Browsing by Author "Ilker S.S."
Now showing 1 - 20 of 25
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Evaluation of intraocular pressure and cataract formation following the long-term use of nasal corticosteroids(Medquest Communications LLC, 1998) Öztürk F.; Yücetürk A.V.; Kurt E.; Ünlü H.H.; Ilker S.S.It is possible that corticosteroids administered via nasal spray might reach ocular structures in levels sufficient to provoke an ocular hypertensive response and cause posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSCs) in susceptible individuals. In the present study, 26 patients who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery were evaluated prospectively with respect to intraocular pressure and PSC formation following the use of nasal steroids for at least three months. Eighteen patients (69%) self-administered 200 μg/day of budesonide nasal spray twice daily, and eight patients (31%) self- administered 200 μg/day of beclomethasone dipropionate nasal spray twice daily, for a period of three to 19 months (mean 8.8 ± 3.6 months). Ophthalmologic examination, tonometry, visual field testing and biomicroscopic studies revealed no evidence of ocular hypertension or PSCs during postoperative follow-up. We conclude that intranasal corticosteroids can be used safely for prolonged periods without increasing the risk of ocular hypertension or PSCs.Item The effect of long-term use and inflammation on the ocular penetration of topical ofloxacin(Swets en Zeitlinger B.V., 1999) Öztürk F.; Kortunay S.; Kurt E.; Inan Ü.Ü.; Ilker S.S.; Basci N.; Bozkurt A.Purpose. To study the penetration of ofloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous humors after long-term topical administration and to investigate the effects of inflammation on drug penetration in rabbits. Methods. A standardized model of intraocular infection after penetrating injury was achieved in the right eyes of 16 rabbits. The animals were randomly and equally divided into two groups. The intact left eyes of the groups were maintained as the control. Ofloxacin eyedrops (0.3) were instilled into all eyes at a frequency of 2 drops every hour for 7 hours in the first group and for 14 hours in the second group. Half an hour after the last drop, samples of the aqueous and vitreous humors were taken and ofloxacin concentrations were measured by using HPLC. Results. The mean aqueous humor concentrations of ofloxacin in control eyes after 7 and 14 hours of instillation were: 1.45 ± 0.93 μg/ml and 2.48 ± 0.33 μg/ml, respectively; those in infected eyes 2.35 ± 1.84 μg/ml and 3.49 ± 1.47 μg/ml, respectively. However the differences among the groups were not significant (p > 0.05). The vitreous ofloxacin concentrations in the control eyes were similar after 7 and 14 hours of instillation (0.23 ± 0.14 μg/ml, 0.27 ± 0.10 μg/ml, respectively). In infected eyes, the mean vitreous ofloxacin concentration after 14 hour of instillation was significantly higher than that in control eyes (p < 0.05; 0.4 ± 0.09 μg/ml, 0.29 ± 0.11 μg/ml, respectively). The mean vitreous ofloxacin concentration in infected eyes after 14 hours instillation was not significantly higher than that after 7 hours instillation. Conclusions. Topical ofloxacin instillation for 7 or 14 hours yields aqueous concentrations above the MIC90 for common ocular pathogens. Prolonged application and the presence of inflammation increased the penetration of ofloxacin into the vitreous humor.Item Effects of trauma and infection on ciprofloxacin levels in the vitreous cavity(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1999) Öztürk F.; Kortunay S.; Kurt E.; Ilker S.S.; Inan U.U.; Basci N.E.; Bozkurt A.; Kayaalp S.O.Objective: This study was designed to determine the effects of trauma and infection on vitreous ciprofloxacin levels after intravitreal injection of ciprofloxacin in rabbits. Methods: A penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of 24 rabbits. In the eyes of half of the traumatized animals, a standardized intraocular infection was induced by intravitreal injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus. The intact left eyes of the traumatized group were maintained as controls. Ciprofloxacin (200 μg/0.1 mL) was injected into the midvitreous cavity of both eyes in all animals and samples were obtained at 2, 8, 24, and 48 hours after injection. Drug concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis. Results: At the second hour, the mean vitreous concentration of ciprofloxacin in the traumatized eyes was lower than that in control eyes (P < 0.05). The mean ciprofloxacin concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the traumatized-infected eyes than were those in control or traumatized