Browsing by Author "Hebishy, E"

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    Microbiological aspects and challenges of whey powders - I thermoduric, thermophilic and spore-forming bacteria
    Hebishy, E; Yerlikaya, O; Mahony, J; Akpinar, A; Saygili, D
    For dairy processors, spoilage and pathogenic spore-forming bacteria are key sources of concern, not only due to their ability to remain dormant in a desiccated state in powders and to survive heat treatments, but also their ability to form biofilms in the vegetative state that lead to contamination of foods. These include members of the genera Bacillus, Geobacillus, Anoxybacillus, Brevibacillus, Paenibacillus and Clostridium, many of which are associated with food poisoning and spoilage. Here, we review the common bacterial species that form spores in whey powders and their sources and provide insights into their risks and strategies to control them.
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    Microbiological aspects and challenges of dairy powders - II: Biofilm/biofouling
    Hebishy, E; Yerlikaya, O; Reen, FJ; Mahony, J; Akpinar, A; Saygili, D; Datta, N
    Biofilms generated during production of dairy/whey powders can cause contamination, spoilage and equipment failures, posing a significant challenge in the agri-food sector. Factors including temperature, protein composition, equipment structures and surface topography influence biofilm formation and resistance to cleaning and sanitation. Several species of bacteria are well adapted to these challenges, posing the most pressing concerns of dairy whey process. Despite efforts to improve cleaning-in-place strategies, bacteria persist in difficult-to-clean areas. This review provides insights into bacterial biofouling in dairy protein powders, highlighting the mechanism of biofilm formation, predominant bacterial genera, critical processing steps and strategies to manage biofilm formation during the manufacturing process. This review article aims to enhance understanding of bacterial biofouling in dairy protein powders, particularly whey powders, by examining the formation mechanism, critical processing steps, factors affecting biofilm formation and control strategies in dairy powder manufacturing. While previous reviews on general food processing and dairy biofilms have been published, this is the first specific review on whey powders. image