Browsing by Author "Uslu M.E."
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Item The role of water-soluble meconium subfraction and lipid-soluble meconium subfraction on the superior mesenteric artery vasoconstriction in chick embryos(W.B. Saunders, 2017) Şiyve S.; Ulusoy O.; Karakuş O.Z.; Murat N.; Uslu M.E.; Ateş O.; Hakgüder G.; Olguner M.; Akgür F.M.Objective Intraamniotic meconium has been responsible for intestinal damage in gastroschisis and meconium-dependent intestinal ischemia has been proposed to induce additional intestinal damage in gastroschisis. This study is aimed to determine the effects of lipid and water-soluble meconium subfractions on the contractility of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Materials and methods The study was conducted on 18-day fertilized chick embryos (Gallus Domesticus). Meconium is fractioned into water and lipid-soluble components. Only one SMA tissue was prepared from each embryo and suspended in the organ bath. Isometric contraction responses (ICR) were created in SMA tissues by one hour of incubation in Krebs–Henseleit solution for each group. Groups consisted of control, meconium, water-soluble meconium subfraction and lipid-soluble meconium subfraction. ICR of the SMA specimens were evaluated with a transducer-amplifier system on a computer. The data were expressed (mean ± 1SD) as milliNewton (mN). Results The ICR of the meconium, water-soluble meconium subfraction and lipid-soluble meconium subfraction groups were significantly high when compared to the control group (p < 0.01). The meconium and water-soluble meconium subfraction created more contraction response than the lipid-soluble meconium subfraction (p < 0.01). The ICR of the meconium group was not different from the ICR of the water-soluble meconium subfraction group (p > 0.05). Conclusion Water-soluble meconium subfraction has a profound vasoconstrictor effect on the SMA compared to the lipid-soluble meconium subfraction. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.Item Electrospraying of zein for the preparation of micro/nano-particles loaded with sarcopoterium spinosum extract(AMG Transcend Association, 2019) Süngüc C.; Erdogan İ.; Uslu M.E.; Bayraktar O.Natural compounds that are isolated from various plant species have been the focus of folk medicine due to their bioactivities. Pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries also utilize these natural compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Harsh processing and storage conditions causing loss of their bioactivities limit their applications. Therefore, biopolymeric carrier systems are required to preserve the natural bioactive compounds stability. Sarcopoterium spinosum is used in folkloric medicine for curing diabetes, gastrointestinal illnesses, cancer and pain. In this study, both solution and process parameters for electrospraying technique were investigated to encapsulate S. spinosum extract including natural bioactive compounds in zein particles. The best results were observed in 5% (w/v) of zein concentration in 70% aqueous ethanol. 0.3 ml/hour flow rate and 14 kV applied voltage were used in order to obtain narrow size distributionorbicular and smooth particle structure. The best mixture of S. spinosum extract and zein was achieved at weight ratio of 1:5. The zein microparticles with extract showed remarkable antioxidant activity. © 2019, AMG Transcend Association. All rights reserved.Item Evaluation of the hemostatic activity of Equisetum arvense extract: The role of varying phenolic composition and antioxidant activity due to different extraction conditions(AMG Transcend Association, 2019) Uslu M.E.; Mele A.; Bayraktar O.Hemostasis is a procedure that causes bleeding to stop and is very important in injuries. Recent researches were focused on the discovery of plant hemostatic agents. Therefore, plant extracts were investigated as a major source as a hemostatic agent. In this research, Equisetum arvense extract was investigated as a candidate coagulatory agent. Effect of extraction parameters on coagulation was investigated. Although it has been stated in the literature that the extract of Equisetum arvense has anticoagulatory activity, it has been shown in this study that alteration of the extraction parameters changes the extract bioactivity from the anticoagulant to the coagulant. © 2019 by the authors.Item Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Activities of Condensate from Rf-Vacuum Timber Drying Process in the Forestry Industry(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021) Köse M.D.; Uslu M.E.; Bayraktar O.As the demand for dried timber has been increasing worldwide, drying of timbers is required to supply the demand in the manufacturing industries of furniture and other interior woodwork. During the drying process, some condensation will occur, resulting in liquids' emission, which requires disposal. In the liquid condensate, there are many substances at low concentrations that make their recovery uneconomic. After revealing the potential of the substances available in these condensates, biotechnological processes can be employed to produce high value-added products. This condensate contains tree sap, including