Browsing by Author "Oskay, D"

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    Reproductive biology of the critically endangered endemic plant Erodium somanum in Turkey
    Oskay, D
    The reproductive characteristics of Erodium somanum (Geraniaceae), a critically endangered endemic species, were investigated in order to evaluate the main factors that affect its reproductive success and to evaluate their importance on its conservation. The estimated pollen/ovule ratio was calculated as 1187. Pollen viability and stigma receptivity experiments showed that stigma receptivity and pollen viability were high and synchronous throughout the anthesis. E. somanum is a strictly dioecious species and pollinated by insects. Flower visitors in the studied populations were mostly beetles and ants. The average percentage of fruit formation for each plant was determined as 46%. Capacity of seed production for each plant was 36%. Seed viability and germination success were determined as 81% and 80%, respectively. When combined, the capacity of viable and germinative seed production for each plant was determined as 29%. The factor that most affects the reproductive success is thought to be the low density of pollinators. With the direct and indirect effects, population viability seems considerable.
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    A new subspecies of Iberis saxatilis (Brassicaceae) from Turkey
    Oskay, D
    Iberis saxatilis subsp. magnesiana Oskay subsp. nov. is identified as a new subspecies from Kocasivri Mt. (Manisa), west Anatolia, Turkey. Iberis saxatilis subsp. magnesiana is a local endemic, most similar to Iberis saxatilis L. subsp. saxatilis. Diagnostic characters of these related taxa are discussed. Habitat characteristics, distribution and conservation status of the new subspecies are also presented.
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    Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Plant Spices Marketed in the West Anatolia
    Keskin, D; Oskay, D; Oskay, M
    Herbs and spices are sources of many bioactive compounds that can improve the taste of foods as well as influence digestion and metabolism processes The present study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ten Turkish medicinal plant spices, used in the traditional system of medicine, against 10 pathogenic bacterial species and yeast, C albicans, using the agar well diffusion method Anti-candidal activity was detected in 8 plants Extracts of Alchemilla vulgaris Laurus nobilis Melissa officinalis Silybum marianum Camellia sinensis (5a), Camellia sinensis (5b), Rosmarinus officinalis Hibiscus sp and Foeniculum vulgarie showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones ranging from 4 to 32 mm, except Erica vulgaris The most resistant microorganisms were Escherichia colt and Salmonella typhimurium The most susceptible organisms were Kocuria rhizophila and Candida albicans Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of crude extracts were determined for the three highly active plants showing activity against Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia colt, Kocuria rhizophila Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans MICs of active extracts ranged from 2 92 to 10 <= mg/mL against one or other test bacteria (C) 2010 Friends Science Publishers
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    A morphological study on the dioecious endemic Erodium somanum H. Pesmen (Geraniaceae), critically endangered in Turkey
    Oskay, D
    Morphological features of the endemic Erodium somanum are investigated based on the specimens collected from natural populations from Soma in Manisa. Almost all morphological characteristics are expanded and some morphological characteristics are firstly determined in this study. E. somanum is a dioecious species and in this study drawings of male and female individuals are given for the first time. An umbel is 3-5 flowered in female plants and 6-11 flowered in male plants, pedicels accrescent to 20-25 mm in fruit. Flower morphology was identified in detail and drawings are given for the first time. Stigma color ranges from yellow to red in populations. The fruit is long-beaked 4.8-8 cm, stout and adpressed pilose, glandular below. Mericarp morphology investigated for fruit characters has a special diagnostic value for systematic studies. The mericarp micromorphology and seed micromorphology were determined for the first time. Mericarp size 9-12 mm, mericarps have two apical shallow pits (foveoles) without furrow beneath. Mericarp surface ornamentation is foveate with crowded bristles of dissimilar size, some longer and others shorter. Mericarp pit is crowded with eglandular hairs and some sparse, long-stalked glands which are also at the start of the awn. Seed size is 4.5-6x1.5-2 mm, seed type is narrowly ovate, seed surface is ruminate.
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    Dianthus somanus (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Turkey
    Oskay, D
    Dianthus somanus sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) is described as a new species from Kocasivri Mt. (Manisa), W-Anatolia (Turkey). Diagnostic characters, description and detailed illustration on the species are given, as well as a morphological comparison with the similar species D. goekayi, and D. erinaceus s. lat. (var. erinaceus, and var. alpinus). Habitat, distribution and conservation status of the new species are also provided.
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    Petrorhagia dubia subsp. mustafanus (Caryophyllaceae), a new subspecies from Turkey
    Oskay, D
    Petrorhagia dubia subsp. mustafanus (Caryophyllaceae) is described as a new subspecies from Dede mountain in Soma (Manisa), west Anatolia, Turkey. Diagnosis, description, preferential habitat, distribution, conservation status, and original photographs are given, as well as a comparison with the similar P. dubia subsp. dubia is discussed.
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    Activity of Some Plant Extracts Against Multi-Drug Resistant Human Pathogens
    Oskay, M; Oskay, D; Kalyoncu, F
    Plants used for traditional medicine contain a wide range of substances which can be used to treat various infectious diseases. Hence, antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts of 19 plant species were studied against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates using agar well diffusion method. Extracts of Liquidambar orientalis, Vitis vinifera, Rosmarinus officinalis, Punica granatum, Corn us sanguinea, Euphorhia peplus, Ecballium elaterium, Inula viscosa and Liquidamabar orientalis showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with inhibition zones ranging from 8 to 26 mm. The most resistant organisms were Escherichia coli (E. coli) (Ampicillin-, amoxycillin- and sulfamethoxazole-resistant), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) (Amoxycillin- and nalidixic acid-resistant) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) (Ampicillin-, amoxycillin- and aztreonam-resistant), and the most susceptible species were Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (Penicillin G- and oxacillin-resistant), Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) (Penicillin G-, erythromycin- and clindamycin-resistant) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P aeruginosa) (Sulfamethoxazole- and novobiocin-resistant), respectively. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of crude extracts were determined for the seven highly active plants showing activity against methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), E. coli, P aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae and the reference bacteria (E. coli ATCC 11229 and Kocuria rhizophila ATCC 9341 NA). MICs of active extracts ranged from 8 to 14.2 mg/mL against one or other test bacteria.
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    An Investigation on Habitat and Population Properties of Local Endemic Erodium somanum
    Oskay, D; Altan, Y
    Habitat and population properties of Erodium somanum with also changing these characters timely were investigated. Distribution soils of this species are slightly alkaline, without salt and generally limes structure, adequate for ferrous but poor for phosphor. Climate type is semi-arid upper Mediterranean especially winter is cool. Distribution area of population is approximately 5 km(2). Population density calculated as 3.04. According to results of size and sexual dispersal of individuals, a total of 83% of plants in spreading area between 0 to 25 cm(2) were determined not yet attained sexual mature. The ratio of sex index in population was 1.26, average of the demographic increase of the flowering season for each year was only 35%. We suggested this species to CR B1ab(i) + (iii) in endangered groups of IUCN criteria based on the data that obtained from population studies.