Browsing by Author "Gençer, AG"

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    Validity and Reliability of Nine Types Temperament Scale
    Yilmaz, ED; Gençer, AG; Aydemir, Ö; Yilmaz, A; Kesebir, S; Ünal, Ö; Örek, A; Bilici, M
    The aim of this study is to develop a scale compatible with the Nine Types Temperament Model (NTTM), which did not have any prior measurement tools to scientifically prove its reliability and validity. NTTM is created by re-evaluating the Enneagram System a system that defines nine personality types- used for analyzing and comprehending ego mechanisms. Nine Types Temperament Scale (NTTS) which is a self-rated instrument composed of 91 items with three-point Likert type was developed from this model and applied to 990 participants. Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out in order to evaluate whether the scale fits to the model related to the temperament model. In exploratory factor analyses of the scale eigen values of nine factors vary between 8.089 and 1.661, and represent 39.04% of the total variance. In confirmatory analyses of the scale CFI value is 0.88, GFI value is 0.84, IFI value is 0.88 and RMSEA value is 0.05. Test-retest reliability of the scale was evaluated with 46 participants. Cronbach alpha value of the whole scale is 0.75, while Cronbach alpha values for every temperament type were calculated as 0.77, 0.79, 0.68, 0.71, 0.80, 0.74, 0.71, 0.83 and 0.77 respectively. Concurrent validity was performed with Cloninger's TCI (Temperament and Character Inventory) and Akiskal's TEMPS-A (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire Version). The types of NTTM showed significant correlations with TCI and TEMPS-A. Results of the study support that NTTS is a reliable and valid scale.
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    From Enneagram to Nine Types Temperament Model: A Proposal
    Yilmaz, ED; Gençer, AG; Ünal, Ö; Aydemir, Ö
    Temperament, character and personality concepts are addressed by many disciplines that study interpersonal differences. Although each of these concepts is related with each other, they are different and often used instead of one another. Nine Types Temperament Model (NTTM), a new temperament model formulated with the interpretation of Enneagram System, explains the definition, limit, scope and interrelations of these concepts, as well as presents a new perspective on studying the differences between individuals and differences within an individual. With this paper, we explain the similarities and differences between Enneagram and NTTM, nine basic temperament types, as well as behaviors and attitudes, which are different from normal, that these types display under stressed and relaxed conditions. At the same time, we propose NTTM as a new and integrated model which can explain the reasons of human behavior and be used in research and practice for the fields of psychiatry, psychology and education.