eyes at 24 and 48 hours. The elimination half-life of ciprofloxacin in control and traumatized eyes was 6.02 hours and 5.02 hours, respectively, and infection prolonged the half-life to 15.06 hours. Vitreous levels of ciprofloxacin were above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis in all groups at 2 and 8 hours, but also at 24 and 48 hours in traumatized-infected eyes. Conclusion: Infection appears to decrease the clearance of ciprofloxacin. Therapeutic drug levels in traumatized-infected eyes were maintained up to 48 hours. Assuming that the animal model used may have a predictive value for the drug elimination in traumatized-infected human eyes, we suggest that local administration of ciprofloxacin every 2 days may be relevant from the therapeutic perspective.Item The effects of acetylcholine and propolis extract on corneal epithelial wound healing in rats(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1999) Öztürk F.; Kurt E.; Inan U.U.; Emiroǧlu L.; Ilker S.S.Purpose. To investigate the effects of topical acetylcholine and topical administration of propolis, a natural beehive product, on corneal epithelial wound healing. Methods. The whole corneal epithelium was debrided in 42 eyes of 21 rats by mechanical scraping with a dulled scalpel blade. Animals were divided into three groups. Group 1 received topical 1% water extract of propolis (WEP), group 2 received topical acetylcholine (ACh), and group 3 (control group) received topical phosphate-buffered saline, 6 times a day for 3 days, starting immediately after debridement. The area of the corneal epithelial defect was stained with fluorescein, photographed, and then measured every 12 h. The mean epithelial defect area and the mean percentage of epithelial defect remaining at each follow-up were compared between the groups. Results. The mean epithelial defect area and the mean percentage of epithelial defect remaining at each time were significantly smaller (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively) in the ACh and propolis groups as compared with control groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the propolis or ACh groups at any time (p > 0.05). At 72 h, the mean percentage of defect remaining was 2.58% in the ACh group, 1.3% in the propolis-treated group, and 8.68% in the control group. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that ACh and propolis facilitated corneal epithelial wound healing of rats. Although the mechanisms of the effect of propolis on wound healing and its clinical use still remain to be determined, ACh may have a place in the treatment of corneal epithelial injuries.Item Ofloxacin levels after intravitreal injection. Effects of trauma and inflammation(1999) Öztürk F.; Kortunay S.; Kurt E.; Inan Ü.Ü.; Ilker S.S.; Basci N.E.; Bozkurt A.; Kayaalp S.O.Purpose: This study was carried out to get an insight into the ofloxacin elimination after intravitreal injection in rabbits. We also studied the effects of trauma and inflammation on the vitreous ofloxacin levels after intravitreal injection of ofloxacin. Methods: A penetrating eye injury in the right eye was inflicted on 24 rabbits and another 12 animals were used as control. A standardized intraocular inflammation was induced by intravitreal injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus in half of the traumatized eyes. Ofloxacin (200 μg/0.1 ml) was injected into the midvitreous cavity of both traumatized and control right eyes, and samples were obtained at 2, 8, 24 and 48 h after injection. Drug concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis. Results: Vitreous levels of ofloxacin were above the MIC90 at 2 and 8 h in all groups for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis and also at 24 h in traumatized-infected eyes. At the second hour, the mean vitreous concentrations of ofloxacin both in traumatized and traumatized-infected eyes were lower than that in the control eyes (p < 0.05). At 8 h, the mean vitreous concentrations of ofloxacin in the traumatized and in the traumatized-infected eyes were higher than that in the control eyes (p < 0.05). At 24 h, the mean ofloxacin concentration was higher in the traumatized-infected eyes than that in control (p < 0.01) and traumatized eyes (p < 0.05), and also higher in the traumatized eyes than that in the control eyes (p < 0.05). The mean ofloxacin concentrations in the traumatized and traumatized-infected eyes were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those in the controls at 48 h. The elimination half-life of ofloxacin in the control eyes was 5.65 h and trauma and inflammation prolonged the half-life to 9.47 and 9.72 h, respectively. Conclusion: Clearance of ofloxacin is fast and appears