Browsing by Author "Giammusso I."

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    Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries
    (Elsevier Inc., 2022) Kowal M.; Sorokowski P.; Pisanski K.; Valentova J.V.; Varella M.A.C.; Frederick D.A.; Al-Shawaf L.; García F.E.; Giammusso I.; Gjoneska B.; Kozma L.; Otterbring T.; Papadatou-Pastou M.; Pfuhl G.; Stöckli S.; Studzinska A.; Toplu-Demirtaş E.; Touloumakos A.K.; Bakos B.E.; Batres C.; Bonneterre S.; Czamanski-Cohen J.; Dacanay J.C.; Deschrijver E.; Fisher M.L.; Grano C.; Grigoryev D.; Kačmár P.; Kozlov M.V.; Manunta E.; Massar K.; McFall J.P.; Mebarak M.; Miccoli M.R.; Milfont T.L.; Prokop P.; Aavik T.; Arriaga P.; Baiocco R.; Čeněk J.; Çetinkaya H.; Duyar I.; Guemaz F.; Ishii T.; Kamburidis J.A.; Khun-Inkeeree H.; Lidborg L.H.; Manor H.; Nussinson R.; Omar-Fauzee M.S.B.; Pazhoohi F.; Ponnet K.; Santos A.C.; Senyk O.; Spasovski O.; Vintila M.; Wang A.H.; Yoo G.; Zerhouni O.; Amin R.; Aquino S.; Boğa M.; Boussena M.; Can A.R.; Can S.; Castro R.; Chirumbolo A.; Çoker O.; Cornec C.; Dural S.; Eder S.J.; Moharrampour N.G.; Grassini S.; Hristova E.; Ikizer G.; Kervyn N.; Koyuncu M.; Kunisato Y.; Lins S.; Mandzyk T.; Mari S.; Mattiassi A.D.A.; Memisoglu-Sanli A.; Morelli M.; Novaes F.C.; Parise M.; Banai I.P.; Perun M.; Plohl N.; Sahli F.Z.; Šakan D.; Smojver-Azic S.; Solak Ç.; Söylemez S.; Toyama A.; Wlodarczyk A.; Yamada Y.; Abad-Villaverde B.; Afhami R.; Akello G.; Alami N.H.; Alma L.; Argyrides M.; Atamtürk D.; Burduli N.; Cardona S.; Carneiro J.; Castañeda A.; Chałatkiewicz I.; Chopik W.J.; Chubinidze D.; Conroy-Beam D.; Contreras-Garduño J.; da Silva D.R.; Don Y.B.; Donato S.; Dubrov D.; Duračková M.; Dutt S.; Ebimgbo S.O.; Estevan I.; Etchezahar E.; Fedor P.; Fekih-Romdhane F.; Frackowiak T.; Galasinska K.; Gargula Ł.; Gelbart B.; Yepes T.G.; Hamdaoui B.; Hromatko I.; Itibi S.N.; Jaforte L.; Janssen S.M.J.; Jovic M.; Kertechian K.S.; Khan F.; Kobylarek A.; Koso-Drljevic M.; Krasnodębska A.; Križanić V.; Landa-Blanco M.; Mailhos A.; Marot T.; Dorcic T.M.; Martinez-Banfi M.; Yusof M.R.; Mayorga-Lascano M.; Mikuličiūtė V.; Mišetić K.; Musil B.; Najmussaqib A.; Muthu K.N.; Natividade J.C.; Ndukaihe I.L.G.; Nyhus E.K.; Oberzaucher E.; Omar S.S.; Ostaszewski F.; Pacquing M.C.T.; Pagani A.F.; Park J.H.; Pirtskhalava E.; Reips U.-D.; Reyes M.E.S.; Röer J.P.; Şahin A.; Samekin A.; Sargautytė R.; Semenovskikh T.; Siepelmeyer H.; Singh S.; Sołtys A.; Sorokowska A.; Soto-López R.; Sultanova L.; Tamayo-Agudelo W.; Tan C.-S.; Topanova G.T.; Bulut M.T.; Trémolière B.; Tulyakul S.; Türkan B.N.; Urbanek A.; Volkodav T.; Walter K.V.; Yaakob M.F.M.; Zumárraga-Espinosa M.
