Browsing by Author "Yilmaz, K"

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    Breast-feeding knowledge and practices among mothers in Manisa, Turkey
    Yanikkerem, E; Tuncer, R; Yilmaz, K; Aslan, M; Karadeniz, G
    Objective: to determine breast-feeding knowledge and practices among mothers before and after an educational intervention on breast feeding. Design: cross-sectional, descriptive study using a face-to-face questionnaire. Setting: Manisa Maternity and Children's Hospital, which has Baby Friendly status. Participants: 158 women in the early postpartum period. Measurements and findings: 10.8% of women were not aware that they should offer colostrum to their babies. Only 43.7% of women commenced breast feeding with in the first 30 minutes of giving birth. Prior to receiving the educational intervention, 55.7% of mothers knew how often they should feed their baby, 48.7% knew that they should breast feed their baby for two years together with additional food, although 55.1% of women did not know how to hold their breast during a feed. The mean pre-tests core was 9.9 (SD 2.4; range 3-13), and the mean post-tests core was 12.6 (SD 0.8; range 9-13). The difference between the mean pre- and post-test scores was statistically significant (paired t = 15.3, df = 157, P<0.001). Conclusion and implications for practice: given the integral role of breast feeding in improving overall community health, regular breast-feeding counselling should be offered, particularly during the pregnancy and early postpartum period. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Use of zeolite, coal bottom ash and fly ash as replacement materials in cement production
    Canpolat, F; Yilmaz, K; Köse, MM; Sümer, M; Yurdusev, MA
    In this research, the effects of zeolite, coal bottom ash and fly ash as Portland cement replacement materials on the properties of cement are investigated through three different combinations of tests. These materials are substituted for Portland cement in different proportions, and physical properties such as setting time, volume expansion, compressive strength and water consistency of the mortar are determined. Then, these physical properties are compared with those of PC 42.5. The results showed that replacement materials have some effects on the mechanical properties of the cement. The inclusion of zeolite up to the level of 15% resulted in an increase in compressive strength at early ages, but resulted in a decrease in compressive strength when used in combination with fly ash. Also, setting time was decreased when zeolite was substituted. The results obtained were compared with Turkish Standards (TS), and it was found that they are above the minimum requirements. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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    Sulfate resistance of mortars with and without silica fume and natural pozzolan
    Canpolat, F; Yurdusev, MA; Targan, S; Yilmaz, K
    An investigation was carried out on the effect of sulfate attack on the sulfate durability of mortars produced with natural zeolite and silica fume having pozzolanic character. Experiments were accomplished on the standard Rilem sand and portland cement mortars where the cement was replaced by various rates of natural zeolite (Z) and silica fume (SF) separately and together. 5% sodium sulfate solution and 5% magnesium sulfate solution were 5% sulfate exposures of mortars were initiated after 28 days of lime saturated water curing, compressive strength and density were determined at the beginning of exposure and at the 2nd, 7th, 28th, 90th days. Water and solutions were renewed after each period of experimental time, 14 days. Mass changes were determined at the time of renewing the solutions. The effects of sodium sulfate solutions on the properties of mortars were related to the zeolite and silica fume ratio. It is found that zeolite and silica fume replacement had caused significant increase in sulfate durability of mortars even at the highest sulfate concentration up to 90 days of exposure. The durability to sulfate attack was obtained with silica fume replacement 5-10%, but strength loss of 10-15% can be expected. Mortars with SF and Z were damaged in magnesium sulfate solution. The compressive strengths decreased with increasing SF and Z content. The test results showed that the use of Z and SF in concrete exposed to magnesium sulfate environment is not recommended.
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    Comparison of infants and children with urolithiasis: a large case series
    Bastug, F; Agbas, A; Tülpar, S; Yildirim, ZNY; Çiçek, N; Günay, N; Gemici, A; Çelik, B; Delebe, EÖÇ; Nalçacioglu, H; Yilmaz, A; Gökçe, I; Demircin, G; Hacihamdioglu, DÖ; Yilmaz, K; Atmis, B; Yilmaz, EK; Ertan, P; Dursun, I; Aksu, B; Akbulut, BB; Döven, SS; Öner, N; Yel, S; Elmaci, AM; Atikel, YÖ; Erfidan, G; Uysal, B; Biyikli, N; Yazicioglu, B; Küçük, N; Çomak, E; Sever, FL; Akil, I; Aksoy, Ö; Alpay, H
    We evaluated the demographic features, etiologic risk factors, treatment strategies, and outcome of the infants and children with urolithiasis (UL). A retrospective multicenter study was conducted including 23 Pediatric Nephrology centers in Turkey. The medical records of 2513 children with UL were reviewed. One thousand, three hundred and four boys and 1209 girls (1.1:1) were reported. The mean age at diagnosis was 39.5 +/- 35 months (0.4-231 months), and 1262 patients (50.2%) were in the first year of life (infants). Most of the cases with infantile UL were diagnosed incidentally. Microlithiasis (< 3 mm) was found in 794 patients (31.6%), and 64.5% of the patients with microlithiasis were infants. Stones were located in the pelvis-calyces in 63.2% (n: 1530) of the cases. The most common stone type was calcium oxalate (64.6%). Hypocitraturia was the most common metabolic risk factor (MRF) in children older than 12 months, but in infancy, hypercalciuria was more common. Fifty-five percent of the patients had received at least one medical treatment, mostly potassium citrate. At the end of a year's follow-up, most of the patients with microlithiasis (85%) showed spontaneous remission. The rate of spontaneous stone resolution in infants was higher than in children. Spontaneous remission rate was higher in cases with MRF ( - ) stones than in MRF ( +) stones. However, remission rate with medical treatment was higher in cases with MRF ( +) stones. This study represents the results of a large series of infants and children with UL and showed that there are several differences such as underlying metabolic and anatomic abnormalities, clinical course, and stone remission rates between infants and children with urinary stone disease.