Browsing by Author "Wu X."

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    Polygenic Risk Scores have high diagnostic capacity in ankylosing spondylitis
    (BMJ Publishing Group, 2021) Li Z.; Wu X.; Leo P.J.; De Guzman E.; Akkoc N.; Breban M.; MacFarlane G.J.; Mahmoudi M.; Marzo-Ortega H.; Anderson L.K.; Wheeler L.; Chou C.-T.; Harrison A.A.; Stebbings S.; Jones G.T.; Bang S.-Y.; Wang G.; Jamshidi A.; Farhadi E.; Song J.; Lin L.; Li M.; Wei J.C.-C.; Martin N.G.; Wright M.J.; Lee M.; Wang Y.; Zhan J.; Zhang J.-S.; Wang X.; Jin Z.-B.; Weisman M.H.; Gensler L.S.; Ward M.M.; Rahbar M.H.; Diekman L.; Kim T.-H.; Reveille J.D.; Wordsworth B.P.; Xu H.; Brown M.A.
    Objective We sought to test the hypothesis that Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) have strong capacity to discriminate cases of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) from healthy controls and individuals in the community with chronic back pain. Methods PRSs were developed and validated in individuals of European and East Asian ethnicity, using data from genome-wide association studies in 15 585 AS cases and 20 452 controls. The discriminatory values of PRSs in these populations were compared with other widely used diagnostic tests, including C-reactive protein (CRP), HLA-B27 and sacroiliac MRI. Results In people of European descent, PRS had high discriminatory capacity with area under the curve (AUC) in receiver operator characteristic analysis of 0.924. This was significantly better than for HLA-B27 testing alone (AUC=0.869), MRI (AUC=0.885) or C-reactive protein (AUC=0.700). PRS developed and validated in individuals of East Asian descent performed similarly (AUC=0.948). Assuming a prior probability of AS of 10% such as in patients with chronic back pain under 45 years of age, compared with HLA-B27 testing alone, PRS provides higher positive values for 35% of patients and negative predictive values for 67.5% of patients. For PRS, in people of European descent, the maximum positive predictive value was 78.2% and negative predictive value was 100%, whereas for HLA-B27, these values were 51.9% and 97.9%, respectively. Conclusions PRS have higher discriminatory capacity for AS than CRP, sacroiliac MRI or HLA-B27 status alone. For optimal performance, PRS should be developed for use in the specific ethnic groups to which they are to be applied. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
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    Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample
    (Nature Research, 2022) Bago B.; Kovacs M.; Protzko J.; Nagy T.; Kekecs Z.; Palfi B.; Adamkovic M.; Adamus S.; Albalooshi S.; Albayrak-Aydemir N.; Alfian I.N.; Alper S.; Alvarez-Solas S.; Alves S.G.; Amaya S.; Andresen P.K.; Anjum G.; Ansari D.; Arriaga P.; Aruta J.J.B.R.; Arvanitis A.; Babincak P.; Barzykowski K.; Bashour B.; Baskin E.; Batalha L.; Batres C.; Bavolar J.; Bayrak F.; Becker B.; Becker M.; Belaus A.; Białek M.; Bilancini E.; Boller D.; Boncinelli L.; Boudesseul J.; Brown B.T.; Buchanan E.M.; Butt M.M.; Calvillo D.P.; Carnes N.C.; Celniker J.B.; Chartier C.R.; Chopik W.J.; Chotikavan P.; Chuan-Peng H.; Clancy R.F.; Çoker O.; Correia R.C.; Adoric V.C.; Cubillas C.P.; Czoschke S.; Daryani Y.; de Grefte J.A.M.; de Vries W.C.; Burak E.G.D.; Dias C.; Dixson B.J.W.; Du X.; Dumančić F.; Dumbravă A.; Dutra N.B.; Enachescu J.; Esteban-Serna C.; Eudave L.; Evans T.R.; Feldman G.; Felisberti F.M.; Fiedler S.; Findor A.; Fleischmann A.; Foroni F.; Francová R.; Frank D.-A.; Fu C.H.Y.; Gao S.; Ghasemi O.; Ghazi-Noori A.