Browsing by Author "Eroglu E."

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    The prevalence of intestinal parasites in the province of Izmir, Turkey
    (2008) Dagci H.; Kurt Ö.; Demirel M.; Östan I.; Azizi N.R.; Mandiracioglu A.; Yurdagül C.; Tanyüksel M.; Eroglu E.; Ak M.
    Stool samples of a total of 2,047 people in Izmir province were examined by wet mount, formalin ethyl acetate concentration, and trichrome staining methods with an aim to reveal the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Izmir together with related personal and environmental risk factors. Geographical mapping showing the density and variation of the species of intestinal parasites in Izmir was done after all maps were scaled, and the coordinates were determined with GeoMedia5.0®. The prevalence of the intestinal parasites was found to be 25.6 % in Izmir, with a variation between the districts. Blastocystis hominis was the leading parasite, and the prevalence of parasites was higher in children compared to adults; however, the difference was statistically insignificant. There was also no significant difference between the parasite prevalence and sex, marital status, education, income, frequent eating outside, and habitual raw meat eating. Significant differences were found between the parasite prevalence and crowded families, early immigrants, individuals with no social security, and people living in close contact with their livestock. The parasites were found to be less common among individuals who had been drinking bottled water and living in a house with a sewage system. The results demonstrated a correlation between the intestinal parasites and environmental conditions in our study group. We further plan to expand the study group to cover all regions of Turkey. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.
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    Enhanced intracellular translocation and biodistribution of gold nanoparticles functionalized with a cell-penetrating peptide (VG-21) from vesicular stomatitis virus
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2014) Tiwari P.M.; Eroglu E.; Bawage S.S.; Vig K.; Miller M.E.; Pillai S.; Dennis V.A.; Singh S.R.
    Reduced toxicity and ease of modification make gold nanoparticles (GNPs) suitable for targeted delivery, bioimaging and theranostics by conjugating cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). This study presents the biodistribution and enhanced intracellular uptake of GNPs functionalized with VG-21, a CPP derived from vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (G). Cell penetrating efficiency of VG-21 was demonstrated using CellPPD web server, conjugated to GNPs and were characterized using, UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential. Uptake of VG-21 functionalized GNPs (fGNPs) was tested in eukaryotic cell lines, HEp-2, HeLa, Vero and Cos-7, using flow cytometry, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductively coupled plasmon optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The effects of nanoparticles on stress and toxicity related genes were studied in HEp-2cells. Cytokine response to fGNPs was studied invitro and invivo. Biodistribution of nanoparticles was studied in BALB/c mice using TEM and ICP-OES. VG-21, GNPs and fGNPs had little to no effect on cell viability. Upon exposure to fGNPs, HEp-2cells revealed minimal down regulation of stress response genes. fGNPs displayed higher uptake than GNPs in all cell lines with highest internalization by HEp-2, HeLa and Cos-7cells, in endocytotic vesicles and nuclei. Cytokine ELISA showed that mouse J774cells exposed to fGNPs produced less IL-6 than did GNP-treated macrophage cells, whereas TNF-α levels were low in both treatment groups. Biodistribution studies in BALB/c mice revealed higher accumulation of fGNPs than GNPs in the liver and spleen. Histopathological analyses showed that fGNP-treated mice accumulated 35ng/mg tissue and 20ng/mg tissue gold in spleen and liver respectively, without any adverse effects. Likewise, serum cytokines were low in both GNP- and fGNP-treated mice. Thus, VG-21-conjugated GNPs have enhanced cellular internalization and are suitable for various biomedical applications as nano-conjugates. © 2014 The Authors.
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    Immunogenicity of RSV F DNA Vaccine in BALB/c Mice
    (Hindawi Limited, 2016) Eroglu E.; Singh A.; Bawage S.; Tiwari P.M.; Vig K.; Pillai S.R.; Dennis V.A.; Singh S.R.
    Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe acute lower respiratory tract disease leading to numerous hospitalizations and deaths among the infant and elderly populations worldwide. There is no vaccine or a less effective drug available against RSV infections. Natural RSV infection stimulates the Th1 immune response and activates the production of neutralizing antibodies, while earlier vaccine trials that used UV-inactivated RSV exacerbated the disease due to the activation of the allergic Th2 response. With a focus on Th1 immunity, we developed a DNA vaccine containing the native RSV fusion (RSV F) protein and studied its immune response in BALB/c mice. High levels of RSV specific antibodies were induced during subsequent immunizations. The serum antibodies were able to neutralize RSV in vitro. The RSV inhibition by sera was also shown by immunofluorescence analyses. Antibody response of the RSV F DNA vaccine showed a strong Th1 response. Also, sera from RSV F immunized and RSV infected mice reduced the RSV infection by 50% and 80%, respectively. Our data evidently showed that the RSV F DNA vaccine activated the Th1 biased immune response and led to the production of neutralizing antibodies, which is the desired immune response required for protection from RSV infections. © 2016 Erdal Eroglu et al.
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    Resveratrol induces mitochondria-mediated, caspaseindependent apoptosis in murine prostate cancer cells
    (Impact Journals LLC, 2017) Kumar S.J.; Eroglu E.; Stokes J.A., III; Scissum-Gunn K.; Saldanha S.N.; Singh U.P.; Manne U.; Ponnazhagan S.; Mishra M.K.