to be reduced by trauma and inflammation. Therapeutic drug levels in traumatized-infected eyes were maintained up to 24 h. This may be an important pharmacokinetic advantage in treating endophthalmitis unless the dose used has local toxicity and allows a longer dose interval when the dose is repeated.Item Ophthalmic findings in GAPO syndrome(1999) Ilker S.S.; Öztürk F.; Kurt E.; Temel M.; Gül D.; Sayli B.S.Background: The main manifestations of GAPO syndrome are growth retardation (G), alopecia (A), pseudoanodontia (P), and optic atrophy (O). Cases: This syndrome has been described in 21 patients from 16 different families. Four cases are from Turkey and have been presented by Sayli and Gul. The purpose of our study is to document the cases from Turkey and discuss the ophthalmological and neuro-ophthalmolgical findings of these and other reported GAPO cases. Observations: All patients in the literature and our 4 cases have severe growth retardation with delayed bone age in infancy, characteristic facial appearance (high and bossed forehead, midface hypoplasia), alopecia or severe hypotrichosis, and pseudoanodontia. Optic atrophy was present in 1 of our cases and in 5 previous cases. Glaucoma was present in 5 cases, including 2 of ours. Buphthalmia and keratopathy secondary to glaucoma were also observed. White eyelashes, seen only in our cases, may be a sign of 'early senility.' Conclusions: Optic atrophy is not a constant finding in GAPO syndrome. Glaucoma may accompany the ocular findings. This syndrome has been attributed to either ectodermal dysplasia or the accumulation of extracellular connective tissue matrix, due to an enzyme deficiency involved in its metabolism. Current studies show that an elastin defect and secondary changes in collagen may be important in the pathogenesis of the disease.Item Penetration of topical and oral ciprofloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous humor in inflamed eyes(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1999) Öztürk F.; Kortunay S.; Kurt E.; Ilker S.S.; Basci N.E.; Bozkurt A.Purpose: To assess the aqueous and vitreous penetration of ciprofloxacin after topical and combined topical and oral administration and investigate the effects of inflammation on drug penetration. Methods: A standardized penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of 16 rabbits. Intraocular inflammation was induced by intravitreal injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus in these eyes. The animals were divided into two groups according to treatment methodology: topical and topical-oral. The intact left eyes of the animals were maintained as controls. In the topical treatment group, two drops of ciprofloxacin 0.3% were instilled to both eyes every 30 minutes for 4 hours. In the topical-oral treatment group, animals were given two oral 40 mg/kg doses of ciprofloxacin at 12-hour intervals. After the last oral dose, the protocol of the topical group was applied to these eyes. Half an hour after the last drop, 100-μL samples were taken from aqueous and vitreous humor of all eyes. Drug concentrations were measured using high- pressure liquid chromatography. Results: Mean aqueous levels of ciprofloxacin in control eyes were 2.31 μg/mL (range, 1.02-6.27 μg/mL) in the topical group and 5.88 μg/mL (1.52-17.81) in the topical-oral group. Mean aqueous levels in inflamed eyes were 7.36 μg/mL (2.34-17.15) in the topical group and 14.43 μg/mL (2.18-18.66) in the topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels in control eyes were 0.77 μg/mL (0.09-1.93) in the topical group and 1.01 μg/mL (0.49-1.57) in the topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels in inflamed eyes were 0.95 μg/mL (0.18-1.27) in the topical group and 1.98 μg/mL (0.51-3.34) in the topical-oral group. There was no significant difference among the groups (P > 0.05). Mean aqueous levels in all eyes and mean vitreous levels in the combined topical and oral group of inflamed eyes were above the 90% minimum inhibitory concentration for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis. Conclusion: There is an increase in both aqueous and vitreous humor concentrations with inflammation and with oral and topical administrations, as opposed to topical only, of ciprofloxacin. Using oral as well as topical treatment may be a beneficial method of antibiotic prophylaxis in ocular trauma once a patient has received intravenous or intravitreal therapy.Item Chiasmal decussation in tilted disc syndrome PVER in tilted disc(Swets en Zeitlinger B.V., 1999) Öztürk F.; Kurt E.; Yoldaş T.; Ilker S.S.; Inan Ü.