Browsing by Author "Inal, S"

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    Should we really compress the fracture line in the treatment of Salter-Harris type 4 distal femoral fractures? A biomechanical study
    Inal, S; Gok, K; Gok, A; Uzumcugil, AO; Kuyubasi, SN
    In this study, the indirect effect on physeal plate during interfragmentary compression of a Salter-Harris (SH) type 4 distal femoral fracture has been investigated. Three Dimensional (3D) model of a single configuration has been performed via SolidWorks. ANSYS Workbench software was used for numerical analyses. All boundary conditions have been defined in finite element analysis software. Since it is premature to state that compression created an additional stress load on the physeal plate in vivo, according to our results, it has been found that lateromedial compression in SH type 4 fracture of the distal femur caused an additional stress load on the physeal plate ex vivo. It is believed that screws need to be fixed without compression to avoid an additional iatrogenic physeal injury.
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    Biomechanical Effects of Four Different Configurations In Salter Harris Type 4 Distal Femoral Epiphyseal Fractures
    Gök, K; Inal, S; Gök, A
    In this study, the biomechanicaleffects of four different configurations (Parallel K wires, Parallel Screw, Upper K wire-Lower Screw, Upper Screw-Lower K wire), which are used for stabilizing Salter-Harris (SH) Type 4 epiphyseal fracture of distal femur after reduction process, on the epiphyseal plate has been investigated under axial, rotational and bendingforces in order to determine the most advantageous configuration. The fourdifferent configurations have been modeled by using SolidWorks and computer-aided numerical analyses were performed by finite element analysis software. The mesh process, boundary conditions and material model have been applied in finite element analysis software for each configuration. In addition, von-Mises stress values on epiphyseal plate, screws and K wires have been calculated. There is a general near trend on stress values in all configurations on physis line under bending (varus-valgus angulation, anterior-posterior angulation) and torsional forces in the frontal, sagittal and transverse plane respectively. Considering the axial forces, the highest stress was found on parallel K- wires configuration in physis while the lowest stress was found in parallel screw configuration. It has been found particularly advantageous to use fixation type in parallel screw configuration. In addition, in SH type 4 epiphyseal fracture, fixation type is found to be disadvantageous in K wire configuration.
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    Biomechanical effects of three different configurations in Salter Harris type 3 distal femoral epiphyseal fractures
    Gok, K; Inal, S; Gok, A; Pinar, AM
    In this study, the biomechanical effects of three different configurations (K-wire, stainless steel screws, and titanium screws), which are used for stabilizing Salter-Harris (SH) type 3 epiphyseal fracture of distal femur after reduction process, on the epiphyseal plate and fracture line have been investigated under axial, rotational, and bending forces to determine the most advantageous configuration. Three different configurations have been modeled using SolidWorks, and computer-aided numerical analyses were performed by finite-element analysis software. For each configuration, mesh process, boundary conditions, and material model have been applied in finite-element analysis software. In addition, von Mises stress values on growth of epiphyseal plate and K-wire have been calculated. According to the results obtained, it has been found particularly advantageous to use the fixation shape of configuration with screw. In addition, the fixation shape of K-wire configuration was found to be disadvantageous in the SH type 3 epiphyseal fractures.
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    Comparison of effects of different screw materials in the triangle fixation of femoral neck fractures
    Gok, K; Inal, S; Gok, A; Gulbandilar, E
    In this study, biomechanical behaviors of three different screw materials (stainless steel, titanium and cobalt-chromium) have analyzed to fix with triangle fixation under axial loading in femoral neck fracture and which material is best has been investigated. Point cloud obtained after scanning the human femoral model with the three dimensional (3D) scanner and this point cloud has been converted to 3D femoral model by Geomagic Studio software. Femoral neck fracture was modeled by SolidWorks software for only triangle configuration and computer-aided numerical analyses of three different materials have been carried out by AnsysWorkbench finite element analysis (FEA) software. The loading, boundary conditions and material properties have prepared for FEA and Von-Misses stress values on upper and lower proximity of the femur and screws have been calculated. At the end of numerical analyses, the best advantageous screw material has calculated as titanium because it creates minimum stress at the upper and lower proximity of the fracture line.
