Browsing by Author "Senol, G"
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Item Molecular identification and characterization of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates by line probe assayBicmen, C; Gunduz, AT; Coskun, M; Senol, G; Ozkutuk, N; Cirak, AK; Ozacar, RAim: Early identification and characterization of rifampicin-resistant (R-r) Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates recovered from the samples of tuberculosis (TB) patients in the Aegean (West Anatolian) Region was intended. Methods and Results: Sixty isolates [47 (78.3%) multidrug-resistant (MDR)], which were identified as M. tuberculosis complex and phenotypically resistant to rifampicin by both BACTEC mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 and 460 systems were analysed by a commercial line probe assay (INNO-LiPA Rif TB). The concordance of LiPA with the in vitro susceptibility test was found as 98.3%. Among the isolates, S531L (R5 pattern; 46.7%) and L511P/R, S512T, Q513L/K (Delta S1 pattern; 11.7%) were the most frequent mutation patterns. As compared with the BACTEC systems and conventional techniques for cultivation, identification and in vitro susceptibility testing, INNO-LiPA Rif TB after cultivation in BACTEC MGIT 960 system provided an average of 20 days early diagnosis of (RM)-M-r. tuberculosis isolates. Conclusions: Rapid molecular identification and characterization of (RM)-M-r. tuberculosis isolates after BACTEC MGIT 960 cultivation would be useful for faster diagnosis, infection control and planning of accurate treatment in MDR-TB patients. Significance and Impact of the Study: Patients with MDR-TB need a specified treatment and efficient follow-up strategies. Rapid and practical methodologies to diagnose and follow these patients should be applied in routine use.Item A Review on Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Applications for Convection in Cavities under Magnetic FieldSelimefendigil, F; Senol, G; Öztop, HF; Abu-Hamdeh, NHThis review is about non-Newtonian nanofluid applications for convection in cavities under a magnetic field. Convection in cavities is an important topic in thermal energy system, and diverse applications exist in processes such as drying, chemical processing, electronic cooling, air conditioning, removal of contaminates, power generation and many others. Some problems occur in symmetrical phenomena, while they can be applicable to applied mathematics, physics and thermal engineering systems. First, brief information about nanofluids and non-Newtonian fluids is given. Then, non-Newtonian nanofluids and aspects of rheology of non-Newtonian fluids are presented. The thermal conductivity/viscosity of nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids are discussed. Applications of non-Newtonian nanofluids with magnetohydrodynamic effects are given. Different applications of various vented cavities are discussed under combined effects of using nanofluid and magnetic field for Newtonian and non-Newtonian nanofluids. The gap in the present literature and future trends are discussed. The results summarized here will be beneficial for efficient design and thermal optimization of vented cavity systems used in diverse energy system applications.Item A review on nanofluid, phase change material and machine learning applications for thermal management of hydrogen storage in metal hydridesSenol, G; Selimefendigil, F; Öztop, HFThis review is generally about some significant applications related to thermal management of hydrogen storage in metal hydrides. First, the importance of hydrogen energy is given. Second, an introductive piece of information about metal hydrides is given and the significance of metal hydride usage in hydrogen storage is discussed. In the next chapter, the concept of nanofluid usage in regard to thermal management of hydrogen storage in metal hydrides is given. Later, one of the thermal management techniques of hydrogen storage in metal hydrides, PCM (phase change material) usage, is discussed with studies related to the subjects in literature. Finally, different applications of machine learning in thermal management of hydrogen storage in metal hydrides are considered. It has been shown that thermal control for hydrogen storage in metal hydrides may be effectively achieved by employing nanofluids based on nanoparticles that have been carefully chosen for the system. Generally, Al2O3, CuO, MgO, Fe2O3, GO, GO-SiO2, and GO-TiO2 nanoparticles are used.in metal hydride storage thermal management system. The nanoparticle type and its loading amount are among the most important parameters that affect the improved performance of the hydrogen storage in metal hydrides. The quantity, melting temperature, thickness, thermal conductivity, depth of usage, and volume dispersion of PCMs are the fundamental parameters that are investigated in the studies for optimal values, taking into account additional parameters related to the metal hydride reactor systems, such as supply pressure, inlet velocity, temperature, etc. In order to get a faster response and a more compact hydrogen system, it is necessary to identify the ideal PCM thickness. Up to a certain degree, the hydrogen storage system benefits from PCM ' s higher thermal conductivity. The majority of machine learning research have been conducted to evaluate various characteristics and assess the potential of appropriate materials, metal hydrides, metals, material combinations, etc. for hydrogen storage. The findings of the studies under discussion have confirmed that machine learning is an effective, realistic