Browsing by Author "Singh G."

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    Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants
    (Elsevier B.V., 2017) Zhou B.; Bentham J.; Di Cesare M.; Bixby H.; Danaei G.; Cowan M.J.; Paciorek C.J.; Singh G.; Hajifathalian K.; Bennett J.E.; Taddei C.; Bilano V.; Carrillo-Larco R.M.; Djalalinia S.; Khatibzadeh S.; Lugero C.; Peykari N.; Zhang W.Z.; Lu Y.; Stevens G.A.; Riley L.M.; Bovet P.; Elliott P.; Gu D.; Ikeda N.; Jackson R.T.; Joffres M.; Kengne A.P.; Laatikainen T.; Lam T.H.; Laxmaiah A.; Liu J.; Miranda J.J.; Mondo C.K.; Neuhauser H.K.; Sundström J.; Smeeth L.; Sorić M.; Woodward M.; Ezzati M.; Abarca-Gómez L.; Abdeen Z.A.; Rahim H.A.; Abu-Rmeileh N.M.; Acosta-Cazares B.; Adams R.; Aekplakorn W.; Afsana K.; Aguilar-Salinas C.A.; Agyemang C.; Ahmadvand A.; Ahrens W.; Al Raddadi R.; Al Woyatan R.; Ali M.M.; Alkerwi A.; Aly E.; Amouyel P.; Amuzu A.; Andersen L.B.; Anderssen S.A.; Ängquist L.; Anjana R.M.; Ansong D.; Aounallah-Skhiri H.; Araújo J.; Ariansen I.; Aris T.; Arlappa N.; Aryal K.; Arveiler D.; Assah F.K.; Assunção M.C.F.; Avdicová M.; Azevedo A.; Azizi F.; Babu B.V.; Bahijri S.; Balakrishna N.; Bandosz P.; Banegas J.R.; Barbagallo C.M.; Barceló A.; Barkat A.; Barros A.J.D.; Barros M.V.; Bata I.; Batieha A.M.; Baur L.A.; Beaglehole R.; Romdhane H.B.; Benet M.; Benson L.S.; Bernabe-Ortiz A.; Bernotiene G.; Bettiol H.; Bhagyalaxmi A.; Bharadwaj S.; Bhargava S.K.; Bi Y.; Bikbov M.; Bjerregaard P.; Bjertness E.; Björkelund C.; Blokstra A.; Bo S.; Bobak M.; Boeing H.; Boggia J.G.; Boissonnet C.P.; Bongard V.; Braeckman L.; Brajkovich I.; Branca F.; Breckenkamp J.; Brenner H.; Brewster L.M.; Bruno G.; Bueno-de-Mesquita H.B.; Bugge A.; Burns C.; Bursztyn M.; de León A.C.; Cacciottolo J.; Cameron C.; Can G.; Cândido A.P.C.; Capuano V.; Cardoso V.C.; Carlsson A.C.; Carvalho M.J.; Casanueva F.F.; Casas J.-P.; Caserta C.A.; Chamukuttan S.; Chan A.W.; Chan Q.; Chaturvedi H.K.; Chaturvedi N.; Chen C.-J.; Chen F.; Chen H.; Chen S.; Chen Z.; Cheng C.-Y.; Dekkaki I.C.; Chetrit A.; Chiolero A.; Chiou S.-T.; Chirita-Emandi A.; Cho B.; Cho Y.; Chudek J.; Cifkova R.; Claessens F.; Clays E.; Concin H.; Cooper C.; Cooper R.; Coppinger T.C.; Costanzo S.; Cottel D.; Cowell C.; Craig C.L.; Crujeiras A.B.; Cruz J.J.; D'Arrigo G.; d'Orsi E.; Dallongeville J.; Damasceno A.; Dankner R.; Dantoft T.M.; Dauchet L.; De Backer G.; De Bacquer D.; de Gaetano G.; De Henauw S.; De Smedt D.; Deepa M.; Dehghan A.; Delisle H.; Deschamps V.; Dhana K.; Di Castelnuovo A.F.; Dias-da-Costa