Browsing by Author "Eroglu, E"
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Item Quantum Dots for Bioelectrochemical ApplicationsPolatoglu, I; Eroglu, E; Aydin, LItem Triboelectric and Hydrophobic Characterization of Functionalized Lignocellulosic MaterialsZor, M; Sen, F; Eroglu, E; Candan, ZIn the development of sustainable products, lignocellulosic materials with hydrophobic properties can be functionalized and used as reinforcement, especially in bio-composite materials, as well as in various applications such as packaging, water-repellent and self-renewing materials. This study is aimed to improve the surface properties and triboelectric properties of wood materials. Functionalized wood veneers were prepared by impregnating 3 different wood veneers (beech, mahogany and oak) with 5 different chemical solutions (cationic cellulose, cationic starch, polyethyleneimine, sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose). Structural characterization of the functional wood materials obtained was investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) technique, wettability and surface properties were examined by contact angle measurements, and morphological properties were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The triboelectric properties of the devices prepared using functionalized wood materials were investigated. As a result, it was determined that the hydrophobic properties of wood materials were improved and showed triboelectric properties. It demonstrates that functionalized wood materials can be used to power low-power electronic devices.Item Enhanced intracellular translocation and biodistribution of gold nanoparticles functionalized with a cell-penetrating peptide (VG-21) from vesicular stomatitis virusTiwari, PM; Eroglu, E; Bawage, SS; Vig, K; Miller, ME; Pillai, S; Dennis, VA; Singh, SRReduced toxicity and ease of modification make gold nanoparticles (GNPs) suitable for targeted delivery, bioimaging and theranostics by conjugating cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). This study presents the biodistribution and enhanced intracellular uptake of GNPs functionalized with VG-21, a CPP derived from vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (G). Cell penetrating efficiency of VG-21 was demonstrated using CellPPD web server, conjugated to GNPs and were characterized using, UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential. Uptake of VG-21 functionalized GNPs (fGNPs) was tested in eukaryotic cell lines, HEp-2, HeLa, Vero and Cos-7, using flow cytometry, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductively coupled plasmon optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The effects of nanoparticles on stress and toxicity related genes were studied in HEp-2 cells. Cytokine response to fGNPs was studied in vitro and in vivo. Biodistribution of nanoparticles was studied in BALB/c mice using TEM and ICP-OES. VG-21, GNPs and fGNPs had little to no effect on cell viability. Upon exposure to fGNPs, HEp-2 cells revealed minimal down regulation of stress response genes. fGNPs displayed higher uptake than GNPs in all cell lines with highest internalization by HEp-2, HeLa and Cos-7 cells, in endocytotic vesicles and nuclei. Cytokine ELISA showed that mouse J774 cells exposed to fGNPs produced less IL-6 than did GNP-treated macrophage cells, whereas TNE-alpha levels were low in both treatment groups. Biodistribution studies in BALB/c mice revealed higher accumulation of fGNPs than GNPs in the liver and spleen. Histopathological analyses showed that fGNP-treated mice accumulated 35 ng/mg tissue and 20 ng/mg tissue gold in spleen and liver respectively, without any adverse effects. Likewise, serum cytokines were low in both GNP- and fGNP-treated mice. Thus, VG-21-conjugated GNPs have enhanced cellular internalization and are suitable for various biomedical applications as nano-conjugates. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.Item A unique phenolic extraction method from olive oil macerate of Hypericum perforatum using DMSO: Assessment of in vitro anticancer activity, LC-MS/MS profile, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacityEroglu, E; Girgin, SNHypericum perforatum, one of the most prominent traditional medicinal plants widely consumed worldwide due to its antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidepressant, anticancer effects, are also utilized in external applications for the treatment of wounds and burns. H. perforatum has been attracting the scientists' interest with its rich phenolic content and various biological activities over the decades. In this study, we report, for the first time, anticancer activity of DMSO extract from olive oil macerate of H. perforatum against human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) in vitro. To assess the content of the DMSO extract, LC-MS/MS, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity analyses were performed. According to in vitro MTT cell proliferation assay, the IC50 value of the obtained DMSO extract was found 0.21% against PC-3 cells. Among 19 compounds analyzed in LC-MS/MS, quercetin was found the most dominant compound with 18688.7 mu g/L. The total phenolic contents and total antioxidant capacity of the extract from olive oil macerate of H. perforatum were found 417.75 mu g gallic acid equivalent/ml extract and 3.32 mM Trolox equivalent, respectively. Our results showed that DMSO extract from olive oil macerate of H. perforatum with its rich phenolic content displayed a promising anticancer activity against PC-3 cells in vitro. Also, the