Browsing by Author "Mutlu A."
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Item Freeness conditions for crossed squares and squared complexes(Springer Netherlands, 2000) Mutlu A.; Porter T.Following Ellis, we investigate the notion of totally free crossed square and related squared complexes. It is shown how to interpret the information in a free simplicial group given with a choice of CW-basis, in terms of the data for a totally free crossed square. Results of Ellis then apply to give a description in terms of tensor products of crossed modules. The paper ends with a purely algebraic derivation of a result of Brown and Loday.Item Iterated Peiffer pairings in the Moore complex of a simplicial group(Springer Netherlands, 2001) Mutlu A.; Porter T.We introduce a pairing structure within the Moore complex NG of a simplicial group G and use it to investigate generators for NGn ∩ Dn where Dn is the subgroup generated by degenerate elements. This is applied to the study of algebraic models for homotopy types.Item Freeness conditions of tensors and coproducts of groups(Association for Scientific Research, 2004) Mutlu A.Using a free simplicial group with given a CW-basis, we give an alternative description of the top group of the free square complex and 2-crossed complex of groups on 2-construction data in terms of tensors and coproducts of crossed module of groups. Therefore the functors are given between these categorical constructions.Item The importance of motor functional levels from the activity limitation perspective of ICF in children with cerebral palsy(2010) Mutlu A.; Akmese P.P.; Gunel M.K.; Karahan S.; Livanelioglu A.Our purpose in this study was to evaluate performance and capacity as defined by Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) from the 'activity limitation' perspective of International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) and to investigate the relationship between the two classification systems in different subtypes of cerebral palsy (CP). This prospective cross-sectional study was performed on 448 children with CP ranging from 4 to 15 years of age. Activity limitations were studied with the GMFCS for gross motor function and MACS for manual ability. The Spearman's correlation coefficient, contingency coefficient, and Cramer's V coefficient were used to assess the strength and significance of the association between GMFCS and MACS. The overall agreement between GMFCS and MACS was found to be 41%. The agreement was 42% in spastic children, 40% in dyskinetic children, 50% in ataxic children, and 28% in mixed type children. The overall k value was k=0.235 (P<0.001). The k coefficient was 0.252 in spastic children, 0.245 in dyskinetic children, 0.318 in ataxic children, and 0.023 in mixed type children. All the k coefficients except the value for the mixed type were found to be significant. The usage of two different classification systems, GMFCS and MACS, to describe the capacity and performance in children with CP as defined by the ICF provides an easy and quick classification tool for indicating 'activity limitations' of ICF in children with CP. The next step in research should be to highlight the other domains such as participation restrictions in these children. © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health.Item Comparison of the family environment perception levels of the mothers who have physically handicapped children in preschool and primary school period(2011) Akmeşe P.P.; Kayhan N.; Mutlu A.Mothers and fathers are accepted as having major roles in the development and education period of the physically handicapped children. Most intensive periods of children to interest and care of their mothers are; preschool and primary school periods therefore these periods have great importance in physically handicapped children. This study aimed to compare the family environment perception levels of the mothers who have physically handicapped children in preschool (3-6 years) and primary school (7-10 years) period. This study included 84 physically handicapped children and their mothers. Perception of family environment of mothers were determined by Family Environment Questionnaire-FEQ. The results indicated that preschool or primary school period did not effect the family environment perception of the mothers of the physically handicapped children (p>0.05). Physically handicapped children requires different support services © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Item Investigation of depression levels of mothers with physically handicapped children(2011) Akmeşe P.P.; Kayhan N.; Mutlu A.Having a physically handicapped children affect the life of the mothers negatively. This study aimed to investigate the depression levels of the mothers who have physically handicapped children. This study included 51 physically handicapped children and their mothers. Demographic characteristics were determined. Depression levels of the mothers were determined by Beck Depression Inventory, which was developed by Beck et al in 1961 and realibility and validity were studied by Hisli (1988, 1989). Datas were analysed by Independent Sample t test and Pearson correlation test in SPSS 15.0 programme and statistical significance was accepted as p<0, 05. Determination of depression levels of the mothers who have physically handicapped children are required in order to provide psychological support to mothers when needed. