Browsing by Author "Dinkçi, N"

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    Physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of Soymilk Kefir
    Kesenkas, H; Dinkçi, N; Seçkin, K; Kinik, Ö; Gönç, S; Ergönül, PG; Kavas, G
    The physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characterization of kefir samples produced from cow/soy milk mixtures was carried out during storage at refrigerated conditions. Gross composition of samples was very closely related except lactose contents. Tyrosine levels of kefirs were also very similar. Leucine contents were increased with the raised soymilk ratio. Serum separation increased during storage for all samples. The lowest viscosity value was obtained when the soymilk were mixed to cow milk in a ratio of 50:50. Lactic acid was the highest one among the other organic acids. Microbiological population was not affected with addition of soymilk significantly. Generally sensory scores decreased with increasing soymilk ratio.
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    The effect of using a vegetable fat blend on some attributes of kashar cheese
    Kesenkas, H; Dinkçi, N; Seçkin, AK; Kinik, O; Gönc, S
    Kashar cheese was produced from whole milk (MF) or skim milk homogenized with a commercial vegetable fat blend (VF) by the traditional procedure. The resulting cheese was stored for 3 months at 5 degrees C, and analyzed initially for its gross composition and cholesterol content. In addition, the proteolysis and lipolysis, organic acid content and fatty acid composition were studied during the ripening of the cheese. The replacement of milk fat with a vegetable fat blend mainly affected pH, total solids and cholesterol content in the initial composition of the cheese (P < 0.05). The acid degree value and tyrosine contents in both types of cheese increased throughout ripening and significant differences were found between the cheeses after only 30 days of ripening (P < 0.05). The organic acid concentrations of both cheeses changed during ripening (P < 0.05) except for citric and oxalic acids. MF cheese showed higher levels of citric, succinic and oxalic acids especially towards to the end of ripening. Palmitic acid was the dominant fatty acid in MF cheese while the most abundant fatty acids in VF cheese were palmitic and oleic acid. The higher unsaturated fatty acid composition of the VF cheese has attracted attention from the healthy food image point of view.
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    Antioxidant Properties of Kefir Produced from Different Cow and Soy Milk Mixtures
    Kesenkas, H; Dinkçi, N; Seçkin, K; Kinik, Ö; Gönç, S
    The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant properties of kefir samples produced from different cow/soy milk mixtures. Antioxidative activities such as the inhibition of ascorbate autoxidation, reducing activity, the scavenging effect of superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide of kefir samples were determined. Kefirs produced from whole soymilk had the highest inhibition rate of ascorbate autoxidation. Reducing activities of kefir samples, expressed as equivalent amounts of cysteine, were found statistically different and elevated by increased soymilk ratio. Results of the inhibition of superoxide radical generation of cow, cow/soy and soymilk kefir samples were found statistically different. However, the effect of fermentation on this activity neither with kefir grain nor culture was significant. Results indicated that none of kefir samples exhibit a hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity.
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    Influence of a vegetable fat blend on the texture, microstructure and sensory properties of kashar cheese
    Dinkçi, N; Kesenkas, H; Seçkin, AK; Kinik, Ö; Gönç, S
    The possibility of using a commercial vegetable fat blend in Kashar cheese was investigated. Kashar cheeses were manufactured by replacing the milk fat (MF) with a vegetable fat (VF) blend. Kashar cheeses from whole milk were also manufactured to compare textural, microstructural, meltability, color and sensory characteristics during a ripening period of 90 days. The use of vegetable fat decreased the meltability, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of the cheese; while increasing adhesiveness where springiness was not affected. Differences became less notable toward the end of ripening. Scanning electron micrographs displayed VF cheese with a compact network with small and uniform fat globules embedded in the protein matrix. The MF cheese exhibited an open protein matrix containing milk fat globules of various sizes and forms. The color analysis demonstrated significant differences between cheeses. Finally, all sensory characteristics of the cheese were affected by the vegetable fat blend.