Browsing by Author "Umur A.Ş."

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    The Effects of Methotrexate on the Development of Neural Tube Defects in the Chick Embryo
    (2003) Vatansever H.S.; Umur A.Ş.; Inan V.S.; Selçuki M.
    During chick development, one of the earliest differentiated tissues is the neural tube. After 24 h of incubation, a chick egg starts to differentiate and 30-48 h after incubation the neural plate is closed from head to tail to form the neural tube. If factors controlling the neural tube's closing are disrupted, this consequently causes neural tube closure defects during this time. In this study, the effect of methotrexate on the developing neural tube was investigated during early chick development. For this research, 40 specific pathogen free (SPF) white Leghorn type chick embryos were used. They were incubated for 30 h at 37.8 ± 2°C. Methotrexate, which inhibits the dihydrofolate reductase enzyme by a competitive mechanism, was injected within therapeutic dosage limits (10 mg/m2, 20 mg/m2, 40 mg/m2) in ovo. Ten eggs were injected with 0.9% NaCl and used as a control group. All groups, after the injection, were incubated for 48 and 72 h. They were then dissected and the embryos were fixed in 10% (v/v) formalin for 2 h. The embryos were embedded in paraffin wax and 5 μ serial sections were taken. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and then observed under light microscopy. While 20 mg/m2 or 40 mg/m2 methotrexate embryos were not alive when they were opened at 48 h incubation, 10 mg/m 2 methotrexate embryos maintained normal development after 48 and 72 h incubation. However, there was developmental retardation in the methotrexate injected group when compared with the control group with development of the brain being retarded; the volume of brain vesicles was lower than in the control group. Our results suggested that methotrexate, an antimetabolite of folic acid, caused neural tube closure defects when injected at therapeutic dosage levels. Folic acid is essential for normal development of the nervous system; therefore, folate antagonists might be more harmful to the central nervous system than to other parts of the developing body.
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    Penetrating injury of cranium: A case report
    (Turkish Association of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, 2005) Temiz C.; Umur A.Ş.; Baǧdatoǧlu C.; Tosun C.; Selçuki M.
    A 38 year-old male patient treated for paranoid schizophrenia for five years was found on a chain saw table at his workplace with a great parasagittal, linear active bleeding wound from left occiput to medial portion of left orbita. He was unconscious with a Glascow coma score of 5 points as 1-3-1. Cranial radiographies revealed a bone defect from left occipital region to left medial border of orbita. CT scan showed also a great linear tissue damage involving left lateral ventricle, and an intracerebral hematoma located mainly at left frontoparietal region. An emergent left frontoparietal craniotomy was performed. Four centimetres laterally midline, there was a linear, vertical tissue wound. Hemostasis was achieved at first and intracerebral haematoma evacuated. At one week postoperatively his eyes started to react to verbal commands. At 7 months postoperatively he was attempting to cooperate with eye movements and writing. He was right hemiplegic, aphasic and on the right side deep tendon reflexes were hyperactive. His Karnofsky score was almost 40 points. Cranial injuries due to chain saw accidents are very rare. Early surgical procedures (incl. decompression) combined with aggressive antibiotherapy seem to have a great survival benefits. However best long- term results show that this type of injuries have a great rate of mortality and morbidity despite all surgical and medical treatment procedures.
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    Analysis of the effects of inhibitor and activator systems (smad's proteins) of TGF-βs on chick neural tube closure; [Tavuk Nöral Tüp Kapanmasinda TGF-βs Inhibitör ve Aktivatör Sisteminin (Smad's Proteinleri) Etkilerinin Araştirilmasi]
    (2010) Umur N.; Vatansever S.; Umur A.Ş.; Özbilgin K.; Selçuki M.
    The families of TGF-βs and Smads proteins that controls its intracellular signaling pathways are known to play a role in early neurulation. The aim of this study is to demonstrate distribution of TGF-βs (1, 2, 3) and Smads (1/2/3, 6, 7) proteins as a system in different hours of neural tube development of chick embryos. The SPF eggs were incubated at 37.8±2°C for 24th, 30th, 48th, 72nd h. After that, embryos were examined using immunohistochemistry and western blotting techniques. To the results, TGF-βs immunoreactivities (particularly TGF-β3) at the 24th, 30th and 48th h of chick development (during neural tube closure) were determined and decreased at the 72nd h (after neural tube closure), but expressions of TGF-βs were detected in all stage of embryos in western blotting. While Smad 1/2/3 immunoreactivitiy and expression was less than that of the Smad 6 and 7 at the 24th, it was increased at the 30th h. Smads proteins immunoreactivities were decresead at the 72nd h. In conclusion, the members of TGF-βs are play a role in chick neural tube closure, the secretions of TGF-βs are controlled different Smad proteins. In addition, immunoblotting results showed that TGF-βs and Smads proteins were effective in the development of all tissues and organs of the embryos.
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    Inappropriate surgical interventions for midline fusion defects cause secondary tethered cord symptoms: Implications for natural history report of four cases
    (Springer Verlag, 2012) Selçuki M.; Umur A.Ş.; Duransoy Y.K.; Ozdemir S.; Selcuki D.
