Browsing by Author "Ilhan, HA"

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    Gingival crevicular fluid galectin-3 and interleukin-1 beta levels in stage 3 periodontitis with grade B and C
    Afacan, B; Ilhan, HA; Köse, T; Emingil, G
    ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate GCF Galectin-3 and Interleukin-1 beta (IL-beta) levels in different grades (B and C) of stage 3 periodontitis, concurrently, and also to investigate their discriminative efficiencies in periodontal diseases.Materials and methodsA total of 80 systemically healthy and non-smoker individuals, 20 stage 3 grade C (S3GC) periodontitis 20 stage 3 grade B (S3GB) periodontitis, 20 gingivitis, and 20 periodontally healthy were enrolled. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded and GCF Galectin-3 and IL-1 beta total amounts were measured by ELISA. Receiver operating characteristics curve was used for estimating the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsGalectin-3 and IL-1 beta were detected in all participants. Both periodontitis groups had significantly higher GCF Galectin-3 total amounts than periodontally healthy controls (p <0.05). S3GC periodontitis group had also significantly higher GCF Galectin-3 levels than gingivitis group (p <0.05). GCF IL-1 beta levels in periodontitis groups were higher than gingivitis and periodontally healthy groups (p <0.05). Galectin-3 exhibited an AUC value of 0.89 with 95% sensitivity to discriminate S3GC periodontitis from periodontal health, an AUC value of 0.87 with 80% sensitivity to discriminate S3GC periodontitis versus gingivitis, while an AUC value of 0.85 with 95% sensitivity to discriminate S3GB periodontitis from healthy controls.ConclusionsGCF Galectin-3 levels are involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Galectin-3 showed excellent diagnostic performances to discriminate S3GB and S3GC periodontitis from periodontal health and gingivitis.
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    Full-mouth disinfection effects on gingival fluid calprotectin, osteocalcin, and N-telopeptide of Type I collagen in severe periodontitis
    Afacan, B; Cinarcik, S; Gurkan, A; Ozdemir, G; Ilhan, HA; Vural, C; Kose, T; Emingil, G
    Background To compare the effects of full-mouth disinfection (FMD) and full-mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD) on clinical, microbiological and biochemical parameters with conventional quadrant-wise scaling and root planning (Q-SRP) in severe chronic periodontitis. Methods In the present prospective randomized controlled clinical trial with three parallel arms (#NCT04038801), 60 chronic periodontitis patients were randomly assigned to three study groups by a consecutive number in ascending order: FMD (n = 20), FMUD (n = 20), and Q-SRP (n = 20). All measurements and treatments were performed by the same investigator. At baseline, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque were collected and clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. Ultrasonic debridement was completed within 24 hours in FMD and FMUD groups. Chlorhexidine gluconate was used for FMD. Q-SRP was performed by hand instruments per quadrant at 1-week-intervals. Clinical measurements and sampling were repeated at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Real-time PCR was used for quantitative analysis of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and total bacteria count. GCF Calprotectin, osteocalcin, and N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) levels were analyzed by ELISA. The changes of GCF biomarker levels after treatment between groups were the primary outcomes. Results No harm was observed. All treatment strategies resulted in significant improvements in all clinical parameters (P < 0.05), with no significant differences between study groups at all time-points (P > 0.05). Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was significantly decreased in FMD compared to FMUD and Q-SRP at 6 months (P < 0.05). Although GCF NTx total amounts increased in all groups during the study period, this increase was less prominent in full-mouth groups at three time points after treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusions Present results represent the short-term effects. Full-mouth treatment approaches offered limited beneficial effects on microbiological and biochemical parameters over quadrant-wise approach. All three treatment strategies can be recommended in the management of severe chronic periodontitis.
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    Effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on gingival crevicular fluid hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in generalized aggressive periodontitis patients
    Afacan, B; Yücel, ZPK; Pasali, Ç; Ilhan, HA; Köse, T; Emingil, G
    Background Hypoxia-inducible angiogenic pathway involving hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) may regulate several biological processes related to inflammation. The present study aimed to assess the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) HIF-1 alpha, VEGF, and TNF-alpha levels in generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP). Methods Twenty G-AgP patients and 20 periodontally healthy individuals were included. G-AgP patients received scaling and root planning (SRP), per quadrant at a 1-week-interval, performed with ultrasonic and periodontal hand instruments. GCF samples were collected and clinical periodontal parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index and plaque index were recorded at baseline, 1 and 3 months after treatment. Biomarker levels in GCF were analyzed by ELISA. Results At baseline all clinical parameters and GCF HIF-1 alpha, VEGF, and TNF-alpha levels were significantly higher in G-AgP patients compared to healthy control (P < 0.05). All clinical parameters improved over the 3-month-period in G-AgP patients (P < 0.05). GCF HIF-1 alpha levels in G-AgP reduced at 1 and 3 months post-treatment, however, this did not reach to statistical significance (P > 0.05). GCF VEGF and TNF-alpha levels remained unchanged throughout the study period (P > 0.05). Conclusions Within the limitations of the present study, although HIF-1 alpha seems to possess a potential diagnostic value for G-AgP, it might not be a proper predictor of clinically favorable treatment outcome. SRP plus different adjunctive therapies could provide better information about the prognostic role of hypoxia-inducible angiogenic pathway in G-AgP.