J.S.; Diaz A.; Dickerson T.T.; Do H.T.P.; Donfrancesco C.; Dobson A.J.; Donoso S.P.; Döring A.; Doua K.; Drygas W.; Dulskiene V.; Džakula A.; Dzerve V.; Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E.; Ekelund U.; El Ati J.; Ellert U.; Elosua R.; Erasmus R.T.; Erem C.; Eriksen L.; Escobedo-de la Peña J.; Evans A.; Faeh D.; Fall C.H.; Farzadfar F.; Felix-Redondo F.J.; Ferguson T.S.; Fernández-Bergés D.; Ferrante D.; Ferrari M.; Ferreccio C.; Ferrieres J.; Finn J.D.; Fischer K.; Föger B.; Foo L.H.; Forslund A.-S.; Forsner M.; Fortmann S.P.; Fouad H.M.; Francis D.K.; do Carmo Franco M.; Franco O.H.; Frontera G.; Fuchs F.D.; Fuchs S.C.; Fujita Y.; Furusawa T.; Gaciong Z.; Gareta D.; Garnett S.P.; Gaspoz J.-M.; Gasull M.; Gates L.; Gavrila D.; Geleijnse J.M.; Ghasemian A.; Ghimire A.; Giampaoli S.; Gianfagna F.; Giovannelli J.; Goldsmith R.A.; Gonçalves H.; González-Gross M.M.; González Rivas J.P.; Gottrand F.; Graff-Iversen S.; Grafnetter D.; Grajda A.; Gregor R.D.; Grodzicki T.; Grøntved A.; Gruden G.; Grujic V.; Guan O.P.; Gudnason V.; Guerrero R.; Guessous I.; Guimaraes A.L.; Gulliford M.C.; Gunnlaugsdottir J.; Gunter M.; Gupta P.C.; Gureje O.; Gurzkowska B.; Gutierrez L.; Gutzwiller F.; Hadaegh F.; Halkjær J.; Hambleton I.R.; Hardy R.; Harikumar R.; Hata J.; Hayes A.J.; He J.; Hendriks M.E.; Henriques A.; Cadena L.H.; Herqutanto; Herrala S.; Heshmat R.; Hihtaniemi I.T.; Ho S.Y.; Ho S.C.; Hobbs M.; Hofman A.; Dinc G.H.; Hormiga C.M.; Horta B.L.; Houti L.; Howitt C.; Htay T.T.; Htet A.S.; Hu Y.; Huerta J.M.; Husseini A.S.; Huybrechts I.; Hwalla N.; Iacoviello L.; Iannone A.G.; Ibrahim M.M.; Ikram M.A.; Irazola V.E.; Islam M.; Ivkovic V.; Iwasaki M.; Jacobs J.M.; Jafar T.; Jamrozik K.; Janszky I.; Jasienska G.; Jelakovic B.; Jiang C.Q.; Johansson M.; Jonas J.B.; Jørgensen T.; Joshi P.; Juolevi A.; Jurak G.; Jureša V.; Kaaks R.; Kafatos A.; Kalter-Leibovici O.; Kamaruddin N.A.; Kasaeian A.; Katz J.; Kauhanen J.; Kaur P.; Kavousi M.; Kazakbaeva G.; Keil U.; Boker L.K.; Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S.; Kelishadi R.; Kemper H.C.G.; Kersting M.; Key T.; Khader Y.S.; Khalili D.; Khang Y.-H.; Khaw K.-T.; Kiechl S.; Killewo J.; Kim J.; Klumbiene J.; Kolle E.; Kolsteren P.; Korrovits P.; Koskinen S.; Kouda K.; Koziel S.; Kristensen P.L.; Krokstad S.; Kromhout D.; Kruger H.S.; Kubinova R.; Kuciene R.; Kuh D.; Kujala U.M.; Kula K.; Kulaga Z.; Krishna Kumar R.; Kurjata P.; Kusuma Y.S.; Kuulasmaa K.; Kyobutungi C.; Lachat C.; Landrove O.; Lanska V.; Lappas G.; Larijani B.; Laugsand L.E.; Le Nguyen Bao K.; Le T.D.; Leclercq C.; Lee J.; Lee J.; Lehtimäki T.; Rampal L.; León-Muñoz L.M.; Levitt N.S.; Li Y.; Lilly C.L.; Lim W.