Browsing by Author "Sapmaz Ş.Y."
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Item Mental health of both child and parents plays a larger role in the health-related quality of life of obese and overweight children(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 1985) Kızılay D.Ö.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Şen S.; Özkan Y.; Özyurt B.C.; Ersoy B.Aims: A decrease in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures among obese (OB) and overweight (OW) children has been shown in several studies, but knowledge about the variables affecting HRQOL impairments is missing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between HRQOL and sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, metabolic parameters, mental symptoms and parental attitudes in a sample of OB/OW children. Methods: Eighty-six OB/OW children, aged between 9 and 17 years, participated in the study. We performed sociodemographic questioning, anthropometric examinations and laboratory evaluations of the participants. HRQOL was assessed using the Pediatric Quality-of-Life Inventory (PedsQL), and levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured using the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire and the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), respectively. Parental attitudes were assessed with the Parental Attitude Research Instrument (PARI) questionnaire. Results: A statistically significant relationship was found between total scores of CDI and SCARED answered by children and the total and subscale scores of PedsQL. Scores of total quality of life subscale, physical functionality and emotional functionality subscales were significantly lower in children with a family history of mental illness. No relationship was found between PedsQL subscales, anthropometric and metabolic parameters. Conclusions: Emotional problems and parental psychological distress are important factors in models of HRQOL in the OB/OW pediatric population. © 1985 Walter de Gruyter GmbH. All rights reserved.Item Immigration-related mental health disorders in refugees 5–18 years old living in Turkey(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2017) Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Tanrıverdi B.U.; Öztürk M.; Gözaçanlar Ö.; Ülker G.Y.; Özkan Y.Purpose: This study assessed early-onset psychiatric disorders and factors related to these disorders in a group of refugee children after immigration due to war. Materials and methods: This study was conducted between January 2016 and June 2016. Clinical interviews were conducted with 89 children and their families, and were performed by native speakers of Arabic and Persian who had been primarily educated in these languages and were living in Turkey. A strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) that had Arabic and Persian validity and reliability was applied to both children and their families. Independent variables for cases with and without a psychiatric disorder were analyzed using the χ2 test for categorical variables, Student’s t-test for those that were normally distributed, and Mann–Whitney U-test for data that were not normally distributed. Data that showed significant differences between groups who had a psychiatric disorder and on common effects in emerging psychiatric disorders were analyzed through binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 89 children and adolescents were interviewed within the scope of the study. The mean age of cases was 9.96±3.98 years, and 56.2% (n=50) were girls, while 43.8% (n=39) were boys. Among these children, 47 (52.8%) had come from Syria, 27 (30.3%) from Iraq, 14 (15.7%) from Afghanistan, and 1 (1.1%) from Iran. A psychiatric disorder was found in 44 (49.4%) of the children. A total of 26 children were diagnosed with anxiety disorders, 12 with depressive disorders, 8 with trauma and related disorders, 5 with elimination disorders, 4 with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and 3 with intellectual disabilities. It was determined that seeing a dead or injured person during war/emigration and the father’s unemployment increased the risk of psychopathology. The OR was 7.077 (95% CI 1.722–29.087) for having seen a dead or injured individual and 4.51 (95% GA 1.668–12.199) for father’s employment status. Conclusion: Within the context of war and emigration, these children try to cope with the negative circumstances they experience prior to migration, as well as the despair they see their parents experience. © 2017 Yalın Sapmaz et al.Item Quickly diagnosed and treated prepubertal Type 1 narcolepsy case(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2018) Çökmüş F.P.; Aydın O.; Dikici D.S.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.Excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucination are the classic tetrad of narcolepsy. It has been shown that narcolepsy, a chronic and disabling disease, starts in childhood and adolescence rather than adulthood. The International Classification of Sleep Disorder (ICSD-3) classifies narcolepsy into Type 1 (narcolepsy with cataplexy) and Type 2 (narcolepsy without cataplexy). There is low awareness and knowledge of narcolepsy among the general public, primary care physicians, and sleep specialists. It has been shown that the lack of recognition of disease symptoms delayed the diagnosis of narcolepsy from 8.7 to 22.1 years. In this case report, we will discuss the case of Type 1 narcolepsy, which started in the prepubertal period and was diagnosed and treated in a short period of time. © 2017 The Author(s).Item Could neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio be an important parameter in children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder?; [Çocuk ve ergen obsesif kompulsif bozukluk tanılı hastalarda nötrofil lenfosit oranı önemli bir parametre olabilir mi?](ANP Publishing, 2020) Uzun A.D.