    People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending >10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complementary perspectives. © 2022 The Authors
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    Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample
    (Nature Research, 2022) Bago B.; Kovacs M.; Protzko J.; Nagy T.; Kekecs Z.; Palfi B.; Adamkovic M.; Adamus S.; Albalooshi S.; Albayrak-Aydemir N.; Alfian I.N.; Alper S.; Alvarez-Solas S.; Alves S.G.; Amaya S.; Andresen P.K.; Anjum G.; Ansari D.; Arriaga P.; Aruta J.J.B.R.; Arvanitis A.; Babincak P.; Barzykowski K.; Bashour B.; Baskin E.; Batalha L.; Batres C.; Bavolar J.; Bayrak F.; Becker B.; Becker M.; Belaus A.; Białek M.; Bilancini E.; Boller D.; Boncinelli L.; Boudesseul J.; Brown B.T.; Buchanan E.M.; Butt M.M.; Calvillo D.P.; Carnes N.C.; Celniker J.B.; Chartier C.R.; Chopik W.J.; Chotikavan P.; Chuan-Peng H.; Clancy R.F.; Çoker O.; Correia R.C.; Adoric V.C.; Cubillas C.P.; Czoschke S.; Daryani Y.; de Grefte J.A.M.; de Vries W.C.; Burak E.G.D.; Dias C.; Dixson B.J.W.; Du X.; Dumančić F.; Dumbravă A.; Dutra N.B.; Enachescu J.; Esteban-Serna C.; Eudave L.; Evans T.R.; Feldman G.; Felisberti F.M.; Fiedler S.; Findor A.; Fleischmann A.; Foroni F.; Francová R.; Frank D.-A.; Fu C.H.Y.; Gao S.; Ghasemi O.; Ghazi-Noori A.-R.; Ghossainy M.E.; Giammusso I.; Gill T.; Gjoneska B.; Gollwitzer M.; Graton A.; Grinberg M.; Groyecka-Bernard A.; Harris E.A.; Hartanto A.; Hassan W.A.N.M.; Hatami J.; Heimark K.R.; Hidding J.J.J.; Hristova E.; Hruška M.; Hudson C.A.; Huskey R.; Ikeda A.; Inbar Y.; Ingram G.P.D.; Isler O.; Isloi C.; Iyer A.; Jaeger B.; Janssen S.M.J.; Jiménez-Leal W.; Jokić B.; Kačmár P.; Kadreva V.; Kaminski G.; Karimi-Malekabadi F.; Kasper A.T.A.; Kendrick K.M.; Kennedy B.J.; Kocalar H.E.; Kodapanakkal R.I.; Kowal M.; Kruse E.; Kučerová L.; Kühberger A.; Kuzminska A.O.; Lalot F.; Lamm C.; Lammers J.; Lange E.B.; Lantian A.; Lau I.Y.-M.; Lazarevic L.B.; Leliveld M.C.; Lenz J.N.; Levitan C.A.; Lewis S.C.; Li M.; Li Y.; Li H.; Lima T.J.S.; Lins S.; Liuzza M.T.; Lopes P.; Lu J.G.; Lynds T.; Máčel M.; Mackinnon S.P.; Maganti M.; Magraw-Mickelson Z.; Magson L.F.; Manley H.; Marcu G.M.; Seršić D.M.; Matibag C.-J.; Mattiassi A.D.A.; Mazidi M.; McFall J.P.; McLatchie N.; Mensink M.C.; Miketta L.; Milfont T.L.; Mirisola A.; Misiak M.; Mitkidis P.; Moeini-Jazani M.; Monajem A.; Moreau D.; Musser E.D.; Narhetali E.; Ochoa D.P.; Olsen J.; Owsley N.C.; Özdoğru A.A.; Panning M.; Papadatou-Pastou M.; Parashar N.; Pärnamets P.; Paruzel-Czachura M.; Parzuchowski M.; Paterlini J.V.; Pavlacic J.M.; Peker M.; Peters K.; Piatnitckaia L.; Pinto I.; Policarpio M.R.; Pop-Jordanova N.; Pratama A.J.; Primbs M.A.; Pronizius E.; Purić D.; Puvia E.; Qamari V.; Qian K.; Quiamzade A.; Ráczová B.; Reinero D.A.; Reips U.