Browsing by Author "Yilmaz, B"
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Item The Assessment of Irrigation Efficiency in Buyuk Menderes BasinYilmaz, B; Yurdusev, MA; Harmancioglu, NBWhile extending irrigated areas to augment agricultural production, irrigation efficiency should be increased not only to improve the agricultural production but also to obtain the sustainable use of valuable and limited water resources. Through the use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is a linear programming technique to determine the relative efficiency of a decision-making unit, it is possible to decide whether the use of water in an irrigation district is efficient or not. In this study, an input oriented DEA model is constituted to focus on the efficient use of inputs, and the method is applied to the irrigation districts having similar types of agriculture in the Buyuk Menderes Basin, Turkey. This paper aims to determine the efficient irrigation district(s), in other words where the application of water is the most profitable, considering two inputs; water volume supplied and the total irrigated area, and one output, the total value of agricultural production. The weight restrictions consistent with decision makers' value judgements are added as constraints into the DEA models to prevent excessive weight flexibility assigned to inputs and outputs. The results have provided the efficiency scores of the irrigation districts and numerically delineated desired features of the irrigation districts for maximum efficiency. The analyses for three study years have inferred the robustness of the results. It is concluded that DEA is a practical tool for detecting local inefficiencies and proposing possible improvements for irrigation districts that could offer the greatest potential for growth.Item Multi-criteria decision making for water resource management: a case study of the Gediz River Basin, TurkeyYilmaz, B; Harmancioglu, NBIn this study, a water resource management model that facilitates indicator-based decisions, with respect to environmental, social and economic dimensions in a multiple criteria perspective, is developed for the Gediz River Basin in Turkey. The basic input of the proposed model is the quantity of surface water that is mainly allocated to irrigation purposes. The model has been applied under 3 different hydro-meteorological scenarios that reflect baseline as well as better and worse conditions of water supply and demand, not only to reach a comprehensive assessment of the water budget in the Gediz Basin, but also to evaluate the impacts of proposed management alternatives under different conditions. The Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) software is used as a simulation and evaluation tool to assess the performance of possible management alternatives; performance is measured by 9 indicators representing economic, social and environmental sustainability. The study has delineated the best management alternative on the basis of 3 different multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods, including simple additive weighting (SAW), compromise programming (CP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Each method is also applied with 7 different sets of criteria weights that represent objective judgements as well as subjective preferences of decision makers. The results of the study indicate that the decision on the best alternative is basically independent of the MCDM method used, but slightly sensitive to the weights assigned to the criteria as well as the data used in the analyses.Item Immunolocalization of ERK1/2 and p-AKT in normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, and early and advanced stage endometrioid endometrial adenocancer and their prognostic significance in malignant groupGungorduk, K; Ertas, IE; Sahbaz, A; Ozvural, S; Sarica, Y; Ozdemir, A; Sayhan, S; Gokcu, M; Yilmaz, B; Sanci, M; Inan, S; Harma, M; Yildirim, YObjective: To analyze the expression patterns of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and phosphorylated (p)-AKT in the tissues of non-pathologic endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, and early and advanced stage endometrioid endometrial adenocancer using indirect immunohistochemistry, and also to investigate the effect of ERK1/2 and p-ART expression patterns on prognosis in endometrioid adenocancer. Study design: Immunolocalization of ERK1/2 and p-Ala was examined in six different types of endometrial tissues: proliferative endometrium (PE; n = 10, 11.2%), secretuar endometrium (SE; n = 10, 11.2%), simple hyperplasia (SH; n = 15,16.9%), complex hyperplasia (CH; n=3, 3.4%) and atypical complex hyperplasia (ACH; n = 10, 11.2%), which were obtained from endometrial biopsies, curettage materials, and hysterectomy specimens and classified as the benign group; and both early stage endometrioid (n = 21, 23.6%) and advanced stage endometrioid adenocancer (AC; n=20, 22.5%), which