MCBÜ Açıkerişim Sistemi :: Browsing by Author "Kurt, E"

Browsing by Author "Kurt, E"

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Quantitative analysis of early retinal vascular changes in type 2 diabetic patients without clinical retinopathy by optical coherence tomography angiography
Altinisik, M; Kahraman, NS; Kurt, E; Mayali, H; Kayikcioglu, O
Purpose To investigate the quantitative differences in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) data between type 2 diabetes patients without clinically detectable diabetic retinopathy (DR) and healthy subjects. Methods Thirty-nine patients with type 2 diabetes without DR and 41 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. The vessel density and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in the superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus were measured using Nidek RS-3000 Advance (R) and compared between patient cohorts. Foveal vessel density (%) and FAZ (%) were also calculated. Results A significant decrease in vessel density has been observed in the deep capillary plexus of the patients compared to healthy individuals (5.58 +/- 0.98 mm(2) versus 6.15 +/- 0.89 mm(2), p < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in other parameters between cohorts (p > 0.05 in all parameters). Despite the decrease of deep capillary plexus density in the macular region, there was no significant change observed in foveal vessel density (p:0.44). It has also been observed that the duration of diabetes mellitus correlates with vessel density decrease in deep capillary plexus (R:-0.52; p < 0.001). In both groups, all parameters in deep capillary plexus were significantly higher than superficial capillary plexus (p < 0.001 for all parameters). Conclusions OCTA can identify quantitative changes in DCP before the manifestation of clinically apparent retinopathy. DCP-VD reduction may be an earlier finding than FAZ enlargement. Despite the reduction of VD, FVD could be preserved for a certain period of time in DM patients.
Familial pathologic myopia, corneal dystrophy, and deafness
Kurt, E; Günen, A; Sadikoglu, Y; Ozturk, F; Tarhan, S; Sari, RA; Fistik, T; Ari, Z
Background: Numerous syndromes with myopia and hearing loss have been described up to now. We present a family with pathologic myopia, corneal dystrophy, and deafness distinct from these syndromes. Cases: Ten patients in the same Turkish family were evaluated by ophthalmologic, audiologic, physical, radiologic, genetic, serologic, and biochemical examinations. Observations: Ophthalmic examination indicated that all the cases had myopia, 7 of them had pathologic myopia, 1 had intermediate, and 2 had mild. Four of the patients with pathologic myopia had corneal dystrophy that was bilaterally manifest as white opacities in the posterior stroma near Descemet's membrane in an axial distribution; 1 of these 4 patients also had a tilted disc. Otolaryngologic examination revealed conductive hearing loss in 3 cases, mixed hearing loss in 2. and sensorineural hearing loss in 1. The results of karyotypic analyses of all cases were normal. The pedigree analysis showed the disease was inherited through successive generations as an autosomal dominant trait. The results of biochemical, serologic, and radiologic investigations were normal. The same pathophysiologic process in all cases seemed to account for the myopia, the corneal dystrophy and the deafness. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this type of case has not been reported in the literature. Therefore, we named this syndrome familial pathologic myopia, corneal dystrophy and deafness. (C) 2001 Japanese Ophthalmological Society.
A Decision Support System for Role Assignment in Software Project Management with Evaluation of Personality Types
Celikten, A; Kurt, E; Cetin, A
Recent studies show that personal factors in software engineering are effective on team performance, motivation and job quality. Forming team members or incorporation of a new member into the team that currently working on a software project directly affects the project team's work performance and hence the progress of the project. In this study, a decision support system was developed to provide the ability to select team members according to personal characteristics in order to improve the performance of software project teams. The developed decision support system, determines the project roles that can be appropriate by analyzing the personality type of the project team members. The fuzzy c-means method, one of the fuzzy clustering methods, was used when the IPI personality inventory and personality type team members were determined to be appropriate to their personality type.