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    Biomechanical performance using finite element analysis of different screw materials in the parallel screw fixation of Salter-Harris Type 4 fractures
    Gok, K; Inal, S; Urtekin, L; Gok, A
    The biomechanical performance of stainless steel, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium and NiTi alloy has been compared to fix with parallel fixation in Salter-Harris Type 4 fractures. The best material has been determined under the axial load. 3D model of the parallel fixation has been performed via SolidWorks. Ansys Workbench software was used for numerical analyses. All boundary conditions have defined in finite element analysis (FEA) software. The boundary conditions such as the loading, contact, friction and material model have been determined for FEA. The stress values occurring in the epiphyseal plate of the femur, upper screw and lower screw have been calculated based on von-Mises criteria. At the end of numerical analyses, we have the opinion that, in practice, use of Ti screws in Salter-Harris Type 4 distal femoral fractures will be advantageous.
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    Comparison of Biomechanical Effects of Different Configurations of Kirschner Wires on the Epiphyseal Plate and Stability in a Salter-Harris Type 2 Distal Femoral Fracture Model
    Inal, S; Gok, K; Gok, A; Pinar, AM; Inal, C
    Background: We sought to investigate the different configurations of Kirschner wires used in distal femur Salter-Harris (SH) type 2 epiphyseal fracture for stabilization after reduction under axial, rotational, and bending forces and to define the biomechanical effects on the epiphyseal plate and the fracture line and decide which was more advantageous. Methods: The SH type 2 fracture was modeled using design software for four different configurations: cross, cross-parallel, parallel medial, and parallel lateral with two Kirschner wires, and computer-aided numerical analyses of the different configurations after reduction were performed using the finite element method. For each configuration, the mesh process, loading condition (axial, bending, and rotational), boundary conditions, and material models were applied in finite element software, and growth cartilage and von Mises stress values occurring around the Kirschner wire groove were calculated. Results: In growth cartilage, the stresses were highest in the parallel lateral configuration and lowest in the cross configuration. In Kirschner wires, the stresses were highest in the cross configuration and lowest in the cross-parallel and parallel lateral configurations. In the groove between the growth cartilage and the Kirschner wire interface, the stresses were highest in the parallel lateral configuration and lowest in the cross configuration. Conclusions: The results showed that the cross configuration is advantageous in fixation. In addition, in the SH type 2 epiphyseal fracture, we believe that the fixation shape should not be applied in the lateral configuration.
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    Comparison of parallel or convergent proximal schanz screw placement of pertrochanteric fixator in intertrochanteric fracture model
    Gok, A; Inal, S; Taspinar, F; Gulbandilar, E; Gok, K
    Intertrochanteric femoral fractures are serious traumas among elderly patients. In these patients, external fixator is a preferable method for the fixation of fractures. Therefore, this study was planned to compare the parallel and convergent proximal schanz screw placement of pertrochanteric fixator in the intertrochanteric femoral fractures with respect to biomechanical forces that stabilize the fracture line and to present their clinical importance. A commercial finite element based program, AnsysWorkbench was used to investigate the biomechanical parameters of the femoral intertrochanteric fractures and different placement of implants. The von Mises stress, von Mises strain and shear stress on the proximal and distal surface of the fracture line were lower in the convergent pertrochanteric fixator. Proximal schanz screws in convergent configuration pertrochanteric fixator had greater stress and strain values than proximal schanz screws in parallel configuration pertrochanteric fixator. The distance between the proximal schanz screws on the fracture line was measured as 12 mm in convergent configuration pertrochanteric fixator, and as 3.5 mm in parallel configuration pertrochanteric fixator. The angle between the proximal schanz screws in the convergent configuration was measured as 12.88 degrees. The effect of convergent and parallel configuration pertrochanteric fixators on axial loading demonstrated that convergent configuration pertrochanteric fixator was safer in this respect.