were obtained from complete surgical staging materials and classified as the malignant group. All specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and processed using routine paraffin protocols. Immunostaining intensities were evaluated as negative or weak (assigned as low expression) and moderate or strong (assigned as high expression). Results: In the malignant group, 23 of 41 patients (56.1%) had high ERK1/2 and p-AKT expression, whereas only three of 48 patients in the benign group (6.3%) had high ERK1/2 and p-ART expression (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively), p-ART expression was significantly higher in women with positive lymph nodes (OR 9.0; 95% CI: 1.2-100.0; P = 0.03). Higher expression of p-Ala was significantly associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In contrast, ERK1/2 expression was not associated with PFS or OS. Conclusions ERK1/2 and p-ART can be useful in the differential diagnosis of benign vs. malignant endometrial lesions, as well as early vs. advanced stage endometrioid endometrial adenocancer. Additionally, higher p-ART expression could be used as a marker of poor prognosis in the management of patients with endometrioid endometrial adenocancer. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Detection of Leishmania RNA virus 2 in Leishmania species from TurkeyNalçaci, M; Karakus, M; Yilmaz, B; Demir, S; Özbilgin, A; Özbel, Y; Töz, SBackground: Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus infecting some Leishmania strains and triggering a destructive hyperinflammatory response in mammalian hosts in the New World. There is limited knowledge of the presence of this virus in Old World Leishmania species and its role in the outcome of the disease. We aimed to investigate the presence of LRV in Leishmania species/strains from Turkey. Methods: Twenty-nine previously identified Leishmania isolates (24 L. tropica, 2 L. infantum, 3 L. major) were examined for LRV positivity using dsRNA visualization in agarose gel after total nucleic acid extraction and RQ-deoxyribonuclease treatment and amplification of a 526 bp fragment of the LRV2-specific RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: Ten (7 L. tropica [24.13%], 3 L. major [10.34%]) of the 29 Leishmania strains gave positive results for LRV. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis showed that all these viruses are LRV2-1. LRV2 was detected for the first time in L. tropica strains in the present study. Conclusions: The clinical manifestation and resistance status of the disease can be different depending on the host and parasite species/strains. The presence of LRV2 may be one of the factors contributing the course of disease. Further studies are needed to elucidate the specific role of LRV2, as it may be a potential target for effective treatment strategies.Item Development of pulsed deposited manganese and molybdenum oxide surfaces decorated with platinum nanoparticles and their catalytic application for formaldehyde oxidationÖzdokur, KV; Tatli, AY; Yilmaz, B; Koçak, S; Ertas, FNManganese and molybdenum mixed oxides were co-deposited in a thin film form by pulsed deposition technique on a glassy carbon substrate, and this mixed oxide film was further decorated with platinum nanoparticles. Formaldehyde, being a candidate for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications, was chosen as the test material for the catalytic activities of the developed surface in alkaline media. The synergetic effect of the mixed metal oxide deposit incorporating Pt nanoparticles was verified by using different mol ratios of the corresponding metal ions and applying pulsed deposition conditions and under optimized conditions and, resultant oxidation peak has shown a significant increase in the peak current accompanied by the small shift in the peak potential. The modified composite electrodes were characterized by SEM, EDX, XPS and EIS. Copyright (C) 2016, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item An Indicator Based Assessment for Water Resources Management in Gediz River Basin, TurkeyYilmaz, B; Harmancioglu, NBIn this study, a water resources management model that facilitates indicator-based decisions with respect to environmental, social and economic dimensions is developed for the Gediz River Basin in Turkey The basic input of the proposed model is the quantity of surface water that is greatly allocated to irrigation purposes, therefore supply and demand interrelations in agricultural water use constitute the main focus of the study The model has been applied under three different hydro-meteorological scenarios that reflect baseline as well as better and worse conditions of water supply and demand, not only to reach an assessment of water budget, but also to evaluate the imp acts of proposed management alternatives under different conditions The Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) software is used as a simulation and