Relationship of retinopathy and hearing loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Kurt, E; Öztürk, F; Günen, A; Sadikoglu, Y; Sari, RA; Yoldas, TK; Avsar, A; Inan, ÜÜ
This study investigated whether the degree of diabetic retinopathy correlates with degree of sensorineural hearing loss. Seventy-five diabetic patients and 45 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were evaluated audiologically. Patients were classified into groups by severity of retinopathy. group 1 (n=28), no retinopathy, group 2 (n= 4), background retinopathy, and group 3 (n=23), proliferative, or end-stage retinopathy. Diabetics had a statistically significant difference at all frequencies of hearing loss, as compared with controls.
A multimodal ophthalmic analysis in patients with systemic sclerosis using ocular response analyzer, corneal topography and specular microscopy
Mayali, H; Altinisik, M; Sencan, S; Pirildar, T; Kurt, E
PurposeTo conduct a multimodal ophthalmic evaluation of systemic sclerosis (SSc) in patients using ocular response analyzer (ORA), Pentacam, and specular microscopy (SM).MethodsThirty-one SSc patients and a group of age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc), and Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg) were measured with ORA. Anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), and corneal volume (CV) measurements were obtained using Pentacam. Corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and CCT were evaluated by SM.ResultsSSc patients had significantly lower CH, ACD, and ECD values compared to the control group (p=0.018;<0.001;<0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference regarding CRF, IOP, CV, or CCT measurements acquired by Pentacam and SM. Regarding CCT, SM and Pentacam showed relatively better agreement in SSc patients.ConclusionsMultimodal imaging can provide more comprehensive and useful information regarding the ocular involvement of systemic diseases. The multimodal evaluation in our study demonstrated that the pathologic effects of SSc may manifest as reductions in ACD, corneal elasticity, and ECD before there are any detectable changes in corneal thickness or IOP.
Analysis of the Natural Course of Quiescent Macular Neovascularization with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Akgun, YD; Kurt, E; Altinisik, M
Purpose This study investigates the natural progression of quiescent macular neovascularization (qMNV) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods The study monitored 30 eyes of 28 qMNV patients over a period of at least six months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCTA were used to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses, noting any cases of activation during follow-up. Results Among the 30 eyes (14 female, mean age 69.70 +/- 7.63 years), 21 had age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and 9 had pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV). The mean follow-up duration was 18.9 months. There were no significant changes in qualitative morphological features, BCVA, or choroidal thickness (p > 0.05). However, there was a statistically significant increase in the areas of MNV and flow (p = 0.043 and p = 0.018, respectively). BCVA and MNV area showed no significant correlation (p = 0.103). Four cases (13.33%) showed activation after an average follow-up period of 27.75 months (6 to 48). Additionally, extrafoveal location was identified as a significant risk factor for exudation (p = 0.033). Conclusion OCTA is a valuable tool for monitoring qMNV and identifying potential predictors of disease activation. The qMNV area may increase over time, even in the absence of activation. Extrafoveal location appears to be a potential risk factor for qMNV activation.
Effect of propolis on endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits
Öztürk, F; Kurt, E; Inan, ÜÜ; Emiroglu, L; Ilker, SS; Sobaci, G
Purpose: To test the anti-inflammatory effect of propolis, a natural bee-produced compound, and compare it with corticosteroids fur the: treatment of endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Methods: EIU was produced in all rabbits by unilateral intravitreal injection of 2,000 ng Salmonella typhimurium endotoxin. The animals were then divided randomly into three groups as follows: group A received no treatment (control), group B received methylprednisolone (5 mg/0.1 mL) (positive control); and group C received propolis (5 mg/0.16 mL) by anterior sub-Tenon injection at the time of uveitis induction and at 4 and 8 hours after induction. Inflammation was evaluated by clinical manifestations and by measuring the protein concentration and inflammatory cell content of the aqueous humor. Results: The clinical grade, cell count: and protein levels in the aqueous humor were: control group (6.0 +/- 0.8, 2,519 +/- 470 cells/mu L. 32.9 +/- 2.4 mg/mL); methylprednisolone group (1.8 +/- 0.7, 572 +/- 137 cells/mu L. 15.2 +/- 1.8 mg/mL); and propolis group (2.3 +/- 0.5, 503 +/- 124 cells/mu L, 13.8 +/- 1.5 mg/mL). Statistically significant differences were recorded in the treatment groups when compared to the control group (P < .001). The effects of methylprednisolone and propolIs on EIU were similar (P > .05). Conclusions: Propolis showed significant anti-inflammatory effects on EIU iii rabbits. The mechanism of its action warrants further investigation. Jpn J Ophthalmol 1999;43:285-289. (C) 1999 Japanese Ophthalmological Society.