proteins, enzymes, and many natural compounds such as terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds. Thus, it is considered that these natural compounds might be beneficial in pharmaceutical applications. Natural compounds such as phenolic compounds are bioactive substances that have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. This study was aimed to characterize the condensate from the Rf-vacuum drying process of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), walnut (Juglans regia L.), and restharrow (Onosis arvensis L.) in terms of antioxidant capacity, total phenol content, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity. Obtained data revealed that condensates from the Rf-vacuum drying process inhibited the growth of both S. epidermidis and E. coli significantly. Graphic Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature.Item Utilization of eggshell membrane and olive leaf extract for the preparation of functional materials(MDPI AG, 2021) Bayraktar O.; Galanakis C.M.; Aldawoud T.M.S.; Ibrahim S.A.; Köse M.D.; Uslu M.E.Eggshell membrane (ESM) is a natural proteinaceous by-product of the food industry, especially in the pasteurized egg industry, resulting in the availability of much discarded egg waste. In the literature, eggshell (ES) and ESM usage for their adsorbent properties to remove various organic and inorganic hazardous chemicals, especially from wastewater, has gained interest. In addition, agricultural (olive leaf) and food industry (eggshell and eggshell membrane) waste can together be valorized to produce value-added functional products. This study’s objective was to evaluate the eggshell membrane’s loading capacity for bioactive compounds obtained from olive leaf extract (OLE) in order to prepare functional biomaterial. In this study, waste eggshell membranes were used to adsorb the phenolic compounds from olive leaf extract to design functional biomaterials. Using the foam separation method, both separation of the eggshell membrane and adsorption of bioactive compounds to the eggshell membrane were achieved simultaneously. The characterization studies showed that OLE was successfully adsorbed to the eggshell membrane. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial studies showed that prepared OLE-loaded membranes were functional materials with bioactive properties. In conclusion, ESM was determined as a promising protein in the production of functional antioxidative and antimicrobial food or dietary supplement after the adsorption of bioactive olive leaf polyphenols. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Item Introduction to Biomass to Biofuels Technologies(wiley, 2021) Taymaz E.R.; Uslu M.E.; Deniz I.Biofuels are renewable, environmentally friendly, alternative fuels suitable for use as heat, power and alternative engine fuel, important for the socioeconomic development of countries, resource diversity and supply security. Applications of liquid-solid-gas biofuels obtained from biomass in energy sources are increasing rapidly. The bioenergy sector has a rather complex structure due to the diversity of potential raw materials and technical ways to convert biomass into energy. Sixty percent of the biomass is derived from agricultural waste, and various conversion techniques are applied to these organic wastes for bioenergy production. The most important alternative biofuels based on biomass can be classified as bioethanol, biodiesel, biogas, bio-methanol, bio-methyl ether and bio-oil. The most common biofuels are bioethanol and biodiesel. Biofuels have been found to increase its usability due to being based on renewable biological resources and non-toxic, having a good biodegradability, causing very low emissions when burned and being environmentally friendly. This chapter investigates biomass resources and biofuel technologies in a bio-refinery concept. © 2021 Scrivener Publishing LLC.Item Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient Measurement in a Stirred Tank Reactor(Humana Press Inc., 2022) Inam A.; Taymaz E.R.; Uslu M.E.; Binay B.; Deniz I.A bioreactor is a controlled vessel which provides biological conversions into bioactive components using cells or enzymes. In the aerobic processes, it is important to know oxygen requirements of the cells which may vary during fermentation as a result of microbial activity, aging, substrate depletion and product formation, etc. Here we describe the measurement of volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) in a stirred tank reactor using dynamic method based on unsteady state which is also one of the significant parameter especially in scaling-up. The equipment in the measurement according to dynamic method has low cost compared to steady-state methodology. This method is reliable in the determination of kLa when the gas residence time and probe measuring the oxygen concentration of response time are in specific requirements. © 2021, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.Item Investigation and Determination of the Presence of Resveratrol in the Leaves of 99 Grapevine Varieties from the Western Anatolia Region in Turkey(Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, 2022) Taymaz E.R.; Uslu M.E.Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the main plants of economic importance in the world. The development and adaptation of this plant, which is of great importance economically, to have the desired characteristics, is of great importance. The plant is an extremely important resource not only in terms of its fruit, but also because of the presence of secondary metabolites contained in its cellular structure. One of these secondary metabolites is resveratrol. Resveratrol is a metabolite synthesized in high amounts in grapevine, leaf and grape bark. The aim of the study was to determine the amount and content associated with phenolic content of 99 grapevine varieties protected in the Aegean region in Turkey. Our specific goal with this study was to determine an important parameter for Plant Breeding with data obtained as a result of using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the first time in grapevine varieties of the Aegean region. As a result of the analysis, the amount of resveratrol varies between 0-90 mg/kg. At the same time, the total phenol amount analysis was performed to determine the phenolic amount between grapevine types. Compared to plants capable of producing resveratrol, processed or fresh products of the vine are known to be widely consumed by a very large audience. For this reason, it reveals the importance of breeding studies to increase the content of resveratrol. © 2012 Iranian Society of Medicinal Plants. All rights reserved.Item Development and Characterization of Silk Fibroin-based Oral Films Containing Turmeric Extract as Dietary Supplement(AMG Transcend Association, 2023) Uslu M.E.; Bayraktar O.Dietary supplements have extreme importance. Due to the easily degradable nature of these supplements, the development and application of carrier systems in food technologies seem to be extremely important. Today, oral film technologies have gained importance due to their rapid and high absorption properties. This study chose silk fibroin (SF) as the main component due to its high biocompatibility. Turmeric extract has been added to the oral films as an active agent. The prepared films were analyzed with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to reveal their morphological properties, and at the same time, the film thickness was measured. It has been found that the increase in extract amount is a factor that causes an increase in film roughness while causing a decrease in phase separation. It was observed that the film roughness increased twice with the addition of extract. The roughness of the films formed with 15% extract was measured as 28.5. The average roughness of the films formed without the use of extracts was observed as 15.7 mm. It was also observed that the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was doubled for films containing 15% turmeric extract after one hour of release. The films exhibited different weight loss profiles after release as the amount of turmeric extract was changed. Disc diffusion experiments revealed that films containing turmeric extract exhibited antimicrobial effects. © 2022 by the authors.Item Innovations in biocompatible materials: exploring the potential of cellulose nanocrystals from grape pomace(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Taymaz E.R.; Uslu M.E.This study investigates the extraction and isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from grape pomace, an agricultural waste material abundant in phenolic compounds. The process involves organic isolation, alkaline bleaching at various concentrations, and acid hydrolysis to obtain pure cellulose and CNCs. Structural analyses using XRD, FTIR, and TGA reveal critical insights. Comparison with existing research on CNCs derived from other biomass sources, such as Siam weed, highlights similarities in the preparation method and structural confirmation through FTIR analysis. TGA results demonstrate the higher initial decomposition temperature of cellulose from grape pomace compared to unprocessed pomace, showcasing improved thermal stability after chemical purification. In TGA analysis because of high crystal content, 3% NaOH/H2O2 alkaline isolation exhibits the lowest water weight loss among all samples. Observations on crystallinity index variations in CNCs attribute these changes to alterations in alkali isolation concentration, corroborated by previous studies. The success of organic and alkaline isolations underscores the effectiveness of these methods in obtaining cellulose from grape pomace. The obtained cellulose and CNCs exhibit high potential in biomaterial applications. This study elevates the value of grape pomace from a disregarded waste product to a valuable source of cellulose for diverse applications in biomaterials, food, and bioprocess. Furthermore, the exploration of CNCs from grape pomace in natural packaging coatings and drug carrier systems opens new avenues for their utilization. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the overlooked potential of grape pomace and establishes the significance of cellulose extracted from this source, suggesting a promising future in various industries. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2024.