Browsing by Author "Tahir E."

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    Protective Effect of Spirulina on Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: A Functional and Histopathological Study
    (Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging voor ORL Gelaat en Halschirugie, 2022) Tahir E.; Büyüklü A.F.; Öçal F.C.A.; Gürgen S.G.; Sarsmaz H.Y.
    Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, “spirulina,” against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats. Methods: Twenty-eight adult Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. Before drug administration, distortion product otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem response tests were performed. Group 1 (n = 7) received 1 mg of intraperitoneal saline. Group 2 (n = 7) received a single dose of intraperitoneal cisplatin at 15 mg/kg/day. Group 3 (n = 7) received oral spirulina at 1000 mg/kg/day for 10 days. Group 4 (n = 7) received a single i.p. dose of cisplatin at 15 mg/kg/day, followed by 10 days of oral spirulina at 1000 mg/kg/day. The final distortion product otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem response measurements were provided 10 days after the initial drug administration. Cochleas were removed, the histochemical examination was performed by caspase-3, caspase-9, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling methods. Results: Initially, there were no significant differences in distortion product otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem response measurements between groups. Following cisplatin treatment, the mean difference in signal to noise ratio values was lower in the cisplatin + spirulina group compared to the cisplatin-only group. The increase in auditory brainstem response thresholds was more significant in the cisplatin-only group than in the cisplatin + spirulina group. Posttreatment auditory brainstem response latencies were prolonged in cisplatin and cisplatin + spirulina groups; however, a significant difference was obtained between these 2 groups. The cisplatin + spirulina group had a lower density of apoptotic cells than the cisplatin-only group. Conclusion: Spirulina has no adverse effects on cochlear functions and may provide some protection against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. © 2022 Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging voor ORL Gelaat en Halschirugie. All rights reserved.
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    Effect of 2.45 GHz Microwave Radiation on the Inner Ear: A Histopathological Study on 2.45 GHz Microwave Radiation and Cochlea
    (AVES, 2024) Tahir E.; Akar Karadayı A.; Gürgen S.G.; Korunur Engiz B.; Turgut A.
    BACKGROUND: The present study aims to determine the possible low dose-dependent adverse effects of 2.45 GHz microwave exposure and Wi-Fi frequency on the cochlea. METHODS: Twelve pregnant female rats (n = 12) and their male newborns were exposed to Wi-Fi frequencies with varying electric field values of 0.6, 1.9, 5, 10 V/m, and 15 V/m during the 21-day gestation period and 45 days after birth, except for the control group. Auditory brainstem response testing was performed before exposure and sacrification. After removal of the cochlea, histopathological examination was conducted by immunohistochemistry methods using caspase (cysteine-aspartic proteases, cysteine aspartates, or cysteine-dependent aspartate-directed proteases)-3,-9, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon tests and multivariate analysis of variance were used. RESULTS: Auditory brainstem response thresholds in postexposure tests increased statistically significantly at 5 V/m and above doses. When the number of apoptotic cells was compared in immunohistochemistry examination, significant differences were found at 10 V/m and 15 V/m doses (F(5,15) = 23.203, P = .001; Pillai’s trace = 1.912, η2 = 0.637). As the magnitude of the electric field increased, all histopathological indicators of apoptosis increased. The most significant effect was noted on caspase-9 staining (η2c9 = 0.996), followed by caspase-3 (η2c3 = 0.991), and TUNEL staining (η2t = 0.801). Caspase-3, caspase-9, and TUNEL-stained cell densities increased directly by increasing the electric field and power values. CONCLUSION: Apoptosis and immune activity in the cochlea depend on the electric field and power value. Even at low doses, the electromagnetic field in Wi-Fi frequency damages the inner ear and causes apoptosis. © 2024, AVES. All rights reserved.