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Item 1-skeleton resolution of free simplicial algebras with given CW-basis(2011) Mutlu A.; Mutlu B.In this paper we use the definition of CW basis of a free simplicial algebra. Using the free simplicial algebra, it is shown to construct free or totally free 2-crossed modules on suitable construction data with given a CW -basis of the free simplicial algebra. We give applications free crossed squares, free squared complexes and free 2-crossed complexes by using of 1(one) skeleton resolution of a step by step construction of the free simplicial algebra with a given CW - basis.Item 1-skeleton resolution of free simplicial algebras with given CW-basis(2012) Mutlu A.; Mutlu B.In this paper we use the definition of CW basis of a free simplicial algebra. Using the free simplicial algebra, it is shown to construct free or totally free 2-crossed modules on suitable construction data with given a CW-basis of the free simplicial algebra. We give applications free crossed squares, free squared complexes and free 2-crossed complexes by using of 1(one) skeleton resolution of a step by step construction of the free simplicial algebra with a given CW-basis.Item Freeness conditions for quasi 3-crossed modules and complexes of using simplicial algebras with C W−bases(Springer Medizin, 2013) Mutlu A.; Mutlu B.Using free simplicial algebras with given CW−basis, it is shown how to construct a free or totally free quasi 3-crossed module on suitable construction data. Quasi 3-crossed complexes are introduced and similar freeness results are given for these are discussed. © 2013, Mutlu and Mutlu; licensee Springer.Item Computing hypercrossed complex pairings in digital images(2013) Öztunç S.; Mutlu A.; Bildik N.We consider an additive group structure in digital images and introduce the commutator in digital images. Then we calculate the hypercrossed complex pairings which generates a normal subgroup in dimension 2 and in dimension 3 by using 8-adjacency and 26-adjacency. © 2013 Simge Öztunç et al.Item Comparison and successive iteration of approximate solution of ordinary differential equations with initial conditions by the new modified Krasnoselskii iteration method(Sharif University of Technology, 2013) Bildik N.; Bakir Y.; Mutlu A.In this paper, we used the Picard successive iteration method and the new modified Krasnoselskii iteration method in order to solve different types of ordinary linear differential equations having initial conditions. By applying the new modified Krasnoselskii iteration method, not only do we obtain the approximate solutions for the problem, but also establish the corresponding iterative schemes. Finally, it is shown that the accuracy of the new iteration method (called the new modified Krasnoselskii iteration method) is substantially improved by employing variable steps which adjust themselves to the solution of the differential equation. © 2013 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.Item The new modified Ishikawa iteration method for the approximate solution of different types of differential equations(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2013) Bildik N.; Bakir Y.; Mutlu A.In this article, the new Ishikawa iteration method is presented to find the approximate solution of an ordinary differential equation with an initial condition. Additionally, some numerical examples with initial conditions are given to show the properties of the iteration method. Furthermore, the results of absolute errors are compared with Euler, Runge-Kutta and Picard iteration methods. Finally, the present method, namely the new modified Ishikawa iteration method, is seen to be very effective and efficient in solving different type of the problem. © 2013 Bildik et al.; licensee Springer.Item The construction of simplicial groups in digital images(2013) Öztunç S.; Bildik N.; Mutlu A.In this paper, we recall some definitions and properties from digital topology, and we consider the simplices and simplicial complexes in digital images due to adjacency relations. Then we define the simplicial set and conclude