evaluation tool to assess the performance of possible management alternatives, which is measured by nine proposed indicators The results of the study have indicated that the Gediz River Basin is quite sensitive to drought conditions, and the agricultural sector is significantly affected by irrigation deficits that increase sharply in drought periods Even if the optimistic scenario is assumed to occur, it is not possible to observe a significant improvement in the water budget, however, the negative impacts of climate change can possibly exacerbate the water crisis The Indicators also verified that, efficient water management is crucial to ensure the sustainable use of water resources with respect to environmental, social and economic dimensionsItem Real-time PCR is a potential tool to determine the origin of milk used in cheese productionSeçkin, AK; Yilmaz, B; Tosun, HTraceability of foods has become very important problem respect to food quality and typicalness of foods. Cheeses' milk origin cannot be identified by the consumer and they are sold at different prices under various product names. Recently, this has caused the problem of 'adulteration'. The aim of this study is to determine the amount and origin of milk used in cheese production by using real-time PCR which has been used for identification of animal species in dairy products. In this study, 90 different cheeses offered for sale in Turkey of 30 brands from various sources such as cow, sheep and goat have been studied. At the end of the study, only 36.67% of samples were determined to be produced from 100% cow milk. In the remaining 1333%, a mixture of goat and sheep milk have been found. Only one sample of sheep cheese was produced from 100% sheep milk. In goat cheese samples, 16.67% of cheese was produced from 100% sheep milk and the origin of only 10% was identified as 100% cow milk. No linear relationship could be determined between chemical composition, fatty acids ratios and amount and origin of cheeses (P < 0.05). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Relationship Between Duodenal Histopathology and Strong Positive Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies in Children with Celiac DiseaseDogan, G; Ayhan, S; Yilmaz, B; Appak, YÇ; Dündar, PE; Ecemis, T; Ünal, F; Kasirga, EIntroduction: In celiac disease (CD) strong positive tissue transglutaminase antibody (TTGA) levels (> 100 U/A) have been shown to almost always indicate villous atrophy. The aim of this study is to determine the sufficiency of >= 100 U/A Ig A type TTGA levels for diagnosis of CD. Materials and Methods: Results from duodenum biopsy performed due to positive TTGA in 197 children were retrospectively examined. IgA TTGA levels had a positive value of > 18 U/A. Increases of 5 times or more than this threshold value (>= 100 U/A) are accepted as strong positivity. CD diagnosis was made according to ESPGHAN criteria. A modified Marsh stage >= 2 was accepted as significant for CD. Results: Of the cases, 129 were female (65.5%) and 68 were male (34.5%). Duodenum histopathology was compatible with Marsh 0 for 1 case (0.5%), Marsh 2 for 17 cases (8.6%), Marsh 3a for 41 (20.8%), Marsh 3b for 81 (41.4%) and Marsh 3c for 57 (28.9%). The TTGA levels of 64 of the 197 cases (32.5%) were >= 100 U/A. In cases with strong positivity for TTGA the duodenum histology was compatible with Marsh 3 (villous atrophy) for 63 and Marsh 0 (normal histology) for 1 case (type 1 diabetic and asymptomatic for CD). For Marsh 3c TTGA levels >= 100 U/A had a sensitivity of 85.96% (95% CI: 74.2-93.7%), specificity of 89.29% (95% CI: 82.9-93.8%), positive predictive value of 76.56% (95% CI: 64.3-86.2%) and negative predictive value of 93.9% (95% CI: 88.4-97.3%). Conclusions: This study showed that positive IgA TTGA levels (>= 100 U/A) were almost always accompanied by Marsh 3 duodenal histopathological changes. Diagnosis of CD without biopsy may miss certain accompanying diseases, however in some cases with advanced examinations CD may be diagnosed by pediatric gastroenterology specialists without endoscopy.Item Efficiency of Irrigation Associations in Gediz Basin, TurkeyYilmaz, B; Atmaca, KThis study concerns the determination of the technical efficiency of irrigation associations (IAs) located in the Gediz Basin in Turkey. For this purpose, 10 IAs operating in the Gediz Basin were evaluated with the use of input oriented DEA model which considers two inputs: water volume supplied (m(3)) and total irrigated area (m(2)), and one output: the total value of agricultural production (TL). The assurance region approach was used in DEA not only to include the decision makers' preferences into the analysis, but also to limit the inappropriate input/output weights that may affect the efficiency scores. The IAs were evaluated during the period 2009-2011 to conclude the variation of efficiency over the study years. The results showed that, during the study period there was an increment in