Browsing by Author "Gök, V"

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    Effects of packaging method and storage time on the chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of Turkish pastirma -: A dry cured beef product
    Gök, V; Obuz, E; Akkaya, L
    The effects of packaging method (aerobic packaging (AP), vacuum packaging (VP) or modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)), the form of pastirma (sliced or non-sliced) and storage time (0, 15, 30, 60, 90 or 120 days) on the chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of a Turkish pastirma were investigated. Overall, MAP preserved chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of Turkish pastirma better than AP or VP. Very high correlation coefficients (almost all >0.90) were observed between subjective quality parameters (sensory properties) and objective quality parameters (TBARS, hexanal content, L*, a*, and b*), which suggests that sensory panel was able to determine the quality changes over storage time precisely. Based on the results of this study, MAP should be the preferred choice of packaging in order to preserve overall quality of Turkish pastirma and its implication for pastirma packaging may increase pastirma's current share in the processed meat product market. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of blade tenderization, aging method and aging time on meat quality characteristics of Longissimus lumborum steaks from cull Holstein cows
    Obuz, E; Akkaya, L; Gök, V; Dikeman, ME
    The effects of blade tenderization (BT), two aging methods (dry (D) and wet (W)), and aging time (2 and 23 d) on tenderness, color, and sensory properties of Longissimus lumborum muscles from 12 cull Holstein cows were evaluated. Dry-aged loins had higher combined trim and aging losses than control (C) for both D- and W-aging, mostly because of excess trim losses. BT steaks had WBSF of 33.13 N while C steaks had WBSF of 41.46 N (P = 0.09). Aging decreased WBSF. Blade tenderized steaks had higher cook loss than C steaks. Aging, W-aging, and BT x W-aging improved myofibrillar (sensory) tenderness scores. Aging and/or BT improves sensory panel tenderness cull cow Longissimus lumborum steaks. Aging and blade tenderization combined can increase tenderness and value of Longissimus steaks from cull Holstein cows. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Effect of ground poppy seed as a fat replacer on meat burgers
    Gök, V; Akkaya, L; Obuz, E; Bulut, S
    Poppy seed paste was used in koefte production as an animal fat replacer and efficacy of using poppy seed was investigated. The use of ground poppy seed in formulation of meat burgers had no effect on the moisture content of uncooked meat burgers; however, it did have a significant effect (p<0.05) on the fat content of meat burgers. Ground poppy seed addition significantly affected (p<0.05) cooking yield, moisture retention, and fat retention of meat burgers. Ground poppy seed addition significantly decreased (p<0.05) saturated fatty acid contents as the amount of ground poppy seed increased in meat burgers. A strong significant decrease (p< 0.05) on the cholesterol content of meat burgers with ground poppy seed addition was observed. Samples having 20% ground poppy seed had significantly better texture and juiciness score (p<0.05) than any other sample which could be explained by increased moisture retention. Replacing animal fat with ground poppy seed paste is effective and may pave the way for an innovative meat product. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    THE EFFECTS OF SOME NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS ON THE COLOR, CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SUCUK (TURKISH DRY-FERMENTED SAUSAGE) DURING RIPENING AND STORAGE PERIODS
    Gök, V; Obuz, E; Sahim, ME; Serteser, A
    The effects of rosemary powder, rosemary extract and a-tocopherol, and their combinations, on color, chemical and microbiological quality of Turkish sucuk during ripening and storage periods were investigated. The combination of 500 ppm rosemary extract and 500 ppm tocopherol had the highest antioxidant activity while the control group had the lowest antioxidant activity. The 500 ppm rosemary extract and 500 ppm tocopherol addition preserved color better than any other treatment. The multiplicative product of strong ripening time, antioxidant treatment interaction storage time and antioxidant treatment interaction (P < 0.0001) existed for 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances content. Microbiological properties were improved by antioxidant treatment with the best microbiological quality observed for sucuks having the 500 ppm rosemary extract and 500 ppm tocopherol. To preserve overall color, chemical and microbiological quality of sucuks during storage time, the rosemary extract and tocopherol combination can be used for the commercial processing of Turkish sucuks.
