclamation of the republic, as local governments have most of the time perceived only as administrative extensions of central government (Mardin 1973; Heper 1974; Sayarı 1978; Ertürk 1980; Öniş 1997; Özbudun 2006; Röth et al. 2016). Local governance and decentralization had not been an explicit feature of policy agenda until 1999 when Helsinki summit paved the way for Turkey’s accession to the European Union (EU) when Turkey was declared as a candidate country. Having adopted this perspective, the government undertook an ambitious public and political reform program as regards implementation of European governance principles, including transparency, accountability and responsiveness, participatory government and effectiveness. The reform program included, among others, the reinforcement of local governance and the imposition of subsidiarity principle in the center–periphery relations. Literature implies that the Europeanization of the relations between political center and the periphery in terms of local and regional governance, which were unfamiliar terms to Turkish political scene before EU process, was imposed by EU bodies (Sözen and Shaw 2002, 2003; Cizre 2004; Heper 2005; Çayhan 2008; Türkmen 2008). However, this process was to show its impact only to the extent that the windows of political opportunity, as defined by Kingdon (1984), motivated the reformers to do so. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Regionalization Reforms(Springer, 2020) Demir F.Regionalization is one of the phenomena which occurred as a result of globalization. Regionalization does not mean that a super-state is to be founded and its government will replace the national government. Rather, side by side with the national government, some regional government agencies are created which would handle important issues and national government becomes less important in time (Ökmen and Canan 2009). © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Participatory Government(Springer, 2020) Demir F.The main purpose of policy making is the formulation of a solution to handle social issues. As frequently emphasized, public policy aims to solve a problem; therefore, goals are nothing more than a description of the ideal situation when the problem is solved. After a problem has arisen, the political forces of government, parliament and bureaucracy are responsible for developing different options and solutions to solve the problem addressed by public policy. The formulation and programming phase usually results in the adoption of normative decisions that change national or international law. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Europeanization Processes(Springer, 2020) Demir F.One of the most crucial processes in understanding the transformation of Turkish public administration in the twenty-first century is European Union accession talks. They have shaped the structuring and functioning of Turkish state apparatus at a level which can only be compared to the revolution which replaced the Ottoman Empire with the Republic. Europeanization can also be seen as a litmus test for possible convergence in the field of public administration. To a certain degree, the themes and topics of public administration studies are becoming similar due to European-scale laws and policies. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Administrative Procedures(Springer, 2020) Demir F.The word “procedure” is defined in the dictionary of the Turkish Language Institution as “the regular way to reach a goal, the way it is pursued, the method, style, and the way to achieve a certain result in science, the way followed by certain principles and rules”.(http://sozluk.gov.tr/) As a legal term, it is defined as the provisions and the paths to be followed in the preparation, execution or enforcement of a legislative or administrative act. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Re-centralization in Government(Springer, 2020) Demir F.Since 1980s, European Union countries have witnessed significant transformations as regards public management reforms. This era can be examined in two periods. Until mid-1990s the reforms were heavily influenced by the principles of new public management (NPM) paradigm whereas the second period of reforms was handled in the midst of intense criticism toward NPM. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Investigation of the role of stray cats for transmission of toxoplasmosis to humans and animals living in Izmir, Turkey(Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2021) Karakavuk M.; Can H.; Selim N.; Yesilsiraz B.; Atli E.; Sahar E.A.; Demir F.; Gül A.; Özdemir H.G.; Alan N.; Yalçin M.; Özkurt O.; Aras M.; Çelik T.; Can S.; Döskaya A.D.; Gürüz A.Y.; Döskaya M.Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that has a widespread distribution among mammalians and birds. One of the reasons for the high prevalence may be due to ingesting oocyst disseminated by stray cats' feces. In Turkey, most of the citizens are closely associated with stray cats and they love to pet and feed them on the streets. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii DNA in feces of stray cats living in Izmir, Turkey in order to identify the transmission potential to humans and other animals. Methodology: Feces and blood samples of 465 stray cats were investigated for the presence of T. gondii oocysts by microscopy and for the presence of T. gondii DNA by two real time PCR methods. Furthermore, serum samples were analyzed for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies using an ELISA. Results: Oocysts were detected in 0.43% of the stray cats by microscopy. T. gondii DNA was detected in 14.37% of the stray cats' feces samples. The seroprevalence rate was 37.84%. In the feces and/or blood PCR positive group, 35.89% of them were seropositive. Among the 176 seropositive cats, T. gondii DNA was detected in feces of 27 cats (15.34%). Conclusions: This study first time showed the inter relation of T. gondii DNA in feces and blood samples and seropositivity. In sum, over 14% of the stray cats living outdoor may have an important role in transmission of toxoplasmosis to humans in Izmir as well as to other animals. © 2021 Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. All rights reserved.Item Public management reforms in Turkey(National Research University, Higher School of Econoimics, 2021) Demir F.This article focuses on public management reforms in Turkey and how the reform trajectory has changed over the past two decades. Reforms in Turkey represent a mixture of ideas and reform elements that are constantly evolving under the influence of foreign actors, especially the European Union, efforts to respond to global reform trends, and domestic political developments. The article is divided into three parts. The first part gives a brief picture of the political-administrative structure of the country. The second part provides a landscape of the reform initiatives in the last two decades. The third part examines the main challenges Turkey might face in the coming years in terms of implementing reforms and provides a discussion on how they can be addressed. © 2021 National Research University Higher School of Economics. All rights reserved.Item Push and Pull Factors of Why Medical Students Want to Leave Türkiye: A Countrywide Multicenter Study(Routledge, 2024) Eser E.; Cil E.; Sen Gundogan N.E.; Col M.; Yildirim Ozturk E.N.; Thomas D.T.; Sunter A.T.; Arslan H.N.; Citil R.; Onder Y.; Picakciefe M.; Dede B.; Demirel C.; Aydin N.; Caglayan C.; Aker A.A.; Borlu A.; Durmus H.; Can G.; Siddikoglu E.; Sumer E.H.; Uygun T.; Alkoy S.; Aktas Aycan K.; Koruk İ.; Kuzan R.; Demir L.S.; Hacilar E.; Sari H.; Kilinc Z.; Onal O.; Dogan E.; Emek M.; Terzioglu R.; Yapici G.; Erdal D.; Eser S.; Ayhan Akman E.; Kosan Z.; Yilmaz S.; Ayoglu F.N.; Acikgoz B.; Musal B.; Suner A.F.; Erdogan A.; Cilburunoglu İ.; Saygun M.; Daymaz D.; Arslantas D.; Onsuz M.F.; Beyhun N.E.; Ustundag M.G.; Ekuklu G.; Ozder Tas F.; Abacigil F.; Oncu S.; Hıdıroğlu S.; Ozaydin A.N.; Pirincci E.; Bulut I.; Tozun M.; Eskiocak M.; Gunel P.; Torun S.D.; Yavuz M.; Hasde M.; Camur D.; Gunes G.; Kurt B.; Guler Baysoy N.; Bakirci N.; Demir F.; Catak B.; Ozyurda F.; Turan M.Phenomenon: Physician immigration from other countries is increasing as developed countries continue to be desirable destinations for physicians; however, the determinants of Turkish physicians’ migration decisions are still unclear. Despite its wide coverage in the media and among physicians in Türkiye, and being the subject of much debate, there is insufficient data to justify this attention. With this study, we aimed to investigate the tendency of senior medical students in Türkiye to pursue their professional careers abroad and its related factors. Approach: This cross-sectional study involved 9881 senior medical students from 39 different medical schools in Türkiye in 2022. Besides participants’ migration decision, we evaluated the push and pull factors related to working, social environment and lifestyle in Türkiye and abroad, medical school education inadequacy, and personal insufficiencies, as well as the socioeconomic variables that may affect the decision to migrate abroad. The analyses were carried out with a participation rate of at least 50%. Findings: Of the medical students, 70.7% had emigration intentions. Approximately 60% of those want to stay abroad permanently, and 61.5% of them took initiatives such as learning a foreign language abroad (54.5%) and taking relevant exams (18.9%). Those who wanted to work in the field of Research & Development were 1.37 (95% CI: 1.22–1.54) times more likely to emigrate. The push factor that was related to emigration intention was the “working conditions in the country” (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.56–2.28) whereas the “social environment/lifestyle abroad” was the mere pull factor for the tendency of emigration (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.45–2.06). In addition, the quality problem in medical schools also had a significant impact on students’ decisions (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.83–2.65). Insights: Although the percentage of those who want to emigrate “definitely” was at the same level as in the other developing countries, the tendency to migrate “permanently” was higher in Türkiye. Improving working conditions in the country and increasing the quality of medical faculties seem vital in preventing the migration of physicians. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.