the number of efficient irrigation districts from 3 to 6. However, Gediz, Mesir and Salihli Right Bank IAs were not able to increase their low efficiency scores. The possible reasons of inefficiency are investigated, and the target volume of irrigation water and irrigated area ensuring the same agricultural production were determined. It is concluded that in inefficient IAs the same agricultural production revenue can be achieved with approximately 60% less water and irrigated area.Item Influence of Epithelial Permeability on Long Term Airway Resistance in Children with Acute WheezingYilmaz, O; Cingoz, FO; Yilmaz, B; Yuksel, HItem PROPOSED INDEX FOR DROUGHT ASSESSMENT: MODIFIED RECONNAISSANCE DROUGHT INDEX (mRDI)Yilmaz, BMany drought indices have been developed for drought analysis, one of which is the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) that is widely used all over the world due to its inherent capability of sensitivity and resilience. Since the RDI takes into account both the cumulative precipitation and the potential evapotranspiration that is marked as the main advantage. In this study, a modified version of RDI (mRDI) is proposed to evaluate RDI time series by reliability-resilience-vulnerability-max extent metrics. The use of these performance indices incorporates the frequency, recovery period, probable severity and extremity of droughts. As in many sustainability indexes, the high (low) values of mRDI indicate being in a good (bad) status of the region with respect to drought conditions. The application of mRDI is illustrated for four different provinces of Turkey with different precipitation and temperature regimes. The long-term (between 1970-1971 and 2015-2016 water years) monthly precipitation and mean temperature data were used in the study. The 12 months-RDI time series, which used for calculations of mRDI, were obtained by the use of DrinC software. The study revealed that the mRDI is a valuable index, and it allows evaluating not only the recent conditions, but also the historical droughts in a single metric. It provides additional insights for the studies dealing with socioeconomic droughts, ecologic droughts, moreover, mRDI can be used as an efficient indicator in water resources management and agriculture insurance issues.Item A NOVEL APPROACH FOR DROUGHT CHARACTERIZATION BASED ON PERFORMANCE-ORIENTED SPI: AN ILLUSTRATIVE CASE OF SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA REGION, TURKEYYilmaz, BDrought is a main water-related natural hazard due to its features, sensitivities and effects to all sectors. According to climate change scenarios, drought hazards are expected to be more devastating, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Drought characterization is essential to be aware of expected negative effects of droughts as well as to devise water management plans including possible mitigation measures. To this end, many drought indices have been developed for drought analysis, one of which is the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) that is widely used worldwide. In this study, a new drought index is proposed, namely the Drought Power Index (DPI), based on the SPI with orientation by reliability-resilience-vulnerability (RRV) concept. The use of the RRV approach with the SPI time series empowers the drought characterization by considering the frequency of drought event, drought recovery period as well as the severity of droughts-once a drought has occurred. Since the drought is identified as an unfavorable phenomenon, the DPI ranges from 0 to 1 where the higher values indicate higher drought devastating features (probability, duration and extremity of drought) and vice versa. The proposed approach is illustrated with reference to the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey. The long-term (1970-2017) monthly precipitation data of eight meteorological stations under the operation of General Directorate of Meteorological Services of Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs are used in the study. The 12-month SPI time series, which were later used for calculations of DPI, were obtained by the use of SPI_SL_6 software. The study revealed that there has been an increasing trend in DPI values in the basin, especially after 1993. It is concluded that the DPI is a valuable indicator for (i) spatially and temporally evaluating the drought characteristics, (ii) analysing meteorological, agricultural and hydrological drought severity with its coherent capability with SPI, (iii) ranking the regions in accordance with the drought vulnerability conditions.Item ANALYSIS OF HYDROLOGICAL DROUGHT TRENDS IN THE GAP REGION (SOUTHEASTERN TURKEY) BY MANN-KENDALL TEST AND INNOVATIVE SEN METHODYilmaz, BThe analysis of drought trends plays a significant role in the efficient water resource management, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Assessing the drought trends by drought indices, of which