that the simplicial identities are satisfied in digital images. Finally, we construct the group structure in digital images and define the simplicial groups in digital images. Consequently, we calculate the digital homology group of two-dimensional digital simplicial group. MSC: 55N35, 68R10, 68U10, 18G30. © 2013 Öztunç et al.; licensee Springer.Item An infinite dimensional fixed point theorem on function spaces of ordered metric spaces(University of Kuwait, 2015) Mutlu A.; Gürdal U.In this study, we extend the notion of multidimensional fixed point and coincidence point theorem to infinite dimensional product spaces. We also prove some theorems, which generalizes some results that are known in this field.Item Bipolar metric spaces and some fixed point theorems(International Scientific Research Publications, 2016) Mutlu A.; Gürdal U.In this paper we introduce the concept of bipolar metric space as a type of partial distance. We explore the link between metric spaces and bipolar metric spaces, especially in the context of completeness, and prove some extensions of known fixed point theorems. © 2016 All rights reserved.Item C-class functions on coupled fixed point theorem for mixed monotone mappings on partially ordered dislocated quasi metric spaces(Kyungnam University Press, 2017) Ansari A.H.; Mutlu A.In this paper, we prove a coupled fixed point theorem for mixed monotone mapping F-ψ of C-class function in partial ordered dislocated quasi metric space. The introduced theorem extend and unify various known fixed point conclusion. © 2017 Kyungnam University Press.Item Coupled fixed point theorem in partially ordered modular metric spaces and its an application(Eudoxus Press, LLC, 2018) Mutlu A.; Özkan K.; Gürdal U.In this article, we extend certain coupled fixed theorem which was introduced for mappings having the mixed monotone property in various metric spaces to partially ordered modular metric spaces. In addition to this, we express some results about this theorem. Finally, we show using our main theorem that there exists a unique solution for a given nonlinear integral equation. © 2018 by Eudoxus Press, LLC. All rights reserved.Item Synthesis and photophysical characterization of isoindigo building blocks as molecular acceptors for organic photovoltaics(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Dinçalp H.; Saltan G.M.; Zafer C.; Mutlu A.Five isoindigo-based donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) type small molecules have been synthesized in order to investigate their intramolecular charge transfer characteristics. UV–vis absorption of these dyes exhibits a wide absorption band ranging from 300 to 650 nm with two distinct bands, giving the narrow bandgaps between 1.72 and 1.85 eV. Taking into account their HOMO-LUMO energy levels and bandgaps, isoindigo dyes have been used in the active layer of organic solar cell (OSC) devices. When these small molecule semiconductors were used as acceptors with the donor poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl (P3HT) polymer in the inverted OSC devices, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) was obtained as 0.10% for pyrene-substituted isoindigo derivative. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.Item Some Kannan type fixed point results in rectangular soft metric space and an application of fixed point for thermal science problem(Serbian Society of Heat Transfer Engineers, 2019) Oztunc S.; Mutlu A.; Aslan S.The intention of current study to survey Kannan type mappings for rectangular soft metric space. Some Kannan type results are obtained by using rectangular soft metric and an application for thermal science problem is presented. © 2019 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia.Item Double connector to TiO2 surface in small molecule triphenyl amine dyes for DSSC applications(Springer New York LLC, 2019) Özkan E.; Mutlu A.; Zafer C.; Dinçalp H.Two novel dyes 3a and 3b named triphenylamine groups containing donor–acceptor structural units have been explored to be used in dye sensitized solar cells as organic sensitizers. The absorption bands of the dyes were extended up to ~ 550 nm with visible absorption maxima at 408–430 nm and optical band gaps of 2.44–2.47 eV. Compared to the methoxyphenyl-substituted dye, the introduction of triisopropylphenyl group instead of that increased fluorescence quantum yields and exhibited red-shift emission in chloroform. We have investigated the photovoltaic properties of DSSCs based on these metal free organic dyes. It has been found that the power conversion efficiency of DSSCs sensitized with methoxyphenyl based triphenylamine dye is higher than that for sensitized with triisopropylphenyl derivative. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.