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    EXTENDING THE CHILLED SHELF LIFE OF VACUUM-PACKAGED GROUND BEEF USING ASCORBIC ACID, NITRITE OR SALT
    Gök, V; Kayaardi, S; Obuz, E
    The objective of this study was to extend the shelf life of ground beef in chilled conditions. Samples were treated with 2% salt, 2% salt + 500-ppm ascorbic acid, or 2% salt + 100-ppm sodium nitrite. The control sample did not contain any additives. Protein, nitrite, moisture contents, pH, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, color attributes and microbial counts of samples were determined. Samples were vacuum packaged and stored in refrigeration, and chemical and microbial analyses were performed throughout storage. The pH of samples decreased during storage, and the sample having 2% salt and 500-ppm ascorbic acid had the greatest pH decline. TBA values generally increased (P < 0.05) with storage time. Samples having 2% salt + 500-ppm ascorbic acid had the lowest TBA value. On a given storage day, samples having 2% salt + 100-ppm sodium nitrite had lower microbial microbial count than other samples, indicating the antibacterial effect of nitrite. A significant storage time x treatment interaction (P < 0.05) existed for almost all quality parameters studied.
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    Effect of replacing beef fat with olive oil on quality characteristics of Turkish soudjouk (sucuk)
    Kayaardi, S; Gök, V
    Four formulation of Turkish soudjouks were produced in three replicates by traditional methods as follows; one control (C) using 85% beef and 15% beef fat and three treatments by replacing 20, 40 and 60% of beef fat with virgin olive oil incorporated as pre-emulsified fat (PEF) with soy protein isolate (SPI), respectively. It was found that the moisture content and pH decreased while fat and ash content increased on the 21st day of fermentation and in the ripening period. Cholesterol content decreased depending on the amount of incorporated olive oil to the formulation, which shows the addition of olive oil in soudjouks reduces the cholesterol content (P < 0.05). TBA values were affected by the amount of incorporated olive oil and the highest TBA value was found for with the 60% olive oil replacement. Oleic and linoleic acid contents were high while other fatty acid contents were low for the 40 and 60% olive oil samples compared with controls. Sausages with 40% olive oil received high evaluation from the panel for appearance and texture but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between samples in the terms of color and general acceptability. It is concluded that replacement of beef fat with olive oil had a positive effect on sensory quality and on reducing the cholesterol content of soudjouks. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of dry, vacuum, and special bag aging; USDA quality grade; and end-point temperature on yields and eating quality of beef Longissimus lumborum steaks
    Dikeman, ME; Obuz, E; Gök, V; Akkaya, L; Stroda, S
    This study evaluated the effects of three aging methods: (dry (D), wet (W), and special bag (SB)); two quality grades [USDA Choice(>= Small(50) marbling) and Select); and two cooked end-point temperatures (62.8 degrees C and 71.1 degrees C) on physico-chemical traits of instrumental tenderness, color, and sensory properties of Longissimus lumborum beef muscle. Dry-aged loins had higher (P<0.0001) weight loss than W or SB aged loins. However, D and SB aged loins had similar (P>0.05) combined losses. W aged loins had higher (P<0.01) L* values than D or SB aged loins. Warner-Bratzler shear force of steaks was not affected (P>0.05) by aging method or quality grade but increased (P<0.0001) as end-point temperature increased. Sensory panel evaluation also showed no effect (P>0.05) of aging method or quality grade on myofibrillar tenderness, juiciness, connective tissue amount, overall tenderness or off flavor intensity. Steaks cooked to 62.8 degrees C were juicier (P<0.05) than those cooked to 71.1 degrees C. Neither D nor SB aging had advantages over W aging. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.