Browsing by Author "Gürkan, A"

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    Effect of centrifugation time on growth factor and MMP release of an experimental platelet-rich fibrin-type product
    Eren, G; Gürkan, A; Atmaca, H; Dönmez, A; Atilla, G
    Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has a controlled release of growth factors due to the fibrin matrix structure. Different centrifugation protocols were suggested for PRF preparation. Since the derivation method of PRF can alter its contents, in the present study it is aimed to investigate the cell contents and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta 1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AB), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and-8 release from experimental PRF-type membranes obtained with different centrifugation times at 400 gravity. Three blood samples were collected from 20 healthy non-smoker volunteers. One tube was used for whole blood analyses. The other two tubes were centrifuged at 400 g for 10 minutes (group A) or 12 minutes (group B). Each experimental PRF-type membrane was placed in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) and at 1, 24 and 72 hours, TGF-beta 1, PDGF-AB, VEGF, MMP-1 and -8 release amounts were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The blood cell count of membranes was determined by subtracting plasma supernatant and red blood cell (RBC) mixture from the whole blood cell counts. At 72 hours, the VEGF level of group B was statistically higher than that of group A (p = 0.040). The centrifugation time was not found to influence the release of other growth factors, enzymes and cell counts. Within the limits of the present study, it might be suggested that centrifugation time at a constant gravity has a significant effect on the VEGF levels released from experimental PRF-type membrane. It can be concluded that due to the importance of VEGF in the tissue healing process, membranes obtained at 12-minute centrifugation time may show a superior potential in wound healing.
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    Gingival Crevicular Fluid Osteocalcin, N-Terminal Telopeptides, and Calprotectin Levels in Cyclosporin A-Induced Gingival Overgrowth
    Becerik, S; Gürkan, A; Afacan, B; Özturk, VÖ; Atmaca, H; Töz, H; Atilla, G; Emingil, G
    Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) osteocalcin, crosslinked N-terminal telopeptide (NTx), and calprotectin levels in cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth (GO). Methods: Forty medicated patients with CsA including 20 with GO (CsA GO+), 10 without GO (CsA GO-), 10 with GO and chronic periodontitis (CsA CP) and 60 patients with CP alone, 20 patients with gingivitis, and 20 healthy patients were enrolled. Probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and papillary bleeding index were recorded. GCF calprotectin, osteocalcin, and NTx levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The CsA GO+ and CP groups had significantly lower GCF osteocalcin levels and osteocalcin/NTx ratio than the healthy group, whereas GCF osteocalcin levels and osteocalcin/NTx ratio in the gingivitis group were higher than the CsA GO+, CsA GO-, CsA CP, and CP groups (P < 0.05). The CP group had elevated GCF calprotectin levels compared to the other study groups (P < 0.05). The CsA GO+ and CsA GO-groups also had higher GCF calprotectin levels compared to the CsA CP, gingivitis, and healthy groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Increased GCF calprotectin and decreased GCF osteocalcin levels in the CsA GO+ and CsA GO-groups might suggest that CsA plays a role on the levels of these markers. The similarity of GCF osteocalcin, NTx, and calprotectin levels in the CsA GO+ and CsA GO-groups might suggest that these molecules are not involved in the pathogenesis of GO. J Periodontol 2011; 82: 1490-1497.
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    Interleukin-6 Family of Cytokines in Crevicular Fluid of Renal Transplant Recipients With and Without Cyclosporine A-Induced Gingival Overgrowth
    Gürkan, A; Becerik, S; Öztürk, VÖ; Atmaca, H; Atilla, G; Emingil, G
    Background: Interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines, including IL-6, oncostatin M (OSM), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and IL-11, have fibrogenic features. The current study determines gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of fibrosis-related IL-6-type cytokines in cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth (GO). Methods: Eighty non-smokers were included (40 CsA-medicated renal transplant patients with GO [GO+; n = 20] or without GO [GO-; n = 20], 20 individuals with gingivitis, and 20 healthy participants). Probing depth and plaque, papilla bleeding, and hyperplastic index scores were recorded. GCF samples were obtained from the mesio-buccal aspects of two teeth. GCF IL-6, IL-1 beta, OSM, LIF, and IL-11 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The GO+ and GO- groups had higher IL-6 total amounts than the healthy group (P < 0.008). IL-1 beta total amounts in the GO+ group were significantly higher than in both the healthy and GO- groups (P < 0.008). OSM total amount was elevated in the GO+ and GO- groups compared with both the gingivitis and healthy groups (P < 0.008). All groups had similar LIF and IL-11 total amounts (P > 0.008). Moderate positive correlations were detected among IL-6, IL-1 beta, OSM, and IL-11 total amount in GCF and clinical parameters (P < 0.05). Conclusions: IL-6 and OSM increases in GCF as a result of CsA usage or an immunosuppressed state irrespective of the severity of inflammation and the presence of GO. The IL-6 family of cytokines might not be directly involved in biologic mechanisms associated with CsA-induced GO. Lack of an association between assessed IL-6 cytokines and CsA-induced GO might indicate distinct effects of these cytokines on fibrotic changes of different tissues.