Ü.The tilted disc syndrome is a benign congenital abnormality of the optic nerve head. Since it can be confused with papilledema and chiasmal lesions, differential diagnosis is important. The tilting anomaly may be associated with other abnormalities along the optic nerve. Visual field defects may be similar to those in chiasmal lesions. In order to determine whether the normal crossover of nerve fibers at the chiasm is altered, the crossed and the uncrossed fibers were investigated using the pattern visual evoked responses (PVER) test. Thirty-four eyes of 17 patients diagnosed with tilted disc syndrome were evaluated for refraction, keratometry, color vision with Ishihara, visual field, and PVER. The presence of abnormal nerve fiber decussation was determined by recording PVER from the electrodes mounted on the scalp of both hemispheres. The amplitude and latency differences between the 'crossed' and 'uncrossed' fibers were not statistically significant (p>0.05). As a result, the tilting abnormality of papilla was found to be without chiasmal abnormal decussation.Item The efficacy of 2.5% phenylephrine and flurbiprofen combined in inducing and maintaining pupillary dilatation during cataract surgery(Wichtig Editore s.r.l., 2000) Öztürk F.; Kurt E.; Inan Ü.Ü.; Ilker S.S.PURPOSE. To evaluate the effectiveness of phenylephrine 2.5% and flurbiprofen 0.03% combined in inducing and maintaining mydriasis during extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). METHODS. One hundred patients undergoing ECCE + intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were randomly divided into four groups. The first group was given phenylphrine 10%, the second group phenylephrine 10% + flurbiprofen, the third group phenylephrine 2.5% and fourth group phenylephrine 2.5% + flurbiprofen. Cyclopentolate 1% was used in all patients. Phenylephrine and cyclopentolate were instilled preoperatively four times during 1 hour and flurbiprofen was given four times the day before surgery and twice with an hour's interval before operation. Pre-operative and post-cortex aspiration horizontal pupil diameters were measured with callipers viewed through the operating microscope. RESULTS. Pupil diameters in pre-operative and post-cortex aspiration were no different in the 2.5% and 10% phenylephrine groups (p>0.05). Both diameters were larger and pupillary constriction was smaller in the flurbiprofen groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS. 2.5% phenylephrine was as effective as 10% phenylephrine, with and without flurbiprofen, in inducing and maintaining pupil dilatation during ECCE surgery.Item The effects of prolonged acute use and inflammation on the ocular penetration of topical ciprofloxacin(2000) Öztürk F.; Kurt E.; Inan Ü.Ü.; Kortunay S.; Ilker S.S.; Başci N.E.; Bozkurt A.Purpose: To study the aqueous and vitreous penetration of ciprofloxacin after prolonged acute topical administration and to investigate the effects of inflammation on drug penetration. Methods: A standardized model of intraocular infection after penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of eight rabbits. The intact left eyes were maintained as the control. Two drops of ciprofloxacin 0.3% eyedrops were instilled topically every 1 h for 7 h to all eyes of the rabbits. Aqueous and vitreous samples (100 μl) were obtained half an hour after the last drop. Instillation was continued for 7 h more and samples were obtained as before. Drug concentrations were measured using HPLC. Results: The mean aqueous humor levels of ciprofloxacin were: in control eyes 1.31 ± 0.78 μg/ml after 7 h and 1.85 ± 1.69 μg/ml after 14 h of instillation; in inflamed eyes 2.18 ± 1.02 μg/ml after 7 h and 2.91 ± 2.12 μg/ml after 14 h. The mean vitreous humor levels were: in control eyes 0.65 ± 0.44 μg/ml after 7 h and 0.72 ± 0.8 μg/ml after 14 h of instillation; in inflamed eyes 0.67 ± 0.77 μg/ml after 7 h and 1.01 ± 0.43 μg/ml after 14 h. However, the differences among the groups were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Ciprofloxacin penetration into aqueous humor was higher in 14-h topical application than that for 7 h. Inflammation increased the penetration of topical ciprofloxacin into aqueous while administered for 7 h and into both aqueous and vitreous humor while administered for 14 h. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Item Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy without stents(2000) Ünlü H.H.; Öztürk F.; Mutlu C.; Ilker S.S.; Tarhan S.Objective: The aim of this study is to present our endoscopic DCR operation method without the use of silicone tubing and our results on the patients suffering from chronic epiphora with postsaccal stenosis. Methods: Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy operations were performed to 21 sides of 18 patients who had chronic epiphora. No silicone tubing was used in any of the cases. In the postoperative healing period, the rhinostomy opening was maintained with frequent removal of nasal debris and using eyedrops. The patients were evaluated by fluoresceine test and endoscopic controls. Results: Symptomatic improvement was achieved in 19 out of 21 sides of the patients (90.5%) and the results were confirmed by the fluoresceine test under endoscopic control. Conclusion: Our results of 21 sides of 18 cases underwent primary DCR without stents are as successful as those reported in the literature and the technique seems to be promising. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.Item Penetration of topical and oral ofloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous humor of inflamed rabbit eyes(2000) Öztürk F.; Kurt E.; Inan Ü.Ü.; Kortunay S.; Ilker S.S.; Başci N.E.; Bozkurt A.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the penetration of topical and oral ofloxacin into aqueous humor and vitreous humor in post-traumatic endophthalmitis model in rabbits. Methods: A standardized intraocular infection after penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of 16 rabbits. Intraocular infection was induced by intravitreal injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus. The intact left eyes were maintained as controls. The animals were divided randomly into two groups. (1) In the topical group, two drops of ofloxacin 0.3% eyedrops were instilled to both eyes every 30 min for 4 h. (2) In the topical-oral group, two doses of 25 mg/kg of ofloxacin at 12-h intervals were given orally, then the protocol of the first group was applied. Aqueous and vitreous humor samples were taken 30 min after the last drop. Ofloxacin concentrations were measured by using HPLC. Results: Mean aqueous levels of ofloxacin in control eyes were: 3.25 ± 2.55 μg/ml in topical group, 4.58 ± 5.39 μg/ml in topical-oral group. Mean aqueous levels in inflamed eyes were: 5.21 ± 4.55 μg/ml in topical group, 10.34 ± 8.88 μg/ml in topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels of ofloxacin in control eyes were: 0.17 ± 0.07 μg/ml in topical group, 1.30 ± 1.23 μg/ml in topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels in inflamed eyes were: 0.35 ± 0.22 μg/ml in topical group, 3.48 ± 2.69 μg/ml in topical-oral group. There was no significant difference among the groups (P > 0.05), however. Conclusions: The result of this study suggests that oral supplementation of ofloxacin to topical instillation increased the ocular levels of ofloxacin in the post-traumatic endophthalmitis model. Mean drug concentrations in aqueous and vitreous humors were above the 90% minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC90) for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis in all eyes, except in the vitreous humors of the intact eyes instilled topically. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Item Prevention of posterior capsule opacification by intraoperative single-dose pharmacologic agents(Elsevier Inc., 2001) Inan Ü.Ü.; Öztürk F.; Kaynak S.; Kurt E.; Emiroǧlu L.; Özer E.; Ilker S.S.; Güler C.Purpose: To determine whether an intraoperative single dose of dexamethasone, diclofenac, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), a combination of EDTA and RGD peptide (arginine-glycin-aspartic acid sequence), or mitomycin-C (MMC) is a pharmacological means of preventing or reducing the development of posterior capsule opacification (PCO). Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Manisa, and Department of Pathology, Dokur Eylül University, School of Medicine, izmir, Turkey. Methods: Fifty-four rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups. Dexamethasone (4 mg/cc), diclofenac (2.5 mg/cc), EDTA (8 mg/cc), a combination of EDTA and RGD peptide (2.5 mg/cc), or MMC (0.04 mg/cc) was given, 0.1 cc by hydrodissection and 0.9 cc into the capsular bag after phacoemulsification. The sixth group served as a control group. After 3 months, the PCO was graded clinically and the proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs) was evaluated histologically. Results: The drugs were significantly effective in preventing PCO compared with the control (P < .005). Dexamethasone had a weaker effect than the other drugs. In histological analysis, although monolayer LECs in the dexamethasone and diclofenac groups were observed, there was no proliferative activity on the posterior capsules in the EDTA, EDTA+RGD, and MMC groups in contrast to the multilayer cells in the control. Conclusions: Intraoperative single-dose application of EDTA, EDTA+ RGD peptide combination, and MMC significantly prevented the development of PCO in rabbit eyes. Diclofenac was less effective