Miliary microemboli of the retinal arterioles and choriocapillaris after subcutaneous injection of triamcinolone acetonide
Kayikcioglu, OR; Altinisik, M; Ivan, S; Kurt, E
Purpose: To report a case of triamcinolone crystals associated miliary microemboli of the retinal arterioles and choriocapillaris. Methods: A 30-year-old woman with alopecia areata on her left auriculotemporal scalp, scheduled for 10 mg/ml triamcinolone acetonide steroid injections (maximum volume of 3 ml per session) for 1 month intervals, presented with a sudden decrease in vision in her left eye after 1 ml injection in a dermatology clinic. Results: On ocular examination her best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was hand movement in the left eye. Retinal examination showed multiple white-yellow steroid emboli in the superior and inferior temporal branch retinal arterioles which involves macula. Also there were diffuse yellow infiltrates in the choroid consistent with choroidal microemboli. Fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography images were suggestive for the retinal and choroidal ischemia. Conclusion: Subcutaneous triamcinolon injection may cause embolic occlusion of retinal and choroidal capillaries. Copyright (C) 2018, Iranian Society of Ophthalmology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
Should we worry about the eyes of celiac patients?
Dogan, G; Sen, S; Çavdar, E; Mayali, H; Özyurt, BC; Kurt, E; Kasirga, E
Purpose: In this article, we evaluate subfoveal choroidal thickness in celiac patients with respect to adherence to the gluten-free diet and nonadherence to the gluten-free diet, comparing with age and sex matched healthy controls using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Materials and Methods: A case-control study among 42 celiac patients and 42 healthy participants was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology. Celiac patients of our policlinics compliant with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography examination enrolled in the study. Celiac patients had been asked verbally about their adherence to gluten-free diet, were evaluated according to negative or positive EmA and anti-TG2 for defining adherence, and were divided into two groups (adherence to gluten-free diet and nonadherence to gluten-free diet). Results: Subfoveal choroidal thickness was thinner in EmA (+) or anti-TG2 (+) eyes than EmA(-) or anti-TG2 (-) eyes in celiac patients, but it was not statistically significant. The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness values in eyes with celiac disease, whose diagnosis time was longer than 60 months, were thinner than shorter group. Longer duration of gluten-free diet was associated with adherence difficulty and thinner choroidal thickness (r = -0.15, p = 0.34). Adherence to gluten-free diet was 88.2% for children below the age of 60 months and 57.1% for children older than 60 months. Conclusion: In conclusion, in addition to other extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease, diagnosis time longer than 60 months in pediatric celiac patients, nonadherence to the gluten-free diet, and antibody positivity should be focused on during ophthalmologic examination and choroid measurement.
Relationship between serum lipoprotein (a) levels and retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes
Kurt, E; Öztürk, F; Ari, Z; Yigitoglu, MR; Sari, RA; Ilker, SS
We studied whether there was an association between development of background or proliferative retinopathy and changes in plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and lipoprotein (a) levels in 111 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in 57 controls. Serum lipoprotein (a) levels were higher in patients with retinopathy than in individuals without retinopathy. Increased serum lipoprotein (a) levels correlated with higher degrees of retinopathy. Thus, lipoprotein (a) may play a role in the development of diabetic retinopathy.
