Browsing by Author "Keles, G"

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    Nanostructured Metal Oxide-Based Electrochemical Biosensors in Medical Diagnosis
    Keles, G; Ataman, ES; Taskin, SB; Polatoglu, I; Kurbanoglu, S
    Nanostructured metal oxides (NMOs) provide electrical properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, reaction activity, and good adsorption strength. Furthermore, they serve as a conductive substrate for the immobilization of biomolecules, exhibiting notable biological activity. Capitalizing on these characteristics, they find utility in the development of various electrochemical biosensing devices, elevating the sensitivity and selectivity of such diagnostic platforms. In this review, different types of NMOs, including zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), iron (II, III) oxide (Fe3O4), nickel oxide (NiO), and copper oxide (CuO); their synthesis methods; and how they can be integrated into biosensors used for medical diagnosis are examined. It also includes a detailed table for the last 10 years covering the morphologies, analysis techniques, analytes, and analytical performances of electrochemical biosensors developed for medical diagnosis.
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    Primary echinococcal cyst in the axillary region
    Ozsoy, M; Keles, C; Kahya, M; Keles, G
    Introduction: Human hydatid disease is a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus. It has worldwide distribution and is endemic in many countries, especially the Mediterranean region. It most commonly affects the liver and lungs although multi-organ involvement has been observed in 20-30% of patients. Case report: A 45-year-old woman presented to a gynaecologist because of a mass in the axillary region. Her mother and her two sisters were undergoing treatment for breast cancer. In her examination, a hard, semi-mobile, painless mass was found that was approximately 3 cm in diameter. Axillary ultrasonography showed lymphadenopathy. No abnormality was found in mammographic examination of either breast, or in abdominal ultrasonography and chest X-ray. Occult breast cancer was suspected but when the mass was excised for pathological examination the biopsy showed a hydatid cyst with germinative membranes. Subsequent lung, abdomen and brain tomography scans, whole body bone scintigraphy and hydatid serology, including indirect haemagglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were negative. For these reasons an isolated axillary hydatid cyst was diagnosed. Conclusion: Parasitic cysts should be considered in endemic areas in patients presenting with a soft tissue mass in the axillary region. Imaging methods should be planned to include this possibility.
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    Clinical aspects and risk factors of nosocomial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Bacteremia episodes in a Turkish intensive care unit
    Tunger, O; Vural, S; Cetin, CB; Keles, G; Borand, H; Gazi, H
    Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important nosocomial pathogen with increasing frequency in recent years, especially in immunocompromised and clinically debilitated patients. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of 35 episodes of S. maltophilia bacteremia at Celal Bayar University hospital in Turkey over a 3-year period from January 2003 to December 2005. Cases were identified with microbiology laboratory records and clinical data were collected from the medical record of each patient. The source of bacteremia was central venous catheter (CVC) in 65.7% (23) and respiratory tract infection in 2.9% (1) of episodes while the source of bacteremia was unknown in 11 (31.4%) episodes of bacteremia. Factors significantly associated with mortality were age of >= 65 years, APACHE score of >= 16, the presence of the total parenterall nutrition, anemia, low creatinine clearance level and shock. The most sensitive antibiotic was found as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (91.4%) in antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates. Susceptibilities of piperacillin-tazobactam and netilmicin which frequently used antibiotics as an empirical therapy were 62.8% and 68.6%, respectively.
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    Infant who Developed Noncardiac Pulmonary Edema after Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy
    Yüksel, H; Topçu, I; Ikizoglu, HT; Yilmaz, Ö; Sögüt, A; Keles, G
    Pulmonary edema may be secondary to cardiac or noncardiac etiologies. Noncardiac pulmonary edema develops as a result of increased vasopermeability, leading to water and protein leak into the interstitium. Negative pressure at the level of the alveoli during flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) may lead to the development of pulmonary edema. This is a rare complication in infants undergoing FFB. Dignostic FFB was performed on a four month old female patient with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy due to persistent upper respiratory findings. Additional respiratory tract anomalies were not observed in this case who was diagnosed as having laryngomalacia. She developed bronchospastic findings following FFB which improved with nebulized salbutamol treatment. Although her bronchospasm regressed two hours after the procedure, oxygen requirement continued and fine rales became prominent on pulmonary auscultation. Findings of pulmonary edema were observed in the chest X-ray. Mannitol at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg was administered with the diagnosis of pulmonary edema. Physical findings and vital signs normalized with treatment and oxygen requirement ceased. This case was discussed because pulmonary edema after FFB is a rare complication and this is the first experience with mannitol in the treatment.
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    Smoking alters VEGF and eNOS expression during coronary artery bypass graft surgery
    Toprak, V; Keles, G; Sirin, H; Ozbilgin, K; Saribulbul, O; Tok, D
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    Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy Experience in Childhood: Evaluation of 96 Cases
    Yüksel, H; Sögüt, A; Topçu, I; Yilmaz, Ö; Okkali, Z; Keles, G
    This study is presented to evaluate the results of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy performed at our Department of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit. Data of the 96 pediatric patients who had undergone flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in our clinic between January 2003 and February 2007 were evaluated retrospectively. Forty six patients (47.9%) were female and fifty patients (52.1%) were male. The mean age was 73.8 +/- 49.7 months, with a range of 2 and180 months. The most common indications for bronchoscopy were: persistent and/or recurrent pneumonia (24%), atelectasis (22%), suspected foreign bodies (10%), pulmonary tuberculosis (9%) tracheoesophageal fistula (5%), stridor (4%), and others (pulmonary hypoplasia, bronchial hypoplasia, gastroesophageal reflux, bronchiectasis, pulmonary hemosiderosis, hydatid cyst). Bronchoscopy findings of 19 (20%) patients were normal, while those of 77 (80%) patients produced findings which aided diagnosis and therapy. Moreover, rare pulmonary diseases such as tracheal bronchus in two cases and bronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma in one case with recurrent pneumonia were encountered. Complications were pulmonary edema in one case, laryngospasm in two cases, bronchospasm in one case, and fever in three cases. In conclusion pediatric FFB is an advanced diagnostic tool with high diagnostic value and a low and insignificant complication rate in experienced hands and technically advanced settings.