new method we presented for the first time in this study, presents an alternative extraction method for herbal products exhibiting complex phytochemical components, such as oily macerates. (C) 2021 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Methyl cellulose/okra mucilage composite films, functionalized with Hypericum perforatum oil and gentamicin, as a potential wound dressingCoban, SN; Polatoglu, I; Eroglu, EThere is a growing demand for the development of functional wound dressings enriched with bioactive natural compounds to improve the quality of life of the population by accelerating the healing process of chronic wounds. In this regard, a functional composite film of okra mucilage (OM) and methylcellulose (MC) incorporated with Hypericum perforatum oil (Hp) and gentamicin (G) was prepared and characterized as a wound dressing. Increasing Hp resulted in improved film properties with a more porous structure, higher WVTR, and lower surface hydrophobicity. Furthermore, incorporating Hp into OM:MC films led to increased elongation at the break while reducing the tensile strength of the films. The highest values of total antioxidant capacity (1.09-1.16 mM trolox equivalent) and total phenolic content (13.76-16.94 mu g GA equivalent mL-1) were measured in the composite films containing the highest Hp concentration (1.5 %). In addition, OM:MC/HpG composite films exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both E. coli and S. aureus and prevented the transmission of these bacteria through the films. Hp incorporation reduced the cytotoxic effects of OM:MC films on BJ cells and increased the wound closure rate in vitro. In conclusion, the developed OM:MC/HpG composite film can be a promising candidate as a novel wound dressing with its superior properties.Item A New Generation Nanotherapeutic: pHEMA-Chitosan Nanocomposites in siRNA DeliveryEroglu, E; Portakal, HS; Pamukçu, ABackground: Despite great hopes for small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based gene therapies, restrictions, including the presence of nucleases, reticuloendothelial system and undesired electrostatic interactions between nucleic acids and the cell membrane, limit the success of these approaches. In the last few decades, non-viral nucleic acid delivery vectors in nanosize with high biocompatibility, low toxicity and proton sponge effect have emerged as magic bullets to overcome these drawbacks. Objective: This study aimed to develop poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)-chitosan nanoparticles (PCNp), and to transfect green fluorescent protein (GFP)-silencing siRNA (GsiR) in vitro. Methods: Firstly, PCNp displaying core-shell structure were synthesized and thereafter GsiR was encapsulated into the core of PCNp. The synthesized PCNp with/without GsiR were characterized using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis)-spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermal decomposition, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Encapsulation of siRNA into the pHEMA core coated with chitosan shell was demonstrated using fluorescence and FTIR spectroscopy. Results: The surface charges of PCNp and PCNp-GsiR were found to be +39.5 and +40.2, respectively. In DLS analysis, an insignificant shift in the Z-average diameter of PCNp was observed from 109 nm to 133 nm using the encapsulation of GsiR. In comparison to other studied nanomaterials and a commercial transfection reagent, our findings suggest a promising GFP-silencing effect of 45%. Conclusion: To our knowledge, we have obtained comparable silencing activity with the other studied equivalents despite using the lowest concentration of siRNA in existing literature.Item Resveratrol induces mitochondria-mediated, caspase-independent apoptosis in murine prostate cancer cellsKumar, S; Eroglu, E; Stokes, JA; Scissum-Gunn, K; Saldanha, SN; Singh, UP; Manne, U; Ponnazhagan, S; Mishra, MKFound in the skins of red fruits, including grapes, resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenolic compound with cancer chemopreventive activity. Because of this activity, it has gained interest for scientific investigations. RES inhibits tumor growth and progression by targeting mitochondria-dependent or -independent pathways. However, further investigations are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms. The present study is focused on examining the role of RES-induced, mitochondria-mediated, caspase-independent apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, namely transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) cells. These cells were exposed to RES for various times, and cell killing, cell morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi m), expression of Bax and Bcl2 proteins, the role of caspase-3, and DNA fragmentation were analyzed. TRAMP cells exposed to RES showed decreased cell viability, altered cell morphology, and disrupted Delta psi m, which led to aberrant expression of Bax and Bcl2 proteins. Furthermore, since the caspase-3 inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk (benzyloxycarbonylvaline-alanine-aspartic acid-fluoromethyl ketone), had no appreciable impact on RES-induced cell killing, the killing was evidently caspase-independent. In addition, RES treatment of TRAMP-C1, TRAMP-C2, and TRAMP-C3 cells caused an appreciable breakage of genomic DNA into low-molecular-weight fragments. These findings show that, in inhibition of proliferation of TRAMP cells, RES induces mitochondria-mediated, caspase-independent apoptosis. Therefore, RES may be utilized as a therapeutic