-R.; Ghossainy M.E.; Giammusso I.; Gill T.; Gjoneska B.; Gollwitzer M.; Graton A.; Grinberg M.; Groyecka-Bernard A.; Harris E.A.; Hartanto A.; Hassan W.A.N.M.; Hatami J.; Heimark K.R.; Hidding J.J.J.; Hristova E.; Hruška M.; Hudson C.A.; Huskey R.; Ikeda A.; Inbar Y.; Ingram G.P.D.; Isler O.; Isloi C.; Iyer A.; Jaeger B.; Janssen S.M.J.; Jiménez-Leal W.; Jokić B.; Kačmár P.; Kadreva V.; Kaminski G.; Karimi-Malekabadi F.; Kasper A.T.A.; Kendrick K.M.; Kennedy B.J.; Kocalar H.E.; Kodapanakkal R.I.; Kowal M.; Kruse E.; Kučerová L.; Kühberger A.; Kuzminska A.O.; Lalot F.; Lamm C.; Lammers J.; Lange E.B.; Lantian A.; Lau I.Y.-M.; Lazarevic L.B.; Leliveld M.C.; Lenz J.N.; Levitan C.A.; Lewis S.C.; Li M.; Li Y.; Li H.; Lima T.J.S.; Lins S.; Liuzza M.T.; Lopes P.; Lu J.G.; Lynds T.; Máčel M.; Mackinnon S.P.; Maganti M.; Magraw-Mickelson Z.; Magson L.F.; Manley H.; Marcu G.M.; Seršić D.M.; Matibag C.-J.; Mattiassi A.D.A.; Mazidi M.; McFall J.P.; McLatchie N.; Mensink M.C.; Miketta L.; Milfont T.L.; Mirisola A.; Misiak M.; Mitkidis P.; Moeini-Jazani M.; Monajem A.; Moreau D.; Musser E.D.; Narhetali E.; Ochoa D.P.; Olsen J.; Owsley N.C.; Özdoğru A.A.; Panning M.; Papadatou-Pastou M.; Parashar N.; Pärnamets P.; Paruzel-Czachura M.; Parzuchowski M.; Paterlini J.V.; Pavlacic J.M.; Peker M.; Peters K.; Piatnitckaia L.; Pinto I.; Policarpio M.R.; Pop-Jordanova N.; Pratama A.J.; Primbs M.A.; Pronizius E.; Purić D.; Puvia E.; Qamari V.; Qian K.; Quiamzade A.; Ráczová B.; Reinero D.A.; Reips U.-D.; Reyna C.; Reynolds K.; Ribeiro M.F.F.; Röer J.P.; Ross R.M.; Roussos P.; Ruiz-Dodobara F.; Ruiz-Fernandez S.; Rutjens B.T.; Rybus K.; Samekin A.; Santos A.C.; Say N.; Schild C.; Schmidt K.; Ścigała K.A.; Sharifian M.H.; Shi J.; Shi Y.; Sievers E.; Sirota M.; Slipenkyj M.; Solak Ç.; Sorokowska A.; Sorokowski P.; Söylemez S.; Steffens N.K.; Stephen I.D.; Sternisko A.; Stevens-Wilson L.; Stewart S.L.K.; Stieger S.; Storage D.; Strube J.; Susa K.J.; Szekely-Copîndean R.D.; Szostak N.M.; Takwin B.; Tatachari S.; Thomas A.G.; Tiede K.E.; Tiong L.E.; Tonković M.; Trémolière B.; Tunstead L.V.; Türkan B.N.; Twardawski M.; Vadillo M.A.; Vally Z.; Vaughn L.A.; Verschuere B.; Vlašiček D.; Voracek M.; Vranka M.A.; Wang S.; West S.-L.; Whyte S.; Wilton L.S.; Wlodarczyk A.; Wu X.; Xin F.; Yadanar S.; Yama H.; Yamada Y.; Yilmaz O.; Yoon S.; Young D.M.; Zakharov I.; Zein R.A.; Zettler I.; Žeželj I.L.; Zhang D.C.; Zhang J.; Zheng X.; Hoekstra R.; Aczel B.
    The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is, emphasizing rules, individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is, following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example, the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example, the trolley problem). Our knowledge is limited concerning both the universality of these effects outside the United States and the impact of culture on the situational and psychological factors affecting moral judgements. Thus, we empirically tested the universality of the effects of intent and personal force on moral dilemma judgements by replicating the experiments of Greene et al. in 45 countries from all inhabited continents. We found that personal force and its interaction with intention exert influence on moral judgements in the US and Western cultural clusters, replicating and expanding the original findings. Moreover, the personal force effect was present in all cultural clusters, suggesting it is culturally universal. The evidence for the cultural universality of the interaction effect was inconclusive in the Eastern and Southern cultural clusters (depending on exclusion criteria). We found no strong association between collectivism/individualism and moral dilemma judgements. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