-Y.; Lima-Costa M.F.; Lin H.-H.; Lin X.; Linneberg A.; Lissner L.; Litwin M.; Lorbeer R.; Lotufo P.A.; Lozano J.E.; Luksiene D.; Lundqvist A.; Lunet N.; Lytsy P.; Ma G.; Ma J.; Machado-Coelho G.L.L.; Machi S.; Maggi S.; Magliano D.J.; Majer M.; Makdisse M.; Malekzadeh R.; Malhotra R.; Rao K.M.; Malyutina S.; Manios Y.; Mann J.I.; Manzato E.; Margozzini P.; Marques-Vidal P.; Marrugat J.; Martorell R.; Mathiesen E.B.; Matijasevich A.; Matsha T.E.; Mbanya J.C.N.; McDonald Posso A.J.; McFarlane S.R.; McGarvey S.T.; McLachlan S.; McLean R.M.; McNulty B.A.; MdKhir A.S.; Mediene-Benchekor S.; Medzioniene J.; Meirhaeghe A.; Meisinger C.; Menezes A.M.B.; Menon G.R.; Meshram I.I.; Metspalu A.; Mi J.; Mikkel K.; Miller J.C.; Miquel J.F.; Mišigoj-Durakovic M.; Mohamed M.K.; Mohammad K.; Mohammadifard N.; Mohan V.; Mohd Yusoff M.F.; Møller N.C.; Molnár D.; Momenan A.; Monyeki K.D.K.; Moreira L.B.; Morejon A.; Moreno L.A.; Morgan K.; Moschonis G.; Mossakowska M.; Mota J.; Mostafa A.; Motlagh M.E.; Motta J.; Muiesan M.L.; Müller-Nurasyid M.; Murphy N.; Mursu J.; Musil V.; Nagel G.; Naidu B.M.; Nakamura H.; Námešná J.; Nang E.E.K.; Nangia V.B.; Narake S.; Navarrete-Muñoz E.M.; Ndiaye N.C.; Neal W.A.; Nenko I.; Nervi F.; Nguyen N.D.; Nguyen Q.N.; Nieto-Martínez R.E.; Niiranen T.J.; Ning G.; Ninomiya T.; Nishtar S.; Noale M.; Noboa O.A.; Noorbala A.A.; Norat T.; Noto D.; Al Nsour M.; O'Reilly D.; Oh K.; Olinto M.T.A.; Oliveira I.O.; Omar M.A.; Onat A.; Ordunez P.; Osmond C.; Ostojic S.M.; Otero J.A.; Overvad K.; Owusu-Dabo E.; Paccaud F.M.; Padez C.; Pahomova E.; Pajak A.; Palli D.; Palmieri L.; Panda-Jonas S.; Panza F.; Papandreou D.; Parnell W.R.; Parsaeian M.; Pecin I.; Pednekar M.S.; Peer N.; Peeters P.H.; Peixoto S.V.; Pelletier C.; Peltonen M.; Pereira A.C.; Pérez R.M.; Peters A.; Petkeviciene J.; Pham S.T.; Pigeot I.; Pikhart H.; Pilav A.; Pilotto L.; Pitakaka F.; Plans-Rubió P.; Polakowska M.; Polašek O.; Porta M.; Portegies M.L.P.; Pourshams A.; Pradeepa R.; Prashant M.; Price J.F.; Puiu M.; Punab M.; Qasrawi R.F.; Qorbani M.; Radic I.; Radisauskas R.; Rahman M.; Raitakari O.; Raj M.; Rao S.R.; Ramachandran A.; Ramos E.; Rampal S.; Rangel Reina D.A.; Rasmussen F.; Redon J.; Reganit P.F.M.; Ribeiro R.; Riboli E.; Rigo F.; Rinke de Wit T.F.; Ritti-Dias R.M.; Robinson S.M.; Robitaille C.; Rodríguez-Artalejo F.; del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez M.; Rodríguez-Villamizar L.A.; Rojas-Martinez R.; Rosengren A.; Rubinstein A.; Rui O.; Ruiz-Betancourt B.S.; Russo Horimoto A.R.V.; Rutkowski M.; Sabanayagam C.; Sachdev H.S.; Saidi O.; Sakarya S.; Salanave B.; Martinez E.S.; Salmerón D.; Salomaa V.; Salonen J.T.; Salvetti M.; Sánchez-Abanto J.; Sans S.; Santos D.; Santos I.S.; dos Santos R.N.; Santos R.; Saramies J.L.; Sardinha L.B.; Margolis G.S.; Sarrafzadegan N.; Saum K.