agent to control the proliferation and growth of cancer cells.Item The prevalence of intestinal parasites in the province of Izmir, TurkeyDagci, H; Kurt, Ö; Demirel, M; Östan, I; Azizi, NR; Mandiracioglu, A; Yurdagül, C; Tanyüksel, M; Eroglu, E; Ak, MStool samples of a total of 2,047 people in Izmir province were examined by wet mount, formalin ethyl acetate concentration, and trichrome staining methods with an aim to reveal the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Izmir together with related personal and environmental risk factors. Geographical mapping showing the density and variation of the species of intestinal parasites in Izmir was done after all maps were scaled, and the coordinates were determined with GeoMedia5.0(R). The prevalence of the intestinal parasites was found to be 25.6% in Izmir, with a variation between the districts. Blastocystis hominis was the leading parasite, and the prevalence of parasites was higher in children compared to adults; however, the difference was statistically insignificant. There was also no significant difference between the parasite prevalence and sex, marital status, education, income, frequent eating outside, and habitual raw meat eating. Significant differences were found between the parasite prevalence and crowded families, early immigrants, individuals with no social security, and people living in close contact with their livestock. The parasites were found to be less common among individuals who had been drinking bottled water and living in a house with a sewage system. The results demonstrated a correlation between the intestinal parasites and environmental conditions in our study group. We further plan to expand the study group to cover all regions of Turkey.Item Preparation and Characterization of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose/Nanolignin Composite FilmsZor, M; Yazici, H; Sen, F; Eroglu, E; Candan, Z; Rodrigue, D; Wang, XDHydroxyethyl cellulose/nanolignin composite films were prepared and characterized. The composite films were produced via casting of synthesized nanolignin added to hydroxyethyl cellulose at different concentrations (2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20% by mass). A control film without nanolignin was also prepared for comparison. The thermal properties of the composite films were examined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while the mechanical properties were determined by tensile testing and the surface properties were determined by water contact angle measurements. In addition, the morphologies of the samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that with the addition of nano lignin, the glass transition temperature of the composite films increased from 109 degrees C to 262 degrees C; the elongation at break increased from 19% to 51%; and the contact angles increased from 53 degrees C to 73 degrees C. The results showed that the presence of nanolignin produced materials being more flexible and more hydrophobic with higher glass transition temperatures.Item Immunogenicity of RSV F DNA Vaccine in BALB/c MiceEroglu, E; Singh, A; Bawage, S; Tiwari, PM; Vig, K; Pillai, SR; Dennis, VA; Singh, SRRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe acute lower respiratory tract disease leading to numerous hospitalizations and deaths among the infant and elderly populations worldwide. There is no vaccine or a less effective drug available against RSV infections. Natural RSV infection stimulates the Th1 immune response and activates the production of neutralizing antibodies, while earlier vaccine trials that used UV-inactivated RSV exacerbated the disease due to the activation of the allergic Th2 response. With a focus on Th1 immunity, we developed a DNA vaccine containing the native RSV fusion (RSV F) protein and studied its immune response in BALB/c mice. High levels of RSV specific antibodies were induced during subsequent immunizations. The serum antibodies were able to neutralize RSV in vitro. The RSV inhibition by sera was also shown by immunofluorescence analyses. Antibody response of the RSV F DNA vaccine showed a strong Th1 response. Also, sera from RSV F immunized and RSV infected mice reduced the RSV infection by 50% and 80%, respectively. Our data evidently showed that the RSV FDNA vaccine activated the Th1 biased immune response and led to the production of neutralizing antibodies, which is the desired immune response required for protection from RSV infections.Item Synergistic antimicrobial effects of activated lactoferrin and rosemary extract in vitro and potential application in meat storageSoyer, F; Keman, D; Eroglu, E; Türe, HThis study aimed to explore the antimicrobial effects of activated lactoferrin (ALF) and rosemary extract (RE) on Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes, and to investigate their application potential in the meat storage. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ALF, RE and ALF-RE combinations were determined via microtiter plate assay. MICs of ALF were 1% for E. coli O157:H7; 0.5% for S. Enteritidis and 0.1% for L. monocytogenes. While 15% RE inhibited L. monocytogenes; 30% RE partially inhibited E. coli O157:H7 and S. Enteritidis growth. Synergistic effect of ALF and RE on the inhibition of E. coli O157:H7 increased the activity of ALF two to three folds. Food application of antimicrobials was performed by dipping of meat samples. Both ALF and RE were found effective in the prevention of L. monocytogenes growth about two logs. According to the data, choice of natural antimicrobials may be promising in food preservation.