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    Erratum: Publisher Correction: Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample (Nature human behaviour (2022) 6 6 (880-895))
    (NLM (Medline), 2022) Bago B.; Kovacs M.; Protzko J.; Nagy T.; Kekecs Z.; Palfi B.; Adamkovic M.; Adamus S.; Albalooshi S.; Albayrak-Aydemir N.; Alfian I.N.; Alper S.; Alvarez-Solas S.; Alves S.G.; Amaya S.; Andresen P.K.; Anjum G.; Ansari D.; Arriaga P.; Aruta J.J.B.R.; Arvanitis A.; Babincak P.; Barzykowski K.; Bashour B.; Baskin E.; Batalha L.; Batres C.; Bavolar J.; Bayrak F.; Becker B.; Becker M.; Belaus A.; Białek M.; Bilancini E.; Boller D.; Boncinelli L.; Boudesseul J.; Brown B.T.; Buchanan E.M.; Butt M.M.; Calvillo D.P.; Carnes N.C.; Celniker J.B.; Chartier C.R.; Chopik W.J.; Chotikavan P.; Chuan-Peng H.; Clancy R.F.; Çoker O.; Correia R.C.; Adoric V.C.; Cubillas C.P.; Czoschke S.; Daryani Y.; de Grefte J.A.M.; de Vries W.C.; Burak E.G.D.; Dias C.; Dixson B.J.W.; Du X.; Dumančić F.; Dumbravă A.; Dutra N.B.; Enachescu J.; Esteban-Serna C.; Eudave L.; Evans T.R.; Feldman G.; Felisberti F.M.; Fiedler S.; Findor A.; Fleischmann A.; Foroni F.; Francová R.; Frank D.-A.; Fu C.H.Y.; Gao S.; Ghasemi O.; Ghazi-Noori A.-R.; Ghossainy M.E.; Giammusso I.; Gill T.; Gjoneska B.; Gollwitzer M.; Graton A.; Grinberg M.; Groyecka-Bernard A.; Harris E.A.; Hartanto A.; Hassan W.A.N.M.; Hatami J.; Heimark K.R.; Hidding J.J.J.; Hristova E.; Hruška M.; Hudson C.A.; Huskey R.; Ikeda A.; Inbar Y.; Ingram G.P.D.; Isler O.; Isloi C.; Iyer A.; Jaeger B.; Janssen S.M.J.; Jiménez-Leal W.; Jokić B.; Kačmár P.; Kadreva V.; Kaminski G.; Karimi-Malekabadi F.; Kasper A.T.A.; Kendrick K.M.; Kennedy B.J.; Kocalar H.E.; Kodapanakkal R.I.; Kowal M.; Kruse E.; Kučerová L.; Kühberger A.; Kuzminska A.O.; Lalot F.; Lamm C.; Lammers J.; Lange E.B.; Lantian A.; Lau I.Y.-M.; Lazarevic L.B.; Leliveld M.C.; Lenz J.N.; Levitan C.A.; Lewis S.C.; Li M.; Li Y.; Li H.; Lima T.J.S.; Lins S.; Liuzza M.T.; Lopes P.; Lu J.G.; Lynds T.; Máčel M.; Mackinnon S.P.; Maganti M.; Magraw-Mickelson Z.; Magson L.F.; Manley H.; Marcu G.M.; Seršić D.M.; Matibag C.-J.; Mattiassi A.D.A.; Mazidi M.; McFall J.P.; McLatchie N.; Mensink M.C.; Miketta L.; Milfont T.L.; Mirisola A.; Misiak M.; Mitkidis P.; Moeini-Jazani M.; Monajem A.; Moreau D.; Musser E.D.; Narhetali E.; Ochoa D.P.; Olsen J.; Owsley N.C.; Özdoğru A.A.; Panning M.; Papadatou-Pastou M.; Parashar N.; Pärnamets P.; Paruzel-Czachura M.; Parzuchowski M.; Paterlini J.V.; Pavlacic J.M.; Peker M.; Peters K.; Piatnitckaia L.; Pinto I.; Policarpio M.R.; Pop-Jordanova N.; Pratama A.J.; Primbs M.A.; Pronizius E.; Purić D.; Puvia E.; Qamari V.; Qian K.; Quiamzade A.; Ráczová B.; Reinero D.A.; Reips U.-D.; Reyna C.; Reynolds K.; Ribeiro M.F.F.; Röer J.P.; Ross R.M.; Roussos P.; Ruiz-Dodobara F.; Ruiz-Fernandez S.; Rutjens B.T.; Rybus K.; Samekin A.; Santos A.C.; Say N.; Schild C.; Schmidt K.; Ścigała K.A.; Sharifian M.; Shi J.; Shi Y.; Sievers E.; Sirota M.; Slipenkyj M.; Solak Ç.; Sorokowska A.; Sorokowski P.; Söylemez S.; Steffens N.K.; Stephen I.D.; Sternisko A.; Stevens-Wilson L.; Stewart S.L.K.; Stieger S.; Storage D.; Strube J.; Susa K.J.; Szekely-Copîndean R.D.; Szostak N.M.; Takwin B.; Tatachari S.; Thomas A.G.; Tiede K.E.; Tiong L.E.; Tonković M.; Trémolière B.; Tunstead L.V.; Türkan B.N.; Twardawski M.; Vadillo M.A.; Vally Z.; Vaughn L.A.; Verschuere B.; Vlašiček D.; Voracek M.; Vranka M.A.; Wang S.; West S.-L.; Whyte S.; Wilton L.S.; Wlodarczyk A.; Wu X.; Xin F.; Yadanar S.; Yama H.; Yamada Y.; Yilmaz O.; Yoon S.; Young D.M.; Zakharov I.; Zein R.A.; Zettler I.; Žeželj I.L.; Zhang D.C.; Zhang J.; Zheng X.; Hoekstra R.; Aczel B.
    [No abstract available]