but also reduced PCO. Although dexamethasone did not prevent the proliferation of LECs, it decreased PCO clinically. © 2001 ASCRS and ESCRS.Item Prevention of posterior capsule opacification by retinoic acid and mitomycin(2001) Inan U.U.; Öztürk F.; Kaynak S.; Ilker S.S.; Özer E.; Güler C.Background: Our aim was to evaluate the effect of an intraoperative single dose of retinoic acid (RA) or mitomycin C (MMC) in preventing posterior capsule opacification (PCO). Methods: Twenty-seven rabbits were divided randomly into three groups. RA (250 μg/ml) and MMC (0.04 mg/ml) were given 0.1 ml by hydrosection and 0.9 ml into the capsular bag after phacoemulsification. The third group served as a control group. Three months after intervention PCO was graded clinically. Furthermore, proliferation of lens epithelial cells was evaluated histologically. Results: Two eyes developed corneal edema in the MMC group. On clinical assessment, RA and MMC were significantly effective in preventing PCO compared with controls (P<0.005). On histological analysis, there was significantly reduced proliferative activity on posterior capsules in the treatment groups, in contrast to multi-layer cells in the control group. Conclusion: Intraoperative single-dose administration of RA and MMC significantly prevented the development of PCO in rabbit eyes. The optimal biocompatible dosage must be carefully determined by further investigation.Item Relationship between serum lipoprotein (a) levels and retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes(American Society of Contemporary Ophthalmology, 2002) Kurt E.; Öztürk F.; Ari Z.; Yigitoglu M.R.; Sari R.A.; Ilker S.S.We studied whether there was an association between development of background or proliferative retinopathy and changes in plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and lipoprotein (a) levels in 112 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in 57 controls. Serum lipoprotein (a) levels were higher in patients with retinopathy than in individuals without retinopathy. Increased serum lipoprotein (a) levels correlated with higher degrees of retinopathy. Thus, lipoprotein (a) may play a role in the development of diabetic retinopathy.Item Efficacy of Eye Patching for Corneal Healing after Removal of Corneal Foreign Body(2003) Kurt E.; Öztürk F.; Inan Ü.Ü.; Emiroglu M.L.; Ilker S.S.Standard treatment of corneal epithelial loss includes an eye patch with antibiotic ointment. We compared the efficacy of eye patching with no eye patching on corneal epithelial healing of 84 patients after foreign body removal. Since no significant difference between two groups for corneal healing was found, antibiotic treatment alone may be sufficient for treatment of corneal epithelial loss after foreign body removal.Item Orbital exenteration: A dilemma in mucormycosis presented with orbital apex syndrome(2008) Songu M.; Unlu H.H.; Gunhan K.; Ilker S.S.; Nese N.Background: Mucormycosis is an uncommon, rapidly progressive, commonly fatal, opportunistic, fungal paranasal sinus infection. The most critical decision in the management of rhino-orbital mucormycosis is whether the orbit should be exenterated. The literature fails to provide a broad base of information of how physicians determine the need for exenteration in daily practice. The decision for exenteration often depends on the judgment of the treating otolaryngologist. The authors report their experience and outline that orbital exenteration may not be mandatory in all cases of rhino-orbital mucormycosis. Methods: The medical records from Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery were retrospectively searched from 1995 to 2007 for three cases with rhino-orbital mucormycosis, treated without orbital exenteration. Results: All patients with rhino-orbital mucormycosis who were treated without exenteration survived. Conclusion: The favorable outcome was attributable to rapid correction of the underlying medical condition; wide local excision and debridement of all involved and devitalized sinonasal and periorbital tissue, while establishing adequate sinus and orbital drainage; daily endoscopic assessment with multiple sinus debridement when necessary; daily irrigation of the involved areas; and high-dose i.v. amphotericin B. Copyright © 2008, OceanSide Publications, Inc.Item Idiopathic inflammatory neuroretinitis simulating optic nerve sheath dural ectasia(Informa Healthcare, 2013) Ilker S.S.; Seymenoǧlu G.; Tarhan S.; Uzun Ö.; Şencan S.We report a case of a 32-year-old female patient who presented with decreased vision on both eyes and headache. In fundus examination, both eyes had elevation of the optic disc and star shaped hard exudates in the macula. Magnetic resonance