    Found in the skins of red fruits, including grapes, resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenolic compound with cancer chemopreventive activity. Because of this activity, it has gained interest for scientific investigations. RES inhibits tumor growth and progression by targeting mitochondria-dependent or -independent pathways. However, further investigations are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms. The present study is focused on examining the role of RES-induced, mitochondriamediated, caspase-independent apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, namely transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) cells. These cells were exposed to RES for various times, and cell killing, cell morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), expression of Bax and Bcl2 proteins, the role of caspase-3, and DNA fragmentation were analyzed. TRAMP cells exposed to RES showed decreased cell viability, altered cell morphology, and disrupted Δψm, which led to aberrant expression of Bax and Bcl2 proteins. Furthermore, since the caspase-3 inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk (benzyloxycarbonylvaline- alanine-aspartic acid-fluoromethyl ketone), had no appreciable impact on RES-induced cell killing, the killing was evidently caspase-independent. In addition, RES treatment of TRAMP-C1, TRAMP-C2, and TRAMP-C3 cells caused an appreciable breakage of genomic DNA into low-molecular-weight fragments. These findings show that, in inhibition of proliferation of TRAMP cells, RES induces mitochondria-mediated, caspase-independent apoptosis. Therefore, RES may be utilized as a therapeutic agent to control the proliferation and growth of cancer cells.
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    A unique phenolic extraction method from olive oil macerate of Hypericum perforatum using DMSO: Assessment of in vitro anticancer activity, LC-MS/MS profile, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021) Eroglu E.; Girgin S.N.
    Hypericum perforatum, one of the most prominent traditional medicinal plants widely consumed worldwide due to its antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidepressant, anticancer effects, are also utilized in external applications for the treatment of wounds and burns. H. perforatum has been attracting the scientists’ interest with its rich phenolic content and various biological activities over the decades. In this study, we report, for the first time, anticancer activity of DMSO extract from olive oil macerate of H. perforatum against human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) in vitro. To assess the content of the DMSO extract, LC-MS/MS, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity analyses were performed. According to in vitro MTT cell proliferation assay, the IC50 value of the obtained DMSO extract was found 0.21% against PC-3 cells. Among 19 compounds analyzed in LC-MS/MS, quercetin was found the most dominant compound with 18688.7 µg/L. The total phenolic contents and total antioxidant capacity of the extract from olive oil macerate of H. perforatum were found 417.75 µg gallic acid equivalent/ml extract and 3.32 mM Trolox equivalent, respectively. Our results showed that DMSO extract from olive oil macerate of H. perforatum with its rich phenolic content displayed a promising anticancer activity against PC-3 cells in vitro. Also, the new method we presented for the first time in this study, presents an alternative extraction method for herbal products exhibiting complex phytochemical components, such as oily macerates. © 2021 SAAB
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    Nanozyme-based tests for rapid diagnosis of SARS-COV-2
    (Elsevier, 2024) Eroglu E.; Kurbanoglu S.; Polatoglu İ.
    The rapid spread of COVID-19 has led to an unpredicted demand for a rapid, sensitive, and easy-to-use home test in diagnosing and preventing COVID-19. Currently, RT-PCR, which relies on the amplification of virus-specific nucleic acid, is the gold standard technique widely used worldwide owing to its superior specificity and sensitivity compared with tests based on the detection of antigens or antibodies. Despite its widespread use, this test requires a well-equipped laboratory, suboptimal portability, low throughput, expensive supplementary materials, onsite technician expertise, and an extended analysis time. Due to these limitations, RT-qPCR is not readily adaptable as point-of-care testing. SARS-CoV-2 was detected with various rapid diagnostic techniques from the virus's different characteristics, mainly on the surface and inside of the virus such as protein antigens and nucleic acid. Nanozymes are nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-like activities, can be used to detect specific biomolecules associated with the target pathogen. Nanozyme-based tests for rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 have become a promising and innovative approach because of their high stability, enhanced sensitivity, rapid response times, low cost, and tunable catalytic activity in contrast to natural enzymes. In this chapter, nanozyme-based rapid tests are discussed. The latest research has been reviewed, and current challenges along with future perspectives on developing nanozyme-based tests for rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 are discussed. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved including those for text and data mining AI training and similar technologies.
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    Methyl cellulose/okra mucilage composite films, functionalized with Hypericum perforatum oil and gentamicin, as a potential wound dressing
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Coban S.N.; Polatoglu I.; Eroglu E.
    There is a growing demand for the development of functional wound dressings enriched with bioactive natural compounds to improve the quality of life of the population by accelerating the healing process of chronic wounds. In this regard, a functional composite film of okra mucilage (OM) and methylcellulose (MC) incorporated with Hypericum perforatum oil (Hp) and gentamicin (G) was prepared and characterized as a wound dressing. Increasing Hp resulted in improved film properties with a more porous structure, higher WVTR, and lower surface hydrophobicity. Furthermore, incorporating Hp into OM:MC films led to increased elongation at the break while reducing the tensile strength of the films. The highest values of total antioxidant capacity (1.09–1.16 mM trolox equivalent) and total phenolic content (13.76–16.94 μg GA equivalent mL−1) were measured in the composite films containing the highest Hp concentration (1.5 %). In addition, OM:MC/HpG composite films exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both E. coli and S. aureus and prevented the transmission of these bacteria through the films. Hp incorporation reduced the cytotoxic effects of OM:MC films on BJ cells and increased the wound closure rate in vitro. In conclusion, the developed OM:MC/HpG composite film can be a promising candidate as a novel wound dressing with its superior properties. © 2023