the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is the most popular, is a reasonable way, because the drought indices measure the climatic anomalies through their severity, duration and frequency. In this study, the possible hydrological drought trends in the GAP region (Southeastern Turkey) were investigated by the use of 12- and 24-month SPI series. The SPI series were determined by 48-year-long (1970-2017) monthly precipitation data monitored at nine selected stations (Mardin, Adiyaman, Batman, Diyarbakir, Siirt, Sirnak, Gaziantep, Kilis and Sanhurfa) in the GAP region. In the analyses, a recent graphical trend detection method entitled Innovative Sen Metod (ISM) and Mann-Kendall trend test (MK) were used. The ISM has non-parametric basis without any restrictive assumption, moreover, its application is rather simple when compared with the other trend identification methods. The ability to identify the trends of low, medium and high values of a series is the innovative side of the ISM. Since the significance test is a crucial factor to identify the possible trends scientifically, the results were statistical tested at the 0.05 significance level in the methods. The ISM and MK test both revealed that, Mardin is the most vulnerable province in the region, due to the significant decreasing trend, which determined by 12-month and 24-month SPI values. Sanhurfa, Kilis, Siirt, Diyarbakir and Batman are second order drone prone provinces. In accordance with the results of the ISM, there is an increasing trend in normal and wet conditions in Gaziantep, Sirnak and Adiyaman. Specifically, the results highlight that the central of the GAP region has a tendency toward the heavier droughts in the future. It is also concluded that the ISM is a valuable tool with its simplicity as well as the inherent properties to deduce qualitative information.Item A novel ethanol biosensor on pulsed deposited MnOx-MoOx electrode decorated with Pt nanoparticlesOzdokur, KV; Demir, B; Atman, E; Tatli, AY; Yilmaz, B; Demirkol, DO; Kocak, S; Timur, S; Ertas, FNTransition metal oxides provide low cost alternatives to noble metals due to their unique electrocatalytic and electrochromic properties and display strong interactions with noble metal nanoparticles. Present study describes the use of mixed molybdenum and manganese oxide film electrode enriched with platinum nanoparticles to enhance the catalytic performance in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The mixed oxide film, denominated as GCE/MnOx-MoOx/Pt, was co-deposited by pulsed potential deposition technique and then, it was used as an immobilization matrix for the intact bacterial cells. The resulted whole cell biosensor has served as a sensing platform for ethanol detection by monitoring of oxygen consumption as a result of the bacterial metabolism in the presence of the substrate. Following the optimization experiments, GCE/MnOx-MoOx/Pt/Gluconobacter oxydans biofilm was applied to investigate the analytical characteristics and response time to ethanol as well as operational stability and substrate specificity for other carbon sources. The linear range was found as 0.075-5.0 mM with a response time of 63 s and the developed method was applied to the ethanol determination in alcoholic drinks. Satisfactory recovery figures were obtained in comparison to the standard method. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Health benefits and risks of fermented foods-the PIMENTO initiativeTodorovic, S; Akpinar, A; Assunçao, R; Bär, C; Bavaro, SL; Kasikci, MB; Domínguez-Soberanes, J; Capozzi, V; Cotter, PD; Doo, EH; Ergün, BG; Guzel, M; Harsa, HS; Hastaoglu, E; Humblot, C; Hyseni, B; Hosoglu, MI; Issa, A; Karakas-Budak, B; Karakaya, S; Kesenkas, H; Keyvan, E; Künili, IE; Kütt, ML; Laranjo, M; Louis, S; Mantzouridou, FT; Matalas, A; Mayo, B; Mojsova, S; Mukherjee, A; Nikolaou, A; Ortakci, F; Paveljsek, D; Perrone, G; Pertziger, E; Santa, D; Sar, T; Savary-Auzeloux, I; Schwab, C; Starowicz, M; Stojanovic, M; Syrpas, M; Tamang, JP; Yerlikaya, O; Yilmaz, B; Malagon-Rojas, J; Salminen, S; Frias, J; Chassard, C; Vergères, GWorldwide, fermented foods (FF) are recognized as healthy and safe. Despite the rapid increase of research papers, there is a lack of systematic evaluation of the health benefits and risks of FF. The COST Action CA20128 Promoting innovation of fermented foods (PIMENTO) aims to provide a comprehensive assessment on the available evidence by compiling a set of 16 reviews. Seven reviews will cover clinical and biological endpoints associated with major health indicators across several organ systems, including the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, immune, and skeletal systems. Nine reviews will address broader biological questions associated with FF including bioactive compounds and vitamin production, nutrient bioavailability and bioaccessibility, the role of FF in healthy diets and personalized nutrition, food safety, regulatory practices, and