Risk Factors of Peroperative Suprachoroidal Haemorrhage
Kayikiçoglu, OR; Emre, S; Demiray, B; Baser, E; Kurt, E; Ilker, SS
Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate peroperative risk factors of patients who had suprachoroidal haemorrhage during different types of intraocular surgeries. Material and Method: We retrospectively evaluated general risk factors of five patients who had suprachoroidal haemorrhage. For that purpose, we reviewed the preoperative systemic and ophthalmologic recordings, performed procedures, and complications during and after the surgery from patients' files. Results: Suprachoroidal haemorrhage developed during cataract surgery with phacoemulsification in three cases, in a combined glaucoma and cataract surgery in one, and pars plana vitrectomy in one case. As surgical risk factor, one case had posterior capsular rupture, one hypermature cataract and one previous retinal detachment surgery. In the case with age-related macular degeneration and intravitreal heamorrhage, suprachoroidal haemorrhage arose during pars plana vitrectomy. Only the patient who underwent combined mini-nuc and trabeculectomy procedure had expulsive haemorrhage. As systemic risk factors all the patients were elderly, systemic hypertension, pain during the surgery, anxiety related to panic atac and prostate hypertrophy were other detected risk factors. Discussion: According to our clinical experiences, detected risk factors in our patients were in concordance with literature data. In addition to this, despite the smaller incision size trend in ophthalmic surgery, suprachoroidal haemorrhage is still an important potential complication, particularly in patients who had previous ocular surgeries or who had associated ophthalmologic or systemic risk factors.
Efficacy of subthreshold micropulse laser combined with ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema
Biçak, F; Kayikcioglu, ÖR; Altinisik, M; Dogruya, S; Kurt, E
Purpose In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the visual acuity, macular volume, central macular thickness, change in number of intravitreal ranibizumab injections with micropulse laser applications after loading dose of anti-VEGF to DME patients. Study Design Retrospective study. Methods This study was carried out on 97 patients (45 ranibizumab and 52 micropulse grid laser+ranibizumab) with diabetic macular edema patients who were followed in the Retina Unit. At the control visit after three loading ranibizumab injections administered once a month, micropulse grid laser was applied to one group and ranibizumab injection was continued PRN to both groups for an average of 9.27 +/- 2.42 months and central macular thickness, macular volume and visual acuity were recorded. Results There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of gender, smoking and systemic diseases, initial central macular thickness, macular volume and visual acuity measurements (p > 0.05). Central macular thickness, macular volume and visual acuity values measured at the last follow-up of the patients were not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05). The mean post-treatment injection requirement was 4.19 +/- 1.01 for the ranibizumab with micropulse laser combination group and 5.53 +/- 1.14 for the ranibizumab group (p < 0.001). Conclusion Micropulse laser treatment after initial loading doses reduces the need for anti-VEGF injections. There is no deleterious effect on visual acuity and retinal imagings. Therefore, while combination therapy provides an effective treatment, it can also reduce the risk of complications of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. Studies with the participation of more patients may help in the selection of treatment methods by comparing micropulse laser combined with different injection protocols.