-U.; Savva S.C.; Scazufca M.; Schargrodsky H.; Schneider I.J.; Schultsz C.; Schutte A.E.; Sen A.; Senbanjo I.O.; Sepanlou S.G.; Sharma S.K.; Shaw J.E.; Shibuya K.; Shin D.W.; Shin Y.; Siantar R.; Sibai A.M.; Santos Silva D.A.; Simon M.; Simons J.; Simons L.A.; Sjöström M.; Skovbjerg S.; Slowikowska-Hilczer J.; Slusarczyk P.; Smith M.C.; Snijder M.B.; So H.-K.; Sobngwi E.; Söderberg S.; Solfrizzi V.; Sonestedt E.; Song Y.; Sørensen T.I.A.; Jérome C.S.; Soumare A.; Staessen J.A.; Starc G.; Stathopoulou M.G.; Stavreski B.; Steene-Johannessen J.; Stehle P.; Stein A.D.; Stergiou G.S.; Stessman J.; Stieber J.; Stöckl D.; Stocks T.; Stokwiszewski J.; Stronks K.; Strufaldi M.W.; Sun C.-A.; Sung Y.-T.; Suriyawongpaisal P.; Sy R.G.; Tai E.S.; Tammesoo M.-L.; Tamosiunas A.; Tang L.; Tang X.; Tao Y.; Tanser F.; Tarawneh M.R.; Tarqui-Mamani C.B.; Taylor A.; Theobald H.; Thijs L.; Thuesen B.H.; Tjonneland A.; Tolonen H.K.; Tolstrup J.S.; Topbas M.; Topór-Madry R.; Tormo M.J.; Torrent M.; Traissac P.; Trichopoulos D.; Trichopoulou A.; Trinh O.T.H.; Trivedi A.; Tshepo L.; Tulloch-Reid M.K.; Tuomainen T.-P.; Tuomilehto J.; Turley M.L.; Tynelius P.; Tzourio C.; Ueda P.; Ugel E.; Ulmer H.; Uusitalo H.M.T.; Valdivia G.; Valvi D.; van der Schouw Y.T.; Van Herck K.; van Rossem L.; van Valkengoed I.G.M.; Vanderschueren D.; Vanuzzo D.; Vatten L.; Vega T.; Velasquez-Melendez G.; Veronesi G.; Verschuren W.M.M.; Verstraeten R.; Victora C.G.; Viet L.; Viikari-Juntura E.; Vineis P.; Vioque J.; Virtanen J.K.; Visvikis-Siest S.; Viswanathan B.; Vollenweider P.; Voutilainen S.; Vrdoljak A.; Vrijheid M.; Wade A.N.; Wagner A.; Walton J.; Wan Mohamud W.N.; Wang M.-D.; Wang Q.; Wang Y.X.; Wannamethee S.G.; Wareham N.; Wederkopp N.; Weerasekera D.; Whincup P.H.; Widhalm K.; Widyahening I.S.; Wijga A.H.; Wiecek A.; Wilks R.J.; Willeit J.; Willeit P.; Williams E.A.; Wilsgaard T.; Wojtyniak B.; Wong T.Y.; Wong-McClure R.A.; Woo J.; Wu A.G.; Wu F.C.; Wu S.L.; Xu H.; Yan W.; Yang X.; Ye X.; Yiallouros P.K.; Yoshihara A.; Younger-Coleman N.O.; Yusoff A.F.; Yusoff M.F.M.; Zambon S.; Zdrojewski T.; Zeng Y.; Zhao D.; Zhao W.; Zheng Y.; Zimmermann E.; Cisneros J.Z.; Zhu D.; Eggertsen R.