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Çakır B.; Kandemir H.Objective: The number of studies that suggest the possible role of immune abnormalities in the pathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) are increasing. Our aim here is to determine the relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR) and children and adolescents with OCD.NLR and platelet lymphocyte ratio(PLR) are new, inexpensive, easily reproducible indicators used for the determination of low grade inflammation. Method: In this study, retrospective records of 32 children and adolescents with OCD were screened, and the NLR, PLR,monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR) data obtained from the pre-treatment complete blood count were compared with the same data of the healthy control group with similar characteristics. Results: The NLR was found lower in children and adolescents with OCD compared to the control group; yet PLR and MLR were not significantly different. Discussion: Inflammation might play a role in the etiopahogenesis of OCD. The NLR may be potential inlammation markers for OCD in children. © 2020 ANP Publishing. All rights reserved.Item Evaluation of the parental attitudes, parental competency and attachment styles of the mothers of the children at pre-school period who were admitted to child psychiatry; [Okul öncesi dönemde çocuk psikiyatrisi polikliniği'ne başvuran çocukların annelerinin tutumlarının, yeterliliklerinin ve bağlanma biçimlerinin değerlendirilmesi](ANP Publishing, 2020) Bilaç Ö.; Önder A.; Kavurma C.; Doğan Y.; Uzunoğlu G.; Isildar Y.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.Objective: In this study we aimed to evaluate attitudes, attachment styles to their husbands and competence perceptions of the mothers towards their children's problems whose children were at pre-school period with no cognitive developmental delay. Method: Fourty children and their mothers were included into the study. The children were chosen among those who were aged between 0-72 months and had no developmental delay which was found out as a result of developmental test. As the control group, another 40 children and their mothers were included into the study. Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale (CAPES-TR) and Parent Attitude Research Instrument (PARI) were handed out to mothers in both groups. Finally, Experiences in Close Relationship Revised (ECC-R) was applied to mothers of both groups. SPSS20 was used for statistical analysis. Results: According to CAPES-TR results, emotional, behavioural and social problems in the group that were admitted to psychiatry clinic were higher than control group (p<0.05). According to same scale, mothers' self-confidence was found significantly lower (p<0.05). According to PARI results, the score of the group that applied to clinic for over-motherhood reasons was found higher (p<0.05). Likewise, authoritative attitude score was found higher in patient group (p<0.05). Discussion: The results of this study share similarities with other studies which found out that parental child-rearing attitude presents a risk factor for behavioural problems among children. © 2020 ANP Publishing. All rights reserved.Item Awareness and intervention approaches related to smoking addiction among child and adolescent psychiatrists; [Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatristlerinin sigara bağımlılığı ile ilgili farkındalıkları ve müdahale yaklaşımları](2020) Erten T.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Güleç A.G.; Hesapçıoğlu S.T.; Kandemir H.; Yılmaz Ö.; Yüksel H.Aim: To determine the attitudes of child and adolescent psychiatrists working in different institutions throughout Turkey towards smoking addiction and intervention steps. Material and Methods: An information form assessing physicians’ 5As approach was established considering the studies included in the liter-ature, and this form was applied to physicians working in the area of child psychiatry by way of e-mail and phone. Results: Although most physicians (52.5%) asked about smoking status, which is included in the first step in the 5As approach used in smoking cessation, it was observed that they implemented further steps of the 5As with gradually decreasing rates in our study. Only 15% of the physicians performed follow-up in smoking cessation treatment. Conclusion: Physicians who work with pediatric and adolescent patients in Turkey have low levels of awareness about smoking addiction and they do not feel competent. Considering that tobacco and related addic-tions are gradually increasing in children and adolescents, physicians must receive training in the area of smoking cessation methods and start practicing these methods. It was thought that organizing smoking cessation training for physicians would contribute positively to the treatment of patients. © 2020 by Turkish Pediatric Association.Item TGF-β1, neopterin, tetrahydrobiopterin, and nitric oxide levels in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Özkan Y.; Kandemir H.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Taneli F.The biological mechanisms underlying obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are not sufficiently elucidated. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress were shown to increase neopterin and decrease tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) levels by activating the neopterin–BH4 pathway. This study compared serum TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, neopterin, BH4, and nitric oxide (NO) levels between child and adolescent patients diagnosed with OCD and a healthy control group. The study included 29 patients diagnosed with OCD (comorbidity free, drug free) and 28 healthy children as an aged and sex matched control group. Serum samples were analyzed for TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, neopterin, and BH4 by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, and NO concentrations were assessed by colorimetric method based on Griess reaction. All cytokine levels were found to be low, but this decrease was statistically significant only for TGF-β1. The neopterin and NO levels were significantly higher and BH4 significantly lower in children with OCD compared to the healthy control group. Also, a statistically significant correlation was found between NO, neopterin, and BH4 levels. The results of our study show that the levels of TGF-β1 and NO and the activation of the neopterin–BH4 pathway may be implicated in the pathophysiology of OCD. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.Item Maternal Attitudes, Irritability, Problem Solving Skills and Decision Making in Adolescents with Substance Use: Case-control Study(Turkish Association of Nervous and Mental Health, 2021) Bİlaç Ö.; Önder A.; Kavurma C.; Eslek A.; Uzunoğu G.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Kandemır H.Objective: Multiple risk factors affect the emergence of substance use disorders among adolescents and their families. To the best of our knowledge, the effects of irritability, problem solving, decision making skills and maternal attitudes on the severity of the substance use have not been evaluated on the same population. We aimed to evaluate the presence and the effects all of these variables on the severity of substance dependence. Method: The study included 40 adolescents, between 14 and 17 years of age, consulting the Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Diseases outpatient clinics with complaints of substance use and 40 age and gender matched healthy controls. The diagnoses were based on the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Both groups completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Parent Attitude Research Instrument (PARI), the Adolescent Decision Making Questionnaire (ADMQ), the Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI) and the DSM-5 Level 2 Irritability Scale. The patient group were also tested on the Addiction Profile Index for Adolescents (API-AF). Results: Problem solving skills scores of the patients were lower and the scores on the irritability scale completed by the patients and their parents were higher as compared to the control group. Complacency (indifference) in decision-making predicted the severity of the addiction. As the complacency in decision-making increased, the severity of addiction also increased. Conclusion: Our results indicated that problem solving and decision-making skills and irritability levels of the adolescents together with the family attitudes, affect substance use disorder in adolescence. These variables should be considered in preventive and therapeutic approaches. © 2021. All Rights ReservedItem Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale- Self Report Form (WFIRS-S-TR)(Turkish Association of Nervous and Mental Health, 2021) Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Ergın D.; Celasın N.Ş.; Bılaç Ö.; Öztürk M.; Karaarslan D.; Tarakçioğlu M.C.; Aydemİr Ö.Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the WFIRS-S-TR, Turkish version of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale-Self Report form. Method: The study comprised two groups of participants of 15–18 years of age, one consisting of 35 children diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperativity disorder (ADHD) based on the DSM-IV criteria and the other, 510 healthy volunteers attending high school. Apart from the WFIRS-S-TR, the Health Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (KIDSCREEN-10 Index) which is a general quality of life and functionality measurement instrument, was used to check the concurrent validity of the WFIRS-S-TR. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the total scale was 0.939. The test-retest reliability assessed by repeated measurements two weeks apart gave a high correlation between the results (r=0.804, p<0.0001). Total mean score of the WFIRS-S-TR showed significant correlation with the KIDSCREEN-10 Index total mean score (r=−0.467, p<0.0001). Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out for the construct validity of the WFIRS-S-TR. The RMSEA and the CFI values were found to be 0.065 and 0.68, respectively. Conclusion: The WFIRS-S-TR can be used as a valid and reliable tool both in clinical practice and for research purposes. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.Item Relationship of herpesvirus (HSV1, EBV, CMV, HHV6) seropositivity with depressive disorder and its clinical aspects: The first study in children(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Bayturan S.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Uzun A.D.; Kandemir H.; Ecemiş T.Infections can lead to the onset of mood disorders in adults, partly through inflammatory mechanisms. However pediatric data are lacking. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between depressive disorder and seropositivity of herpes virus infections in children. The sample group consisted of patients diagnosed with depressive disorder according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and healthy volunteers, being between 11 and 18 years with clinically normal mental capacity. All children completed DSM-5-Level-2 Depression Scale, DSM-5-Level-2 Irritability Scale, DSM-5-Level-2 Sleep Scale, DSM-5-Level-2 Somatic Symptoms Scale. The levels of anti-HSV1-IgG, anti-CMV-IgG, anti-EBNA, and anti-HHV6-IgG were examined in all participants. Patients with an antibody value above the cut-off values specified in the test kits were evaluated as seropositive. The mean age was 15.54 ± 1.57 years in the depression group (DG), 14.87 ± 1.76 years in the healthy control group (CG). There were 4 boys (11.2%), 32 girls (88.8%) in the DG, 9 boys (21.9%) and 32 girls (78.04%) in the CG. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the presence of seropositivity of HSV1, CMV, EBV, and HHV6. HHV6 antibody levels were significantly higher in the DG (p = 0.000). A significant positive correlation was found between HHV6 antibodies and DSM-5 level-2 somatic symptoms scale score. HHV6 antibody levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with existing suicidal ideation in the DG (n = 13) compared to those without existing suicidal ideation in the DG (p = 0.043). HHV6 persistent infections may be responsible for somatic symptoms and etiology of suicidal ideation in childhood depressive disorder. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Item Which factors affect internalized stigmatization in adolescents with mental disorders?(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Dikeç G.; Bilaç Ö.; Kardelen C.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Kandemir H.Purpose: The aim of this descriptive study was to determine the factors affecting internalized stigmatization of adolescents with mental disorders. Method: The study data were collected in a university hospital between August 1, 2020 and July 30, 2021 (n = 123), using a Personal information form and the Internalized Stigmatization of Mental Illness-Adolescent Form (ISMI-AF). Results: Gender and the number of hospitalizations were determined to be independent variables with explanatory power in the ISMI-AF, and in the model created with these variables, it was determined that these variables explained 18% of the change in the total points of the ISMI-AF. Conclusions: It could be recommended that psychosocial programs are developed with the aim of decreasing internalized stigmatization and increasing the psychological resilience of adolescents. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Item YouTube as a Source of Information on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health of Children; [COVİD-19 Pandemisinin Çocukların Ruh Sağlığı Üzerindeki Etkisi Hakkında Bilgi Kaynağı Olarak YouTube](Galenos Publishing House, 2022) Öztürk M.; Özkan Y.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Kandemir H.Objectives: World Health Organization has announced that the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is a pandemic that causes worry and panic in anyone who is exposed to the virus’s actual or imagined threat. Our lifestyles and life patterns have radically changed, and the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic has pervaded all areas of our daily lives. The aim of this research was to evaluate the quality of the most popular YouTube™ videos about the effects of COVID-19 infection/pandemic status on children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: DISCERN tool and the Global Quality Scale were used to the reliability and quality of videos, respectively. The quality of the videos is classified into three groups as "poor quality", "moderate quality" and "good/ excellent quality". Results: A total of 112 videos were included in the study and these videos were evaluated by the researchers. Of the videos, 31.3% (n=35) were of good/excellent quality, 32.1% (n=36) were moderate, and 36.6% (n=41) were of poor quality. It was determined that the reliability of the good/excellent quality videos was statistically significantly higher than the moderate and poor-quality videos (p<0.001). Conclusion: Although YouTube™ contains important health data, some of this information is false and consists of low-quality videos. Mental health professionals should direct patients to the correct internet information resources. © 2022 by the Turkish Association for child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Turkish Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health.Item Do We Learn to Internalize Stigma from Our Parents? Comparison of Internalized Stigmatization in Adolescents Diagnosed with ADHD and Their Parents(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2022) Dikeç G.; Bilaç Ö.; Kardelen C.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.This study compared internalized stigmatization levels of adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with those of their parents. The study’s data were collected from 107 adolescents diagnosed with ADHD and their parents between July 2020 and March 2021. The adolescents were followed up in the child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic of a university hospital in western Turkey. The information forms for adolescents and parents, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale—Adolescent Form (ISMI-AF) and the Parental Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (PISMI), were used to collect the data. There was no statistically significant difference between the total scores of internalized stigma and subscale mean scores of the adolescents and their parents (p > 0.05); only the subscale scores for stereotype endorsement were found to be significantly different (p < 0.05). PISMI scores affected ISMI-AF scores, which can be interpreted as parents’ perspectives and attitudes toward stigmatization affecting adolescents. For ADHD, whose frequency is increasing daily, intervention studies should be conducted to reduce adolescents’ and parents’ internalized stigma and to enhance the educational outcomes of adolescents. © 2022 by the authors.Item Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Impact of Weight on Quality of Life for Kids(AVES, 2022) Kızılay D.