-D.; Reyna C.; Reynolds K.; Ribeiro M.F.F.; Röer J.P.; Ross R.M.; Roussos P.; Ruiz-Dodobara F.; Ruiz-Fernandez S.; Rutjens B.T.; Rybus K.; Samekin A.; Santos A.C.; Say N.; Schild C.; Schmidt K.; Ścigała K.A.; Sharifian M.H.; Shi J.; Shi Y.; Sievers E.; Sirota M.; Slipenkyj M.; Solak Ç.; Sorokowska A.; Sorokowski P.; Söylemez S.; Steffens N.K.; Stephen I.D.; Sternisko A.; Stevens-Wilson L.; Stewart S.L.K.; Stieger S.; Storage D.; Strube J.; Susa K.J.; Szekely-Copîndean R.D.; Szostak N.M.; Takwin B.; Tatachari S.; Thomas A.G.; Tiede K.E.; Tiong L.E.; Tonković M.; Trémolière B.; Tunstead L.V.; Türkan B.N.; Twardawski M.; Vadillo M.A.; Vally Z.; Vaughn L.A.; Verschuere B.; Vlašiček D.; Voracek M.; Vranka M.A.; Wang S.; West S.-L.; Whyte S.; Wilton L.S.; Wlodarczyk A.; Wu X.; Xin F.; Yadanar S.; Yama H.; Yamada Y.; Yilmaz O.; Yoon S.; Young D.M.; Zakharov I.; Zein R.A.; Zettler I.; Žeželj I.L.; Zhang D.C.; Zhang J.; Zheng X.; Hoekstra R.; Aczel B.
    The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is, emphasizing rules, individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is, following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example, the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example, the trolley problem). Our knowledge is limited concerning both the universality of these effects outside the United States and the impact of culture on the situational and psychological factors affecting moral judgements. Thus, we empirically tested the universality of the effects of intent and personal force on moral dilemma judgements by replicating the experiments of Greene et al. in 45 countries from all inhabited continents. We found that personal force and its interaction with intention exert influence on moral judgements in the US and Western cultural clusters, replicating and expanding the original findings. Moreover, the personal force effect was present in all cultural clusters, suggesting it is culturally universal. The evidence for the cultural universality of the interaction effect was inconclusive in the Eastern and Southern cultural clusters (depending on exclusion criteria). We found no strong association between collectivism/individualism and moral dilemma judgements. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
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    Erratum: Publisher Correction: Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample (Nature human behaviour (2022) 6 6 (880-895))
    (NLM (Medline), 2022) Bago B.; Kovacs M.; Protzko J.; Nagy T.; Kekecs Z.; Palfi B.; Adamkovic M.; Adamus S.; Albalooshi S.; Albayrak-Aydemir N.; Alfian I.N.; Alper S.; Alvarez-Solas S.; Alves S.G.; Amaya S.; Andresen P.K.; Anjum G.; Ansari D.; Arriaga P.; Aruta J.J.B.R.; Arvanitis A.; Babincak P.; Barzykowski K.; Bashour B.; Baskin E.; Batalha L.; Batres C.; Bavolar J.; Bayrak F.; Becker B.; Becker M.; Belaus A.; Białek M.; Bilancini E.; Boller D.; Boncinelli L.; Boudesseul J.; Brown B.T.; Buchanan E.M.; Butt M.M.; Calvillo D.P.; Carnes N.C.; Celniker J.B.; Chartier C.R.; Chopik W.J.; Chotikavan P.; Chuan-Peng H.; Clancy R.F.; Çoker O.; Correia R.C.; Adoric V.C.; Cubillas C.P.; Czoschke S.; Daryani Y.; de Grefte J.A.M.; de Vries W.C.; Burak E.G.D.; Dias C.; Dixson B.J.W.; Du X.; Dumančić F.; Dumbravă A.; Dutra N.B.; Enachescu J.; Esteban-Serna C.; Eudave L.; Evans T.R.; Feldman G.; Felisberti F.M.; Fiedler S.; Findor A.; Fleischmann A.; Foroni F.; Francová R.; Frank D.