Reply to Letter to the Editor re: Unintentional Staining of the Anterior Vitreous with Trypan Blue During Cataract Surgery
Kayikçioglu, Ö; Mayali, H; Dogruya, S; Alp, S; Yilmazlar, AA; Kurt, E
Cytokine Expression Before and After Aspirin Desensitization Therapy in Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease
Aktas, A; Kurt, E; Gulbas, Z
Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is induced by acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and/or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Effects of desensitization on many mediators have been examined previously, but few studies addressed the influence of desensitization on T lymphocytes and T lymphocyte-derived cytokines. This study was performed to examine peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) cytokine expression in aspirin-sensitive patients who have asthma before and after aspirin desensitization. In this study, the release of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by CD4+ T lymphocytes prior to aspirin desensitization were also measured at intracellular levels, and expression of these cytokines after 1 month aspirin desensitization was evaluated. Twelve patients with AERD were included in the study. Two different control groups were formed, one consisted of 15 healthy people and second 12 aspirin tolerant asthmatic (ATA) patients using aspirin. A blood sample was collected prior to desensitization, and the tests were repeated by taking a second blood sample 1 month after the 4-day desensitization treatment. The proportion of lymphocytes secreting IFN-gamma in the study group was 15.61 +/- 4.40 % before desensitization and 15.08 +/- 5.89 % after desensitization. The rate of IFN-gamma secreting CD4+ T lymphocytes was 20.51 +/- 4.41 % in the normal control group and 16.07 +/- 5.7 % in the ATA group (p = 0.021). The ratio of CD4+ T lymphocyte secreting IFN-gamma was reduced in patients with AERD before desensitization compared to normal control group (p = 0.040). The levels of IL-2, IL-4, and the subsets of lymphocyte were not different before and after desensitization compared to control groups.
Penetration of topical and oral ofloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous humor of inflamed rabbit eyes
Öztürk, F; Kurt, E; Inan, ÜÜ; Kortunay, S; Ilker, SS; Basci, NE; Bozkurt, A
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the penetration of topical and oral ofloxacin into aqueous humor and vitreous humor in post-traumatic endophthalmitis model in rabbits. Methods: A standardized intraocular infection after penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of 16 rabbits. Intraocular infection was induced by intravitreal injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus. The intact left eyes were maintained as controls. The animals were divided randomly into two groups. (1) In the topical group, two drops of offloxacin 0.3% eyedrops were instilled to both eyes every 30 min for 4 h. (2) In the topical-oral group, two doses of 25 mg/kg of ofloxacin at 12-h intervals were given orally, then the protocol of the first group was applied. Aqueous and vitreous humor samples were taken 30 min after the last drop. Ofloxacin concentrations were measured by using HPLC. Results: Mean aqueous levels of ofloxacin in control eyes were: 3.25 +/- 2.55 mu g/ml in topical group, 4.58 +/- 5.39 mu g/ml in topical-oral group. Mean aqueous levels in inflamed eyes were: 5.21 +/- 4.55 mu g/ml in topical group, 10.34 +/- 8.88 mu g/ml in topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels of ofloxacin in control eyes were: 0.17 +/- 0.07 mu g/ml in topical group, 1.30 +/- 1.23 mu g/ml in topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels in inflamed eyes were: 0.35 +/- 0.22 mu g/ml in topical group, 3.48 +/- 2.69 mu g/ml in topical-oral group. There was no significant difference among the groups (P > 0.05), however. Conclusions: The result of this study suggests that oral supplementation of ofloxacin to topical instillation increased the ocular levels of ofloxacin in the post-traumatic endophthalmitis model. Mean drug concentrations in aqueous and vitreous humors were above the 90% minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC90) for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis in all eyes, except in the vitreous humors of the intact eyes instilled topically. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Penetration of topical and oral ciprofloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous humor in inflamed eyes
Öztürk, F; Kortunay, S; Kurt, E; Ilker, SS; Basci, NE; Bozkurt, A