Ö.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Tepe D.; Ersoy B.Objective: The Impact of Weight on Quality of Life—Kids is a self-reported weight-related quality of life measure that has been validated for children and adolescents aged between 11 and 19. Impact of Weight on Quality of Life—Kids does not have a Turkish version. The aim of this study was to explore the reliability and validity of the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life—Kids in Turkish. Materials and Methods: The Impact of Weight on Quality of Life—Kids was translated into Turkish using Mapi Research Institute's suggested international translation technique. The psychometric evaluation included test-retest reliability, internal consistency, discriminant validity, concurrent validity, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: For the total score, the internal consistency of the scale (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) was 0.93. The item-total score correlation coefficients ranged from 0.178 to 0.785. The testretest coefficients were found to be 0.94 for the total score and the subscales ranged from 0.66 to 0.89 after 2 weeks. Discriminant validity analysis demonstrated that the instrument dif- ferentiated well between the obese and non-obese samples. Five variables were discovered via factor analysis that explained 66.9% of the total variation. The chi-square/degree of freedom ratio value was 3.535, the comparative fit index value was 0.834, and the value of root mean square error of approximation was 0.10, as determined by confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the adequate reliability and validity of the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life—Kids, suggesting that this scale is a useful tool for screening Turkish children and adolescents for weight-related quality of life. © 2022, AVES. All rights reserved.Item Evaluation of Screen Time in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic; [COVID-19 Salgın Sürecinde Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Tanılı Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Ekran Sürelerinin Değerlendirilmesi](Galenos Publishing House, 2023) Uzun Çakır A.D.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Çakır B.; Kale M.K.; Bilaç Ö.; Kandemir H.Objectives: Our aim is to understand how children/adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their parents are affected by the pandemic process. Materials and Methods: The healthy children diagnosed with ADHD and without any complaints or psychiatric disorders and the parents of the whole group were included in the study. Data were collected using the information form, the hospital anxiety depression scale (HADS), the revised child anxiety and depression scale-child version (R-CADS). The information form and HADS were filled in by the parents, and R-CADS by the children. A total of 131 people with 62 ADHD were included in the study. Results: In both groups, it was observed that screen and sleep time increased, and social and physical activity time decreased. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of anxiety and depression scores. Conclusion: The similarity of the psychological effects in the ADHD group with the general population during the pandemic may be due to they are under treatment. Although the screen time both groups increased significantly compared to the pre-pandemic period, no significant difference was found between the groups. More research on pediatric psychiatric disorders in times of pandemics is necessary. © 2023, Galenos Publishing House. All rights reserved.Item Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure Turkish Validity and Reliability Study; [Çocuk ve Ergen Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği Türkçe Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması](Galenos Publishing House, 2024) Bilaç Ö.; Dikeç G.; Akyol C.K.; Kale M.K.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Kandemir H.; Aydemir Ö.Objectives: The number of studies on mindfulness in children and adolescents has rised in recent years, and it is crucial to evaluate the mindfulness-based interventions applied with standardized measurement tools. This aim of this study was to make the Turkish language validity and reliability of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM), which can be used in children and adolescents about mindfulness, which has been very well-liked in recent years, and which has validity and reliability in many languages, and to bring it into our language for the ages of 9-18. Materials and Methods: The total sample of the current study consisted of 156 children and adolescents, 48 of whom were children and adolescents with any mental disorderdiagnosis according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5). One hundred eight of them did not have any mental disorders diagnosis according to DSM-5, who had only periodic problems or were brought for counseling. Results: In the reliability analysis of the scale, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was found to be 0.76 for the whole scale. In test-retest reliability two weeks apart, the two measurements have a strong correlation between the measurements (r=0.634 p<0.0001). Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings show that the Turkish version of the CAMM is a valid and reliable measurement tool for the 9-18 age group. © 2024, Galenos Publishing House. All rights reserved.