-A.; Fu C.H.Y.; Gao S.; Ghasemi O.; Ghazi-Noori A.-R.; Ghossainy M.E.; Giammusso I.; Gill T.; Gjoneska B.; Gollwitzer M.; Graton A.; Grinberg M.; Groyecka-Bernard A.; Harris E.A.; Hartanto A.; Hassan W.A.N.M.; Hatami J.; Heimark K.R.; Hidding J.J.J.; Hristova E.; Hruška M.; Hudson C.A.; Huskey R.; Ikeda A.; Inbar Y.; Ingram G.P.D.; Isler O.; Isloi C.; Iyer A.; Jaeger B.; Janssen S.M.J.; Jiménez-Leal W.; Jokić B.; Kačmár P.; Kadreva V.; Kaminski G.; Karimi-Malekabadi F.; Kasper A.T.A.; Kendrick K.M.; Kennedy B.J.; Kocalar H.E.; Kodapanakkal R.I.; Kowal M.; Kruse E.; Kučerová L.; Kühberger A.; Kuzminska A.O.; Lalot F.; Lamm C.; Lammers J.; Lange E.B.; Lantian A.; Lau I.Y.-M.; Lazarevic L.B.; Leliveld M.C.; Lenz J.N.; Levitan C.A.; Lewis S.C.; Li M.; Li Y.; Li H.; Lima T.J.S.; Lins S.; Liuzza M.T.; Lopes P.; Lu J.G.; Lynds T.; Máčel M.; Mackinnon S.P.; Maganti M.; Magraw-Mickelson Z.; Magson L.F.; Manley H.; Marcu G.M.; Seršić D.M.; Matibag C.-J.; Mattiassi A.D.A.; Mazidi M.; McFall J.P.; McLatchie N.; Mensink M.C.; Miketta L.; Milfont T.L.; Mirisola A.; Misiak M.; Mitkidis P.; Moeini-Jazani M.; Monajem A.; Moreau D.; Musser E.D.; Narhetali E.; Ochoa D.P.; Olsen J.; Owsley N.C.; Özdoğru A.A.; Panning M.; Papadatou-Pastou M.; Parashar N.; Pärnamets P.; Paruzel-Czachura M.; Parzuchowski M.; Paterlini J.V.; Pavlacic J.M.; Peker M.; Peters K.; Piatnitckaia L.; Pinto I.; Policarpio M.R.; Pop-Jordanova N.; Pratama A.J.; Primbs M.A.; Pronizius E.; Purić D.; Puvia E.; Qamari V.; Qian K.; Quiamzade A.; Ráczová B.; Reinero D.A.; Reips U.-D.; Reyna C.; Reynolds K.; Ribeiro M.F.F.; Röer J.P.; Ross R.M.; Roussos P.; Ruiz-Dodobara F.; Ruiz-Fernandez S.; Rutjens B.T.; Rybus K.; Samekin A.; Santos A.C.; Say N.; Schild C.; Schmidt K.; Ścigała K.A.; Sharifian M.; Shi J.; Shi Y.; Sievers E.; Sirota M.; Slipenkyj M.; Solak Ç.; Sorokowska A.; Sorokowski P.; Söylemez S.; Steffens N.K.; Stephen I.D.; Sternisko A.; Stevens-Wilson L.; Stewart S.L.K.; Stieger S.; Storage D.; Strube J.; Susa K.J.; Szekely-Copîndean R.D.; Szostak N.M.; Takwin B.; Tatachari S.; Thomas A.G.; Tiede K.E.; Tiong L.E.; Tonković M.; Trémolière B.; Tunstead L.V.; Türkan B.N.; Twardawski M.; Vadillo M.A.; Vally Z.; Vaughn L.A.; Verschuere B.; Vlašiček D.; Voracek M.; Vranka M.A.; Wang S.; West S.-L.; Whyte S.; Wilton L.S.; Wlodarczyk A.; Wu X.; Xin F.; Yadanar S.; Yama H.; Yamada Y.; Yilmaz O.; Yoon S.; Young D.M.; Zakharov I.; Zein R.A.; Zettler I.; Žeželj I.L.; Zhang D.C.; Zhang J.; Zheng X.; Hoekstra R.; Aczel B.
    [No abstract available]