imaging was completely normal except the saccular dilatation of bilateral optic nerve sheath. The patient was treated with oral steroids following high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone. She displayed good anatomical and functional results during the follow-up. This case raises the possibility that optic nerve sheath enlargement, probably induced by an idiopathic inflammatory optic neuritis, may simulate dural ectasia of the optic nerve sheath. © 2013 Informa UK Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Vitreoretinal interface in asymptomatic fellow eyes of patients with unilateral macular holes; [Tek tarafli idiopatik maküla deliǧi olan olgularin asemptomatik diǧer gözlerinde vitreoretinal arayüzey özellikleri](2013) Seymenoǧlu G.; Ulusoy O.; Başer E.; Kayikçioǧlu Ö.; Kurt E.; Ilker S.S.Purpose: To compare the vitreoretinal interface of the asymptomatic fellow eyes of patients with unilateral idiopathic macular holes (MH) with the asymptomatic fellow eyes of patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERM) and with the healthy eyes. Materials and Methods: Thirty-tree patients with unilateral MH (group 1), 33 patients with unilateral ERM (group 2) and 33 healthy eyes were included in the study. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination and spectral domain optical cohorence tomography (OCT) was performed on all eyes. The incidence of the features of the vitreoretinal interface and foveal micro-structures in the OCT images were compared among the asymptomatic fellow eyes of patients with unilateral MH, ERM and one of the randomly selected healthy eyes of normal individuals which have any ophthalmic pathology except refractive errors. A complete posterior vitreus detachment (PVD) was considered to be present if the Weiss ring was seen on biomicroscopy or a hiper-reflective band representing a posterior hyaloid membrane over the entire macula was seen on OCT. Results: The incidence of perifoveal PVD was 45.5% in group 1, 21.2% in group 2 and 24.2% in group 3. The OCT scans showed different types of foveal deformations associated with vitreofoveal adhesions in eyes without a total PVD. The incidence of the foveal deformations associated with vitreofoveal adhesions was significantly higher (p<0.039) in the fellow eyes of the unilateral MH group (27%) than that in the other groups (0%). The OCT scans also showed residual foveal deformations in eyes with total PVD. The incidence of residual foveal deformation in eyes with total PVD was similar between MH and ERM groups (33%-27%, p=0,75), but it was significantly higher in the MH (33%) and ERM (27%) groups than that in healthy eyes (19%, p<0.01). Conclusion: The higher incidence of foveal deformations in the asymptomatic fellow eyes of patients with unilateral MH with vitreofoveal adhesions suggests that patients in whom MH may develop have abnormally strong vitreofoveal adhesions sufficient to cause foveal deformation and macular holes.Item Evaluation of subclinical multiple sclerosis patients using pattern visual evoked potentials and visual field test; [Subklinik multipl skleroz hastalari{dotless}ni{dotless}n desen görsel uyari{dotless}lmi{dotless}ş potansiyeller ve görme alani{dotless} testi ile deǧerlendirilmesi](Turkish Ophthalmology Society, 2014) Bilgin S.; Ilker S.S.; Çavdar E.; Türker I.Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate subclinical multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with normal visual acuity using pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP) test and central 30-2 threshold visual feld (VF) test. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients, 30 of which had a definitive MS diagnosis and 30 who were healthy volunteers, were included in the study. The participants were divided into the following three groups: Group 1 - optic neuritis (+) MS patients, Group 2 - optic neuritis (-) MS patients, and Group 3 - control group. Using white on white perimetry, SITA FAST central 30-2 threshold VF tests and 1°-0.3° PVEP measurements were performed. MD, PSD, p100 latency (ms), p100 amplitude (μV), and central 0-10°, 0-20°, 0-30°, 10-20°, 10-30°, 20-30° retina sensitivities (db) were evaluated in all groups. Results: There was a significant difference in all parameters between Group 1 and Group 3 (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in p100 latency 1°- 0.3°, p100 amplitude 0.3°, central 0-30°, 10-30°, 20-30° between Group 2 and Group 3 (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the parameters except for p100 amplitude 1° between Group 1 and Group 2 (p>0.05). Conclusion: The evaluation of PVEP and central 30° VF can be used to monitor disease prognosis in subclinical MS patients.