Browsing by Publisher "AKADEMIAI KIADO ZRT"

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    The effect of 8-week different-intensity walking exercises on serum hepcidin, IL-6, and iron metabolism in pre-menopausal women
    (AKADEMIAI KIADO ZRT) Buyukyazi, G; Ulman, C; Çelik, A; Çetinkaya, C; Sisman, AR; Çimrin, D; Dogru, Y; Kaya, D
    Objective: Hepcidin may be an important mediator in exercise-induced iron deficiency. Despite the studies investigating acute exercise effects on hepcidin and markers of iron metabolism, we found no studies examining the chronic effects of walking exercises (WE) on hepcidin and markers of iron metabolism in premenopausal women. The chronic effects of two 8-week different-intensity WE on hepcidin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and markers of iron metabolism in pre-menopausal women were examined. Methods: Exercise groups (EG) [moderate tempo walking group (MTWG), n = 11; brisk walking group (BWG), n = 11] walked 3 days/week, starting from 30 to 51 min. Control group (CG; n = 8) did not perform any exercises. BWG walked at similar to 70%-75%; MTWG at similar to 50%-55% of HRRmax. VO2max, hepcidin, IL-6, and iron metabolism markers were determined before and after the intervention. Results: VO2max increased in both EGs, favoring the BWG. Hepcidin increased in the BWG (p < 0.01) and CG (p < 0.05). IL-6 decreased in the BWG and the MTWG (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). While iron, ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin saturation levels did not change in any group, total iron binding capacity (p < 0.05), red blood cells (p < 0.05), and hematocrit (p < 0.01) increased only in the BWG. Conclusion: Both WE types may be useful to prevent inflammation. However, brisk walking is advisable due to the positive changes in VO2max and some iron metabolism parameters, which may contribute to prevent iron deficiency. The increase in hepcidin levels remains unclear and necessitates further studies.
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    IMMUNE RESPONSES ELICITED BY THE RECOMBINANT ERP, HSPR, LPPX, MMAA4, AND OMPA PROTEINS FROM MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN MICE
    (AKADEMIAI KIADO ZRT) Okay, S; Çetin, R; Karabulut, F; Dogan, C; Sürücüoglu, S; Kizildogan, AK
    Immunogenic potency of the recombinant Erp, HspR, LppX, MmaA4, and OmpA proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), formulated with Montanide ISA 720 VG adjuvant, was evaluated in BALB/cmice for the first time in this study. The five vaccine formulations, adjuvant, and BCG vaccine were subcutaneously injected into mice, and the sera were collected at days 0, 15, 30, 41, and 66. The humoral and cellular immune responses against vaccine formulations were determined by measuring serum IgG and serum interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels, respectively. All formulations significantly increased IgG levels post-vaccination. The highest increase in IFN-gamma level was provided by MmaA4 formulation. The Erp, HspR, and LppX formulations were as effective as BCG in enhancement of IFN-gamma level. The most efficient vaccine boosting the IL-12 level was HspR formulation, especially at day 66. Erp formulation also increased the IL-12 level more than BCG at days 15 and 30. The IL-12 level boosted by MmaA4 formulation was found to be similar to that by BCG. OmpA formulation was inefficient in enhancement of cellular immune responses. This study showed that MmaA4, HspR, and Erp proteins from MTB are successful in eliciting both humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.
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    MORPHOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF ESOPHAGOGASTRIC TRACT OF A LIZARD, LAUDAKIA STELLIO (AGAMIDAE, LINNAEUS 1758)
    (AKADEMIAI KIADO ZRT) Koca, YB; Gürcü, B
    Histological structures of esophagus and stomach tissue samples of Lacerta stellio have been studied, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) distribution has been histochemically determined. Histologically, esophagus and stomach of L. stellio are composed of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis mucosae and serosa. Mucosa of esophagus is covered by simple columnar ciliated epithelium with many mucous secreting goblet cells and contains branched tubular glands. Stomach of L. stellio is composed of fundus (oral and aboral) and pylorus regions. Mucosa is covered by columnar epithelium. Fundic glands are branched tubular glands while pyloric glands are usually simple tubular glands. In both regions of the stomach, glands are subdivided into three areas as base, neck and isthmus. Both in the esophagus and stomach, muscular layer is in the form of smooth muscle having inner circular and outer longitudinal layers. According to the results obtained by Alcian Blue (pH 5.8)/Periodic Acid Schiff staining, stomach is similar to esophagus in that neutral mucins and hyaluronic acid (HA) are dominant in isthmus and neck regions of gland tissue of stomach. In the base of the stomach, only neutral mucins have been observed. HA has been observed to be dominant in all other regions of both stomach and esophagus, along with some but not much sulphated GAGs.