    Background Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Methods For this analysis, we pooled national, subnational, or community population-based studies that had measured blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and older. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2015 in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of raised blood pressure for 200 countries. We calculated the contributions of changes in prevalence versus population growth and ageing to the increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure. Findings We pooled 1479 studies that had measured the blood pressures of 19·1 million adults. Global age-standardised mean systolic blood pressure in 2015 was 127·0 mm Hg (95% credible interval 125·7–128·3) in men and 122·3 mm Hg (121·0–123·6) in women; age-standardised mean diastolic blood pressure was 78·7 mm Hg (77·9–79·5) for men and 76·7 mm Hg (75·9–77·6) for women. Global age-standardised prevalence of raised blood pressure was 24·1% (21·4–27·1) in men and 20·1% (17·8–22·5) in women in 2015. Mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure decreased substantially from 1975 to 2015 in high-income western and Asia Pacific countries, moving these countries from having some of the highest worldwide blood pressure in 1975 to the lowest in 2015. Mean blood pressure also decreased in women in central and eastern Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and, more recently, central Asia, Middle East, and north Africa, but the estimated trends in these super-regions had larger uncertainty than in high-income super-regions. By contrast, mean blood pressure might have increased in east and southeast Asia, south Asia, Oceania, and sub-Saharan Africa. In 2015, central and eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, and south Asia had the highest blood pressure levels. Prevalence of raised blood pressure decreased in high-income and some middle-income countries; it remained unchanged elsewhere. The number of adults with raised blood pressure increased from 594 million in 1975 to 1·13 billion in 2015, with the increase largely in low-income and middle-income countries. The global increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure is a net effect of increase due to population growth and ageing, and decrease due to declining age-specific prevalence. Interpretation During the past four decades, the highest worldwide blood pressure levels have shifted from high-income countries to low-income countries in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa due to opposite trends, while blood pressure has been persistently high in central and eastern Europe. Funding Wellcome Trust. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY license
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    Optimization of process parameters for drying of red Grapes (Vitis vinifera) to raisin: A design expert laden approach
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Singh G.; Kaushal N.; Tokusoglu O.; Singh A.
    Grape is well known to all as nutritious but perishable so to achieve extension in its keeping terms with maintained nutritional profile, oil dehydration is successfully implemented herewith. Present investigation, grapes are dried using independent variables, that is, blended oil (1:1 ratio of olive and clove oil) and temperature, further generating responses in terms of drying time, acidity, total sugars, ascorbic acid, and phenols. Besides this, optimization is performed using RSM (Design Expert 11) through 13 different turns. The optimum conditions were found to be: blended oil concentration was 11% and drying temperature was 63.4°C with drying time, acidity, total sugars, ascorbic acid, and phenols to be 22.80 hrs., 1.26%, 64.2%, 5.60 mg, and 924 mg, respectively. In the present concern, explored novelties relies in the processing parameter where no doubt elevated drying time is cope-up with the minimized temperature keeping in mind to retain nutritional and other physico–chemical traits. Practical applications: Maintenance of nutritional quality and long lasting shelf stability of fresh harvest is the challenging job for food technologist and scientists for the present time. Here, preparation of minimally processed raisin by novel means of oil dehydration and drying is itself unique. Moreover selection of red grape variety to work upon adds extra advantage to run with as is full on phenolics. In addition to this, involvement of statistical modeling is advantageous owe to get better success rate, shelf stable fruits (raisin) that even explore new horizons for oil dehydration applicability to other fruits and vegetables of immense nutrition and least shelf stability concern. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.