Purpose:To assess the aqueous and vitreous penetration of ciprofloxacin after topical and combined topical and oral administration and investigate the effects of inflammation on drug penetration. Methods: A standardized penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of 16 rabbits. Intraocular inflammation was induced by intravitreal injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus in these eyes. The animals were divided into two groups according to treatment methodology: topical and topical-oral. The intact left eyes of the animals were maintained as controls. In the topical treatment group, two drops of ciprofloxacin 0.3% were instilled to both eyes every 30 minutes for 4 hours. In the topical-oral treatment group, animals were given two oral 40 mg/kg doses of ciprofloxacin at 12-hour intervals. After the last oral dose, the protocol of the topical group was applied to these eyes. Half an hour after the last drop, 100-muL samples were taken from aqueous and vitreous humor of ail eyes. Drug concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Results: Mean aqueous levels of ciprofloxacin in control eyes were 2.31 mug/mL (range, 1.02-6.27 mug/ml) in the topical group and 5.88 mug/mL (1.52-17.81) in the topical-oral group. Mean aqueous levels in inflamed eyes were 7.36 mug/mL (2.34-17.15) in the topical group and 14.43 mug/mL (2.18-18.66) in the topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels in control eyes were 0.77 mug/mL (0.09-1.93) in the topical group and 1.01 mug/mL(0.49-1.57) in the topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels in inflamed eyes were 0.95 mug/mL (0.18-1.27) in the topical group and 1.98 mug/mL (0.51-3.34) in the topical-oral group. There was no significant difference among the groups (P > 0.05). Mean aqueous levels in all eyes and mean vitreous levels in the combined topical and oral group of inflamed eyes were above the 90% minimum inhibitory concentration for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis. Conclusion: There is an increase in both aqueous and Vitreous humor concentrations with inflammation and with oral and topical administrations, as opposed to topical only, of ciprofloxacin, Using oral as well as topical treatment may be a beneficial method of antibiotic prophylaxis in ocular trauma once a patient has received intravenous or intravitreal therapy.
Unintentional Staining of the Anterior Vitreous With Trypan Blue During Cataract Surgery
Kayikçioglu, ÖR; Mayali, H; Dogruya, S; Alp, S; Yilmazlar, AA; Kurt, E
During phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation surgery, the trypan blue dye used to stain the anterior capsule passed into vitreous cavity and stained the anterior capsule and anterior vitreous in 6 patients. There was history of trauma in 2 patients, uveitis in 1 patient, mature cataract in 1 patient, and no risk factors in the other patients. IOL was implanted in-the-bag without problem in 5 patients. In the patient with iris and zonular defects due to trauma, a sutured IOL was implanted in the same session. The migration of trypan blue into the vitreous cavity through damaged or intact lens zonules is a rare but important complication that makes subsequent surgical steps substantially more difficult.
Ofloxacin levels after intravitreal injection -: Effects of trauma and inflammation
Öztürk, F; Kortunay, S; Kurt, E; Inan, ÜÜ; Ilker, SS; Basci, NE; Bozkurt, A; Kayaalp, SO
Purpose: This study was carried out to get an insight into the ofloxacin elimination after intravitreal injection in rabbits. We also studied the effects of trauma and inflammation on the vitreous ofloxacin levels after intravitreal injection of ofloxacin. Methods: A penetrating eye injury in the right eye was inflicted on 24 rabbits and another 12 animals were used as control. A standardized intraocular inflammation was induced by intravit-real injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus in half of the traumatized eyes. Ofloxacin (200 mu g/0.1 ml) was injected into the midvitreous cavity of both traumatized and control right eyes, and samples were obtained at 2, 8, 24 and 48 h after injection. Drug concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis. Results: Vitreous levels of ofloxacin were above the MIC90 at 2 and 8 h in all groups for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis and also at 24 h in traumatized-infected eyes. At the second hour, the mean vitreous concentrations of ofloxacin both in traumatized and traumatized infected eyes were lower than that in the control eyes (p < 0.05). At 8 h, the mean vitreous concentrations of ofloxacin in the traumatized and in the traumatized-infected eyes were higher than that in the control eyes (p < 0.05). At 24 h, the mean ofloxacin concentration was higher in the traumatized-infected eyes than that in control (p < 0.01) and traumatized eyes (p < 0.05), and also higher in the traumatized eyes than that in the control eyes (p < 0.05). The mean ofloxacin concentrations in the traumatized and traumatized-infected eyes were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those in the controls at 48 h. The elimination half-life of ofloxacin in the control eyes was 5.65 h and trauma and inflammation prolonged the half-life to 9.47 and 9.72 h, respectively. Conclusion: Clearance of ofloxacin is fast and appears to be reduced by trauma and inflammation. Therapeutic drug levels in traumatized-infected eyes were maintained up to 24 h. This may be an important pharmacokinetic advantage in treating endophthalmitis unless the dose used has local toxicity and allows a longer dose interval when the dose is repeated.