    Introduction The causes of tethered spinal cord are various. In order to release the tethering effect of these malformations, the surgical interventions must include removal of all tethering components, reconstruction of the neural tube and sectioning of tight filum terminale as well. Cases The cases reported in this paper have had an operation many years before for various developmental defects. After a certain period of time (5-10 years) of the first operation, the patients reapplied to the hospital with various symptoms of spinal cord tethering, either vertical or horizontal. Discussion At surgical intervention, it was noted that inappropriate surgical procedures caused retethering of the spinal cord in all patients. Postoperative period of all patients were uneventful. All patients declared relief in their symptoms. We would like to draw attention that untreated (or inappropriately treated) midline developmental defects will invariably cause syndrome of tethered cord. Consequently, prophylactic surgical untethering must be applied to all patients with developmental midline defects as soon as possible. Conclusion It looks that tethered cord symptoms invariably appear as enough negative influence accumulates as the time passes. Elapsed time may vary but unpleasant end result invariably arrives. While these cases with tethered spinal cord develop progressive neurological symptoms, prophylactic and appropriate surgical intervention should be considered as early as possible. There is no acceptable rationale to wait for the appearance of tethered cord syndrome symptoms to perform surgical untethering of the spinal cord because of the probability of irreversibility of the symptoms (incontinence of urine in particular) of tethered spinal cord syndrome. ©Springer-Verlag 2012.
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    Double dorsal lipoma; Fibrous septum; lipomyelomeningocele; split cord malformation; [Aynı seviyede ayrık omurilik anomalisi tip ii ve çift lipom birlikteliği: Nadir bir olgunun sunumu]
    (Ege University Press, 2014) Mete M.; Gursoy G.; Umur A.Ş.; Selçukİ M.
    Split cord malformations are classified as type I and type II and can be associated with lipomyelomeningocele. Although multiple lipoma in different levels at the same patient has been described, combination of SCM with double lipoma at the same level in literature is only once described previously. Herein, authors presented a 12 years old girl who had SCM type II associated with double lipoma at the same level. © 2014, Ege University Press. All rights reserved.
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    The diferentiation of neuronal cells from mouse embryonic stem cells; [Fare embriyonik kök hücrelerden nöronal hücrelerin farkli{dotless}laşmasi{dotless}]
    (Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2014) Umur N.; Vatansever H.S.; Umur A.Ş.; Türköz E.; Özbilgin K.
    With new technologies emerging today, the importance of stem cells in the cell therapy of nervous system diseases is supported by recent studies. Therefore, the development of neuronal cell differentiation protocols from stem cells is of great importance. In our study, the differentiation of neuronal and neuroglial cells from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell line and their analysis with neuronal cell markers are aimed. Mouse ES cells were differentiated to neurogenic series cells by adding N2 and bFGF to the culture medium on coated Fibronectin dishes. For the identification of differentiated cells, they were evaluated by light microscopy using immunhistochemistry techniques and by electron microscopy. Indirect immunohistochemical staining method was performed with SSEA-1 (mouse embriyonic stem cells marker), Nestin (neural precursor cells marker), βIII-Tubulin (neuronal cells marker), MAP-2 (neuronal cells marker), GFAP (astrocyte marker), and O4 (oligodendrocyte marker). After 1 week of differentiation of cells, immunoreactivities of SSEA-1 and Nestin were detected to be negative and moderate, respectively. After 2 weeks culture time, the differentiation was still continuing and especially positive immunoreactivities of β-III Tubulin and MAP-2 and weak immunoreactivities of O4 and GFAP were supported neuronal differentiation. In conclusion, our results suggest that neuronal cell derived from mouse ES cells were differentiated particularly to neuron using N2+bFGF+fibronectin culture condition. Therefore, these differentiated cells may be used as a treatment method in degenerative diseases of the nervous system.
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    A giant hypertrophy of C5 spinous process in Klippel-Feil syndrome; [Klippel-Feil sendromunda C5 spinöz proçesinin dev hipertrofisi]
    (Ege University Press, 2015) Mete M.; Ünsal Ü.Ü.; Duransoy Y.K.; Umur A.Ş.; Selçukİ M.
    Congenital cervical spinal anomalies are relatively common and can be seen in upper and lower cervical regions. However, hypertrophy of the lamina and spinous process of cervical vertebra is extremely rare. Here we reported an 11-year-old girl with unilateral hypertrophy of the lamina and spinous process of C5 vertebra coexistence with Klippel-Feil syndrome, occipitalization of atlas and atlantoaxial congenital fusion. Because of cosmetic anomaly patient underwent surgery and spinous process excised. To the best of our knowledge, this coexistence of congenital cervical bony anomalies in a child has not been reported previously in English literature. © 2015, Ege University Press. All rights reserved.
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    Inhibiting effect of oleocanthal on neuroblastoma cancer cell proliferation in culture
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2020) Ünsal Ü.Ü.; Mete M.; Aydemir I.; Duransoy Y.K.; Umur A.Ş.; Tuglu M.I.
    We investigated the potential anticancer effects of oleocanthal (OC) on neuroblastoma cells. Cells were divided into four groups: group 1, neuroblastoma cells were treated with OC; group 2, neurons that differentiated from neuroblastoma cells were treated with phosphate-buffered saline(PBS); group 3, bone marrow derived neuronal (BMDN) cells that were differentiated from bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with OC; group 4, BMDN cells that were differentiated from BMSCs were treated with PBS. Groups 2 and 4 were control groups. The effects of OC on cell viability, oxidative stress, neurite inhibition and apoptosis at IC50 dose were investigated using MTT analysis, i-NOS and e-NOS measurement, neurotoxicity screening test (NST) and TUNEL staining, respectively. MTT analysis demonstrated that cells were significantly less viable in group 1 than in group 3. i-NOS and e-NOS staining intensity was significantly greater in group 1 than in group 3. NST revealed that OC inhibited neurite growth in both neuroblastoma and BMND cells; inhibition was significantly less in group 3 than in group 1. Significantly more TUNEL labeled cells were found in group 1 than in group 3. We found that OC prevented growth and proliferation of neuroblastoma cells in culture by increasing oxidative stress and apoptosis. We also found that the cytotoxicity of OC is negligible in BMDN cells. © 2019, © 2019 The Biological Stain Commission.