Browsing by Author "Mutaf T."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Sustainable biorefineries for circular bioeconomy
    (Elsevier, 2021) Inam A.; Mutaf T.; Deniz I.
    Increasing population creates demand for biotechnological products, especially biofuels and bio-based chemicals, due to the difficulties in meeting them with natural resources, recently. By taking into the considerations of the dominancy of nonrenewable resources in industry, circular bioeconomy concept must be applied using biomass and organic wastes having high potential about biorefinery as sustainable resources. When considering biorefinery technologies, techno-economical, environmental, and social assessments must be given particular importance for providing the sustainability and the integration of biorefinery to commercial applications. In the design of new technologies and production systems for biofuels and bio-based chemicals, some approaches are supported by biotechnology improvements. For example, integration of the metabolic engineering and novel technologies for bioconversions with integrated or cascade approaches and optimization of bioprocesses for decreasing the cost of raw materials will pave the way for practicality of wide ranges of these products. Thus fuels and chemicals produced from several resources by biorefinery approaches could compete with the traditional ones, financially and ecologically. In this chapter, while it was given information about evaluation of several biomass and wastes into multiple value-added and sustainable products in biorefinery perspectives, also specific assessments with novel technologies were emphasized. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Green Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nanoparticles Using Microalga, Phaeodactylum tricornutum
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Caliskan G.; Mutaf T.; Agba H.C.; Elibol M.
    Nanoparticles synthesized from microalgae offer a newly discovered process that is open to improvement. In this study supernatant of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum) culture was used for this purpose. Firstly, the effects of some variables, namely titanium concentrations, titanium:supernatant ratio, pH, incubation time, and mixing speed on nanoparticle synthesis were investigated by using statistical design method in shaken culture as well as bioreactor. The average nanoparticle size synthesized in optimum conditions which were pH 7.5 with 300 rpm for 1 h was found as 50 nm. In the second part, nanoparticles were coated with a chitosan solution to protect their stability and increase their potential. Therefore, the antimicrobial activity showed a reasonable effect on these nanoparticles coated with chitosan. Nanoparticles produced had interestingly shown 99% antistatic properties. According to the cytotoxicity test, these nanoparticles showed a high cytotoxic effect on different cancer cell lines. The results obtained in the present study can be considered promising outcomes for possible future antimicrobial, biogenic and antistatic studies particularly in biomedical applications. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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    Green synthesis of titanium nanoparticles using a sustainable microalgal metabolite solution for potential biotechnological activities
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2023) Mutaf T.; Caliskan G.; Ozel H.; Akagac G.; Öncel S.Ş.; Elibol M.
    In this study, green synthesis of titanium nanoparticles using liquids metabolites of microalgae, Porphyridium cruentum, was performed to evaluate potential biotechnological activity. The rising rates of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the number of cancer patients are driving the search for novel antimicrobial and anticancer agents to combat this threat. In recent years, with the increasing number of studies, nanomaterials are starting to be better understood and are emerging as a solution to this problem. Especially, green synthesized nanoparticles with anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities have potential in biomedical applications because of their eco-friendly and biocompatible nature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that spherical shaped Ti-NPs' size ranged from 62 to 133 nm. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of antibacterial activity of Ti-NPs and chitosan-coated Ti-NPs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using disc diffusion assay. It demonstrated the concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect of Ti-NPs of human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3), human alveolar adenocarcinoma (A549), and human mammary gland adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB) cancer cell lines. This present study shows promising outcomes for possible future applications of synthesized Ti-NPs as a novel antibacterial and cytotoxic agent for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, biosensor, and hyperthermia. © 2023 Curtin University and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Life cycle assessment of biofuels
    (Elsevier, 2023) Mutaf T.; Inam A.; Deniz I.
    Eco-friendly, sustainable, renewable energy sources have attracted the attentions in recent years to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, environmental pollution, and dependency on irreversible, conventional fossil sources. Biofuels are used commonly for heat energy, electricity, and transportation as a renewable source, whereas there are some limitations to commercial scale production of biofuels such as biomass feedstock selection, production technology, biofuel conversion process and environmental, social, and economic issues for sustainability aspect. To overcome these challenges, life cycle assessment has been applied for evaluating biofuel sustainability. Also, life cycle analysis helps the policymakers to select the most beneficial biofuel for specific usage area. This current chapter aims the requirements of life cycle assessment of biofuels and recent studies focused on life cycle analysis for various biofuel sources. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Bubble column and airlift bioreactor systems for animal cell culture applications
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2023) Mutaf T.; Oncel S.S.
    Many biopharmaceutical industries have focused on the screening for novel cell lines and producers for manufacturing of advanced therapeutics. Commercial scale productions at reduced cost and improved productivity are only possible with the bioreactor systems. Animal cell culture bioreactors have all started to draw attention in view that 20th century and advanced significantly over the previous few a long time especially with the need for viral vaccine productions, monoclonal antibody productions and in vitro meat productions. To produce these high value-added products in large scales, bioreactor configurations are advanced to reduce investment and operational costs, control the process parameters, enhance productivity, and make easier scale-up. Although novel bioreactor systems have interested in recent years, conventional bubble column and airlift systems are still the most familiar and experienced bioreactors. Pneumatically agitated bioreactors have been studied for many years in animal cell culture. This current review intends to provide an overview of pneumatic bioreactor productions for animal cell culture applications in key items of cell culture and bioreactor technology, for example, design parameters, transport phenomena during cultivation, shear sensitivity of cells. Besides, the previous studies, investigated that the design parameters and process conditions for productivity and shear sensitivity, have been reviewed and summarized. © 2022 Curtin University and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.