finally, the health properties of novel and ethnic FF. For each outcome assessed in the reviews, an innovative approach will be adopted based on EFSA's published guidance for health claim submissions. In particular, each review will be composed of three parts: (1) a systematic review of available human studies; (2) a non-systematic review of the mechanism of action related to the clinical endpoints measured by the human studies identified in part 1; and (3) a non-systematic review of the characterization of the FF investigated in the human studies identified in part 1. The evidence and research gaps derived from the reviews will be summarized and published in the form of a strategic road map that will pave the way for future research on FF.Item Real-world efficacy and safety data of immune checkpoint inhibitors in Turkish patients with metastatic melanoma: A Turkish oncology group studyOzgun, MA; Dogan, I; Eryilmaz, MK; Erdogan, AP; Ayhan, M; Hafizoglu, E; Tolunay, PK; Cavdar, E; Cevik, GT; Demir, H; Dulgar, O; Yilmaz, B; Cakir, E; Gokyer, A; Unal, OU; Perkin, P; Sakalar, T; Gulmez, A; Tasci, ES; Lacin, SItem Determination of sand fly fauna and molecular detection of Leishmania in sand flies in Antalya Province, Southern TurkeyArserim, SK; Çetin, H; Karakus, M; Demir, S; Ser, Ö; Töz, S; Balcioglu, IC; Ölgen, MK; Yilmaz, B; Özbel, YVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are diseases transmitted by infected female sand flies. Since the eradication of malaria in Turkey, CL is the main vector-borne disease in the country, with more than 2000 cases per year, making it a significant public health problem. The aims of this study were to carry out an entomological survey in Antalya Province, an endemic area for CL in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey, to identify sand fly fauna and to screen female specimens for the presence of Leishmania parasites (Leishmania infantum, L. tropica, L. major, and L. donovani) using molecular analysis. Sand flies were collected in 42 localities of seven districts in Antalya Province using CDC miniature light traps in two different periods, June 2012 and September 2013. The specimens were kept in 96% ethanol until the dissection was done. The head and genitalia of the specimens were cut for preparing individual slides for species identification. The rest of the body of female specimens was kept separately. The specimens were identified at the species level, and 27 pools were generated according to the locations and species for screening the presence of Leishmania. A commercial kit was used for DNA extractions. Real-time and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) were then performed. In total, 1306 specimens comprising nine species belonging to the Phlebotomus genus were collected in the study region, with Phlebotomus neglectus/syriacus (38.82%) the most abundant, followed by P. alexandri (21.67%) and P. tobbi (20.44%). In the 27 pools, Leishmania infantum DNA was detected in four pools containing P. neglectus/syriacus and one pool containing P. tobbi. In conclusion, the sand fly fauna in the Antalya Province is diverse. The probable vector sand fly species are P. neglectus/syriacus and P. tobbi with high dominance (59.26%), which indicates a high risk of CL transmission. The data presented here may help to shed more light on the transmission cycles of the Leishmania parasite in this CL endemic area.Item Gingival crevicular fluid levels of TLR-9, AIM-2, and ZBP-1 in periodontal diseasesYilmaz, B; Emingil, G; Öztürk, VÖ; Atmaca, H; Köse, T; Kantarci, AObjectives: Toll-like receptor (TLR)-9, may play a role in periodontal disease inflammation. This study measured TLR-9 and its related molecules, absence in melanoma-2 (AIM-2) and Z-DNA-binding protein-1 (ZBP-1), in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from patients with varying stages of periodontal disease to assess the role of pathogen-derived nucleic acids in inflammation. Materials and Methods: The study comprised 80 participants: 20 with Stage III Grade C periodontitis, 20 with Stage III Grade B periodontitis (P-Stage III-B), 19 with gingivitis, and 21 with periodontal health. Parameters including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. ELISA was used to analyze TLR-9, AIM-2, and ZBP-1 levels in GCF. Nonparametric tests were used for statistical comparisons. Results: The total amount of TLR-9 was higher in P-Stage III-B than in the healthy group (p < 0.05). Similarly, the gingivitis group exhibited elevated GCF TLR-9 levels compared to the healthy group (p < 0.05). GCF AIM-2 and ZBP-1 levels remained consistent across groups (p > 0.05). Significant correlations were found between GCF TLR-9 and CAL (p < 0.05), BOP (p < 0.05), PI (p < 0.01), and GCF volume (p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggested that the TLR-9-mediated inflammatory process plays a role in periodontal disease, as evidenced by the increased levels of TLR-9 in GCF.