Is pseudoexfoliation associated with sensorineural hearing loss?
Ozturk, F; Kurt, E; Inan, UU; Derekoy, S; Ermis, SS; Asagidag, A
Objective: To determine the possible relation between pseudoexfoliation (PSX) and sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: This study was carried out in Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey between July 2002 and June 2005. Sixty-three patients who were found to have ocular PSX on routine biomicroscopic examination, and 38 age-matched control subjects were evaluated for evidence of audiometric abnormality. The sum of pure-tone hearing threshold measured at 250-2000 Hz, 2000-6000 Hz, and 250-6000 Hz in each ear was compared with controls for the same frequencies. Results: The mean age of the patients was 68.4 +/- 10.3 years. All patients had PSX affecting at least one eye. Fifty (79.4%) patients with PM and 10 (26.3%) control subjects were found to have hearing loss (p=0.00, chi-square). From the 50 patients with PSX who had hearing loss, 34 patients had bilateral PSX, and 16 patients had unilateral PSX Twenty-nine patients had high frequency hearing loss, while 20 patients had hearing loss in all frequencies. Forty-eight patients with PSX and 7 controls had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (p=0.030). Conclusion: Sensorineural hearing loss was seen more frequently in patients with PSX in comparison with age-matched control subjects.
The effect of long-term use and inflammation on the ocular penetration of topical ofloxacin
Öztürk, F; Kortunay, S; Kurt, E; Inan, ÜÜ; Ilker, SS; Basci, N; Bozkurt, A
Purpose. To study the,penetration of ofloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous humors after long-term topical administration and to investigate the effects of inflammation on drug penetration in rabbits. Methods. A standardized model of intraocular infection after penetrating injury was achieved in the right eyes of 16 rabbits. The animals were randomly and equally-divided into two groups. The intact left eyes of the groups were maintained as the control. Ofloxacin eyedrops (0.3%) were instilled into all eyes at a frequency of 2 drops every hour for 7 hours in the first group and for 14 hours in the second group. Half an hour after the last drop, samples of the aqueous and vitreous humors were taken and ofloxacin concentrations were measured by using HPLC. Results. The mean aqueous humor concentrations of ofloxacin in control eyes after 7:and 14 hours of instillation were: 1.45 +/- 0.93 mu g/ml and 2.48 +/- 0.33 mu g/ml, respectively; those in infected eyes 2.35 +/- 1.84 mu g/ml and 3.49 +/- 1.47 mu g/ml, respectively. However the differences among the groups were not significant (p > 0.05). The vitreous ofloxacin concentrations in the control eyes were similar after 7 and 14 hours of instillation (0.23 +/- 0.14 mu g/ml, 0.27 +/- 0.10 mu g/ml, respectively). In infected eyes, the mean vitreous ofloxacin concentration after 14 hour of instillation was significantly higher than that in control eyes (p < 0.05; 0.4 +/- 0.09 mu g/ml, 0.29 +/- 0.11 mu g/ml, respectively). The mean vitreous ofloxacin concentration in infected eyes after 14 hours instillation was not significantly higher than that after 7 hours instillation. Conclusions. Topical ofloxacin instillation for 7 or 14 hours yields aqueous concentrations above the MIC90 for common ocular pathogens. Prolonged application and the presence of inflammation increased the penetration of ofloxacin into the vitreous humor.

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