Browsing by Author "Solak, MH"

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    Antimicrobial activity of two wild mushrooms Clitocybe alexandri (Gill.) Konr. and Rhizopogon roseolus (Cords) T.M.!Fries collected from Turkey
    Solak, MH; Kalmis, E; Saglam, H; Kalyoncu, F
    Two edible wild mushrooms, namely Clitocybe alexandri (Gill.) Konr. (Tricholomataceae) and Rhizopogon roseolus (Cords) T.M. Fries (Rhizopogonaceae), collected from the southwest of Turkey, were tested for their antimicrobial activity by using the disc diffusion method. The ethanol, methanol, diethyl ether, water, ethylacetate and n-hexane extracts from the fruit bodies of mushrooms were assayed against 13 microorganisms. In comparison with the test antibiotics penicillin, novobiocin, nalidixic acid and ampicillin, the methanol extract obtained from the two mushrooms presented significant activity against E. coli, Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes. On the other hand, the ethylacetate extract from C. alexandri was found to be active against Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, whereas the ethanol extract of Rhizopogon roseolus was active against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This research has shown that various extracts obtained from two macrofungi could be used in vitro to inhibit the growth of some important bacteria and fungi. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Chemical composition and nutritional value of a wild edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom, Tricholoma anatolicum
    Kalmis, E; Yildiz, H; Ergönül, B; Kalyoncu, F; Solak, MH
    The chemical composition and nutritional value of a wild edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom from southwestern Anatolia, Tricholoma anatolicum, were analyzed. Moisture, crude oil, protein, ash, total carbohydrate content, and mineral composition of the mushrooms studied, including Fe, Na, K, Zn, Cu, Ca, Cd, and Pb, were determined. The energy values of the samples were also calculated. The analyses were conducted during the 3 different growing stages of the mushrooms: mycelium, young fruiting bodies, and mature fruiting bodies. The highest values for moisture and crude oil contents were found to be in the mycelium, ash, and carbohydrate content of young fruiting bodies. In addition, Na content was found to be the highest in mycelium. The highest values for Fe were found in the young fruiting bodies, and K, Zn, Cu, and Ca were at their highest values in mature bodies. None of the samples contained heavy metals Cd or Pb.
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    Growth of mycelium of three ectomycorrhizal macrofungi, Infundibulicybe geotropa, Tricholoma anatolicum and Lactarius deliciosus in culture media containing various carbon sources
    Akata, I; Kalyoncu, F; Solak, MH; Kalmis, E
    A comparative evaluation was conducted to assess the effects of different carbon sources on the mycelial growth of three species of ectomycorrhizal macrofungi; Infundibulicybe geotropa (Bull.) Harmaja, Tricholoma anatolicum H. H. Dogan & Intini and Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray. All carbon sources were found to be equally beneficial for mycelial growth. However, sucrose, glucose and arabinose were found to be better carbon source in solid culture for L. deliciosus, T. anatolicum and I. geotropa as the maximum biomass values in the liquid medium at the end of 56 days incubation period and were measured as 66.0, 43.0 and 97.0 mg, respectively.
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    Chemical Composition of Four Wild Edible Mushroom Species Collected From Southwest Anatolia
    Kalyoncu, F; Ergönül, B; Yildiz, H; Kalmis, E; Solak, MH
    Four different species of wild edible mushrooms (Armillaria mellea, Infundibulicybe geotropa, Meripilus giganteus and Sparassis crispa) representing four different families (Physalacriaceae, Tricholomataceae, Meripilaceae and Sparassidaceae) growing in southwest regions of Anatolia were analyzed for their Fe, Na, K, Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb contents and ash, dry matter, protein, and fat levels. All mineral concentrations were determined on a dry weight basis (d.w.). The mineral content of mushroom samples ranged from 54.00 to 112.33 mu g/g d.w. for Fe, 66.50 to 117.33 mu g/g d.w. for Na, 32.33 to 117.00 mu g/g d.w. for K, 47.40 to 87.40 mu g/g d.w. for Zn, 54.30 to 74.67 mu g/g d.w. for Cu and not detected for Cd and Pb. Na content was higher than other minerals in all mushroom species. This research proves that wild edible fungi can be used in well-balanced diets due to their nutritive values. Also, their heavy metal contents (Pb, Cd) shows that collection areas are not polluted, therefore all collected mushroom species can be unreservedly consumed without any health risk.