means of predicting the parameters influencing hydrogen storage processes without sacrificing any of the drawbacks of experimental methods, such as high costs and lengthy search times. Future research should take into account more experimental investigations as well as a cost analysis of employing nanofluids and PCMs.Item Is Nurse Workforce Sufficient in Intensive Care Units in Turkey. Results of the Multicenter Karia StudyUyan, A; Durmus, G; Sezak, N; Pepe, F; Kaygusuz, T; Öztoprak, N; Özdemir, K; Aksoy, F; Erol, S; Koç, MM; Öncül, A; Çagan Aktas, S; Çaskurlu, H; Çelebi, G; Kandemir, O; Özger, S; Harman, R; Demiray, K; Ari, A; Alkan Çeviker, S; Esen Yildiz, I; Menekse, S; Senol, G; Sari, S; Dogan, M; Ugurlu, K; Arslan, M; Akdemir, I; Firat, P; Kürekçi, Y; Çaglayan, D; Uçar, M; Gözüküçük, R; Elmaslar Mert, HT; Alay, H; Erdogan, H; Demirel, A; Dogan, N; Koçak, F; Güven, E; Ünsal, G; Sipahi, H; Isikgöz Tasbakan, M; Arda, B; Ulusoy, S; Sipahi, ORIntroduction: In this multicenter study, we analysed the magnitude of healthcare worker (HCW) [infection control practitioner (ICP), nurses and others] workforce in hospitals participated in the study. Materials and Methods: This study was performed in 41 hospitals (with intensive care units-ICU) located in 22 cities from seven regions of Turkey. We analysed the ICP workforce, nursing and auxiliary HCW (AHCW) workforce in ICUs, number of ICU beds and occupied beds in four different days [two of which were in summer during the vacation time (August 27 and 31, 2016) and two others in autumn (October 12 and 15, 2016)]. The Turkish Ministry of Health (TMOH) requires two patients per nurse in level 3 ICUs, three patients per nurse in level 2 ICUs and five patients per nurse in level 1 ICUs. There is no standardization for the number of AHCW in ICUs. Finally, one ICP per 150 hospital beds is required by TMOH. Results: The total number of ICUs, ICU beds and ICPs were 214, 2377 and 111, respectively in he 41 participated centers. The number ICPs was adequate only in 12 hospitals. The percentage of nurses whose working experience was <1 year, was; 19% in level 1 ICUs, 25% in level 2 ICUs and 24% in level 3 ICUs. The number of patients per nurse was mostly <5 in level 1 ICUs whereas the number of patients per nurse in level 3 ICUs was generally >2. The number of patients per other HCW was minimum 3.75 and maximum 4.89 on weekdays and on day shift while it was minimum 5.02 and maximum 7.7 on weekends or on night shift. When we compared the number of level 1, 2 and 3 ICUs with adequate nursing workforce vs inadequate nursing workforce, the p value was <0.0001 at all time points except summer weekend night shift (p=0.002). Conclusion: Our data suggest that ICP workforce is inadequate in Turkey. Besides, HCW workforce is inadequate and almost 1/4 of nurses are relatively inexperienced especially in level 3 ICUs. Turkish healthcare system should promptly make necessary arrangements for adequate HCW staffing.Item Are Soap, Paper Towel and Alcohol-based Disinfectants Easily Accessible in Intensive Care Units in Turkey?: Results of the Phokai StudyUyan, A; Durmus, G; Sezak, N; Özdemir, B; Kaygusuz, T; Öztoprak, N; Özdemir, K; Aksoy, F; Özgültekin, A; Koç, MM; Öncül, A; Çagan Aktas, S; Isik, B; Çelebi, G; Evik, G; Özger, S; Harman, R; Dindar Demiray, EK; Özkören Çalik, S; Alkan Çeviker, S; Yildiz, IE; Isik, ME; Senol, G; Sari, S; Dogan, M; Ugurlu, K; Arslan, M; Akgül, F; Koç, F; Kürekçi, Y; Çaglayan, D; Uçar, M; Gözüküçük, R; Elmaslar Mert, HT; Alay, H; Erdogan, H; Demirel, A; Dogan, N; Koçak, F; Güven, E; Ünsal, G; Sipahi, H; Yamazhan, T; Arda, B; Ulusoy, S; Sipahi, ORIntroduction: Hand hygiene is one of the most effective infection control measures to prevent the spread of healthcare-associated infections (HCAI). Water, soap, paper towel and hand disinfectant must be available and adequate in terms of effective hand hygiene. The adequacy of hand hygiene products or keeping water-soap and paper towel is still a problem for many developing countries like Turkey. In this multicenter study, we analyzed the adequacy in number and availability of hand hygiene products. Materials and Methods: This study was performed in all intensive care units (ICUs) of 41 hospitals (27 tertiary-care educational, 10 state and four private hospitals) from 22 cities located in seven geographical regions of Turkey. We analyzed water, soap, paper towel and alcohol-based hand disinfectant adequacy on four different days, two of which were in summer during the vacation time (August, 27th and 31st 2016) and two in autumn (October, 12th and 15th 2016). Results: The total number of ICUs and intensive care beds in 41 participating centers were 214 and 2357, respectively. Overall, there was no soap in 3-11% of sinks and no paper towel in 10-18% of sinks while there was no alcohol-based hand disinfectant in 1-4.7% of hand disinfectant units on the observation days. When we compared the number of sinks with soap and/or paper towel on weekdays vs. weekends, there was no significant difference in summer. However, on autumn weekdays, the number of sinks with soap and paper towel was significantly lower on weekend days (p<0.0001, p<0.0001) while the number of hand disinfectant units with alcohol-based disinfectant was significantly higher (p<0.0001). Conclusion: There should be adequate and accessible hand hygiene materials for effective hand hygiene. In this study, we found that soap and paper towels were inadequate on the observation days in 3-11% and 10-18% of units, respectively. Attention should be paid on soap and paper towel supply at weekends as well.