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    Oral biofluid levels of Activin-A and interleukin-1beta in stage III periodontitis
    Özden, C; Afacan, B; Ilhan, HA; Köse, T; Emingil, G
    Objectives Activin-A belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily and is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a role in inflammation, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration. Proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1 beta) can increase Activin-A expression in various cell types. This study aims to evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and salivary Activin-A and IL-beta levels in stage III periodontitis. Materials and methods 23 patients with stage III periodontitis, 26 with gingivitis and 26 periodontally healthy individuals were included. Full-mouth clinical periodontal indices were recorded, unstimulated whole saliva and GCF samples were obtained, Activin-A and IL-1 beta total amounts were determined by ELISA. Statistical comparisons were performed using non-parametric tests. Receiver operating characteristics curve was used for estimating the area under the curve (AUC). Results Periodontitis group exhibited significantly lower GCF Activin-A levels but higher IL-1 beta levels than the periodontally healthy group (p < 0.05). Gingivitis group had similar GCF Activin-A and IL-1 beta levels to the periodontitis and periodontally healthy groups (p > 0.05). Salivary Activin-A and IL-1 beta concentrations were similar among study groups (p > 0.05). GCF Activin-A level showed an excellent diagnostic performance (an AUC value of 0.82 with 87% sensitivity) to discriminate periodontitis from periodontal health. ConclusionsFor the first time, this study demonstrated oral biofluid levels of Activin-A in periodontal health and diseases. Within the limits of the study, it might be suggested that diseased sites in periodontitis are associated with reduced Activin-A and increased IL-1 beta levels in GCF.Clinical relevance.Reduced GCF Activin-A levels and the accompanying increase in IL-1 beta might be associated with diseased sites in stage III periodontitis. ConclusionsFor the first time, this study demonstrated oral biofluid levels of Activin-A in periodontal health and diseases. Within the limits of the study, it might be suggested that diseased sites in periodontitis are associated with reduced Activin-A and increased IL-1 beta levels in GCF.Clinical relevance.Reduced GCF Activin-A levels and the accompanying increase in IL-1 beta might be associated with diseased sites in stage III periodontitis. ConclusionsFor the first time, this study demonstrated oral biofluid levels of Activin-A in periodontal health and diseases. Within the limits of the study, it might be suggested that diseased sites in periodontitis are associated with reduced Activin-A and increased IL-1 beta levels in GCF.Clinical relevance.Reduced GCF Activin-A levels and the accompanying increase in IL-1 beta might be associated with diseased sites in stage III periodontitis.
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    The trefoil factor family 1 (TFF-1) and 3 (TFF-3) are upregulated in the saliva, gingival crevicular fluid and serum of periodontitis patients
    Yucel, ZPK; Afacan, B; Ilhan, HA; Kose, T; Emingil, G
    Objective This study aimed to investigate the levels of trefoil factor family (TFF)-1, TFF-3 and interleukin (IL)-1 beta in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva and serum of patients with gingivitis, stage 3 periodontitis and healthy individuals. Materials and Methods A total of 100 individuals consisting of 25 periodontally healthy, 25 gingivitis and 50 stage 3 periodontitis, were enrolled in the study. Clinical periodontal examinations were recorded and GCF, saliva and serum samples were obtained. TFF-1, TFF-3 and IL-1 beta were measured by ELISA. Results TFF-1 and TFF-3 levels in both GCF, saliva and serum were higher in periodontitis patients than healthy controls (p < .001) and gingivitis group (p < .01). The levels of these peptides in all biofluids were similar between gingivitis and healthy control groups (p > .05). GCF, saliva and serum IL-1 beta levels were also higher in periodontitis patients than the controls (p < .01). Periodontitis patients had elevated GCF and saliva IL-beta levels than gingivitis group (p < .001). Conclusion Elevated TFF-1 and TFF-3 levels both locally and systemically in periodontitis in parallel to increased IL-1 beta levels might suggest that these peptides are involved in host response during the periodontal tissue destruction.