Browsing by Author "Karabulut F."

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    The typology of relative clause constructions in orkhon Turkic; [Köktürkçenin sıfat fiilli yapı tipolojisi]
    (Ahmet Yesevi University, 2008) Karabulut F.
    The American linguist, Noam Chomsky, made significant contributions to linguistic research by arguing that all languages in the world derive from a universal grammar and that syntactic differences in languages have emerged through certain transformations. His understanding of deep and surface structures in language has shed light on how languages work. This article first introduces Chomsky's theory of tranformational-generative grammar, which he developed in the 1950s as well as his government and binding theory developed in the 1980s. It then analyzes the typology of relative clauses within the context of Orkhon Turkic. In Turkey studies on relative clauses often employ a morphological approach. This study considers the relative clause as a structure instead and analyzes it from a morphosyntactic-semantic perspective. In other words, the study regards the relative clause not only as a word but also as a morphosyntactic element that plays a role both in its own governing domain and in the governing domain of the independent clause. The study looks into the role played by the modified noun transferred from the deep to the surface structure and attempts to determine the typology of the relative clause structure that emerges as a result of this process. © Ahmet Yesevi University Board of Trustees.
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    Central Asia as the focus of the struggle for power and legitimacy: The language and education policies of the Soviet Government; [İktidar ve meşrulaştırma mücadelesinin odaǧı orta Asya: Sovyetlerin dil ve eǧitim politikaları]
    (Ahmet Yesevi University, 2009) Karabulut F.
    In this study we focused on the language and education policies of the Soviet Government and Communist Party concerning Central Asian Turks through the analysis of textbooks used in schools. We tried to examine the struggle for hegemony and power during the process of Russianization. In order to bring to light the struggle for hegemony applied upon Turkic people and to analyze the policies carried out by Russians, we made use of Michel Foucault's work and his model concerning power and its apparatuses. While focusing on the Soviet Government's Central Asian language and education policy, we examined two primary school textbooks (one of the most significant normalization techniques of the government) published in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan in 1962 and attempted to show what kind of a role these books on reading and language learning played in the legitimization of power. © Ahmet Yesevi University Board of Trustees.
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    Immune responses elicited by the recombinant Erp, HspR, lppX, Mmaa4, and OmpA proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice
    (Akademiai Kiado ZRt., 2018) Okay S.; Çetin R.; Karabulut F.; Dogan C.; Sürücüoglu S.; Kizildogan A.K.
    Immunogenic potency of the recombinant Erp, HspR, LppX, MmaA4, and OmpA proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), formulated with Montanide ISA 720 VG adjuvant, was evaluated in BALB/c mice for the first time in this study. The five vaccine formulations, adjuvant, and BCG vaccine were subcutaneously injected into mice, and the sera were collected at days 0, 15, 30, 41, and 66. The humoral and cellular immune responses against vaccine formulations were determined by measuring serum IgG and serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels, respectively. All formulations significantly increased IgG levels post-vaccination. The highest increase in IFN-γ level was provided by MmaA4 formulation. The Erp, HspR, and LppX formulations were as effective as BCG in enhancement of IFN-γ level. The most efficient vaccine boosting the IL-12 level was HspR formulation, especially at day 66. Erp formulation also increased the IL-12 level more than BCG at days 15 and 30. The IL-12 level boosted by MmaA4 formulation was found to be similar to that by BCG. OmpA formulation was inefficient in enhancement of cellular immune responses. This study showed that MmaA4, HspR, and Erp proteins from MTB are successful in eliciting both humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. © 2018 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest