Browsing by Publisher "Churchill Livingstone"
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Item Is administration of n-3 fatty acids by mucosal enema protective against trinitrobenzene-induced colitis in rats?(Churchill Livingstone, 1999) Yuceyar H.; Ozutemiz O.; Huseyinov A.; Saruç M.; Alkanat M.; Bor S.; Coker I.; Batur Y.We investigated the protective role of fish oil (FO-source of n-3 FA) enriched diet (in the first protocol) in 20 rats and FO administration intrarectally (in the second protocol) in 40 rats with trinitrobennzene (TNB) colitis. All colonic specimens were pathologically evaluated, myeloperoxidase enzyme activities were measured, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and LTC4 levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. In the first protocol 10 rats (group A1) were fed with 8% sunflower and cotton oil enriched diet and (group A2) with 8% FO enriched diet for 6 weeks. At the end of this period, TNB (30 mg in 0.25 ml of 30% ethanol) were intrarectally administered. After 2 weeks, rats were sacrificed. MPO activities (2.47 versus 30.17), LTB4 (34.5 versus 903.3) and LTC4 (77.7 versus 456.0) levels were significantly reduced in group A2 compared with group A1 (P<0.005). There was also a significant difference in pathologic scores (1.55 versus 2.12, P<0.002) between two groups. In the first part of the second protocol, 20 male rats were randomized into two equal groups (B1 and B2) and TNB colitis was induced. After 1 day, 1 ml of saline (group B1) or n-3 FA enemas (group B2) were administered every day for 2 weeks. At the end of this period, rats were sacrificed and evaluated as done for previous groups. Although there was no significant difference between the two groups in comparison with MPO enzyme activities and pathologic scores, the LTB4 (130.1 versus 971.0) and LTC4 (126.0 versus 532.0) levels of FO group were significantly reduced (P<0.005). In the second part of the second protocol, 20 male rats were randomized into two groups. One millilitre of saline (group B3) or FO enemas (group B4) were administered to rats every day for 3 days. At the fourth day, TNB-colitis was induced and after 24 h rats were sacrificed. We could not find any significant difference in MPO activities, pathologic scores, LTB4 and LTC4 levels between groups B3 and B4. In conclusion; FO enriched diet decreased both pathologic damage and tissue LT levels. The second protocol of our study revealed that the long-term FO enemas decreased the LTB4 and LTC4 levels; however, did not have any beneficial effect on the tissue lesions. Short periods of FO enemas did not have a protective role in the occurrence of experimental colitis. The present study showed that FO enemas significantly decreased LT levels. The protective effect of FO (oral and enema) in TNB colitis may open a new insight into the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. (C) 1999 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.Item Comprehensive microsurgical anatomy of the jugular foramen and review of terminology(Churchill Livingstone, 2001) Tekdemir I.; Tuccar E.; Aslan A.; Elhan A.; Ersoy M.; Deda H.The microsurgical anatomy of the jugular foramen was studied in 12 formalin preserved cadavers (24 foramina) and 40 dry-skulls (80 foramina). The jugular foramen was exposed by microsurgical dissection with drilling from a superior to inferior direction. Observations regarding dural architecture of the jugular foramen and relationships between neurovascular structures passing through the foramen were noted in cadavers. Normal bony construction of the foramen and its variational anatomy were examined in dry-skull specimens. Using photographs and drawings, the anatomy of the jugular foramen is presented and related terminology is discussed in the light of a literature review. © 2001 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.Item Clear cell meningioma: Case report and literature review(Churchill Livingstone, 2003) Kuzeyli K.; Çakir E.; Usul H.; Karaarslan G.; Reis A.K.; Temiz C.; Baykal S.The clear cell meningioma is rare and a recently described histologic variant of meningioma. The most interesting aspect of clear cell meningioma is the high recurrence rate and agressiveness. Until now 17 intracranial clear cell meningioma cases had been reported in the English language literature. We present 2 new cases of clear cell meningioma which is discussed with the relevant literature. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Deaths due to terrorist bombings in Istanbul (Turkey)(Churchill Livingstone, 2004) Yavuz M.S.; Asirdizer M.; Cetin G.; Yavuz M.F.; Cansunar F.N.; Kolusayin R.O.Our study was based on a retrospective analysis of terrorist bombing related deaths in Istanbul (Turkey) between 1976 and 2000. A total of 45,714 autopsy case reports from the Morgue Department of Council of Forensic Medicine were reviewed for this study. There were 120 (0.26%) deaths due to terrorist bombing. Terrorist bombing related deaths were significantly higher during the years of increasing terrorism events in Turkey. Ninety-eight (81.7%) of cases were male and 22 (18.3%) of cases were female. The most frequent age groups of victims and terrorists was between 21 and 30 years of age (n = 60; 50% of the total cases). In 49 events only one death occurred. The highest mortality was 24 in a single event. In this study, we have renewed of characteristics traumatic lesion to ascertain the cause of deaths and other autopsy findings in victims and terrorists. We also emphasize that scene investigation and medico-legal autopsy are the most important procedures provide appropriate information about deaths due to terrorist bombings. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd and AFP. All rights reserved.Item Medicolegal evaluation of vascular injuries of limbs in Turkey(Churchill Livingstone, 2004) Asirdizer M.; Yavuz M.S.; Buken E.; Daglar S.; Uzun I.This study evaluated 372 cases of post-traumatic extremity vessel lesions, for which the Forensic Medicine Council, Istanbul, Turkey prepared medicolegal evaluation reports between 1998 and 2000. The study group (n = 372) comprised of 346 men (93.0%) and 26 women (6.9%), and their ages ranged between 6 and 73 years (30.18±6.13). There were 378 artery (74.5%), and 131 vein injuries (25.5%) out of a total of 509 limb vascular injuries. The most frequently injured arteries and veins were the femoral artery (n = 73), and the deep femoral vein (n = 41), respectively. The causes of injuries were as follows: cutting and stabbing complements, in 160 cases (43.0%); gunshots in 136 cases (36.6%); traffic accidents in 52 cases (14%); work accidents in 23 cases (6.2%); and blunt trauma in one case (0.3%). These injuries were accompanied by local nerve lesions (27.1%), local bone lesions (37.1%), and injuries to other organs (11.0%). The medicolegal assessments by the Forensic Medicine Council showed that there were risk of death in 371 cases. Additionally, there was 'organ dysfunction' in 37 (9.9%) and 'organ loss' in 53 (14.2%) cases. The results of this study suggested that the main causes of severe vascular injuries (i.e. those accompanied by bone and nerve lesions) had serious consequences such as amputation, permanent disorders or loss of function and were caused by gunshot and traffic accidents. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd and AFP. All rights reserved.Item Review of detection frequency and type of synthetic cannabinoids in herbal compounds analyzed by Istanbul Narcotic Department of the Council of Forensic Medicine, Turkey(Churchill Livingstone, 2013) Gurdal F.; Asirdizer M.; Aker R.G.; Korkut S.; Gocer Y.; Kucukibrahimoglu E.E.; Ince C.H.In recent years, synthetic cannabinoids have been frequently observed in seized materials all over the world. This new generation of designer drugs, mixed with herbal substances, is also known as "Herbal Highs" or "Legal Highs". There are many articles about the history, type and pharmaco-chemical properties of synthetic cannabinoids in the literature; however the number of articles about the frequency of their detection is limited. In this study, we evaluated the type and detection frequency of synthetic cannabinoids in Istanbul and its surrounding area. The reports of the Council of Forensic Medicine-Istanbul Narcotic Department were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of synthetic cannabinoids in herbal compounds sent by the judicial authorities between August 01, 2010 and March 31, 2012. Among 1200 herbal compounds, 1179 of them (98.3%) contained synthetic cannabinoids. Twenty-one samples (1.7%) had other psychoactive substances. The analysis of 1179 samples showed that JWH-018 was present in 1172 (99.4%) of the samples. JWH-081 was found in 777 samples (65.9%) together with JWH-018. Samples had different package names. "Bonzai Aromatic Potpourri" (n = 755; 64.0%) and "Bonzai Plant Growth Regulator" (n = 316; 26.8%) were the most common product names amongst the herbal products in this study. It is clear from the present study and previous studies that brand name of synthetic cannabinoids that dominate the market exhibit regional differences as to the type and detection frequency of synthetic cannabinoids and the content of herbal highs packages. The number and diversity of synthetic cannabinoid compounds have increased dramatically in the drug market in recent years. New, different, potent derivatives appear on the market almost every day and this presents important problems that need to be solved by scientists and judicial authorities working to prevent their harm. These problems include the limited knowledge about their frequency, the lack of analytical data and reference standards for analysis of these new derivates, the lack of information on their toxic effects, and information about the metabolism and metabolites for toxicological analysis in human subjects. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.Item A review of suspected cases of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) involved in traffic accidents in Istanbul (Turkey)(Churchill Livingstone, 2013) Acar F.; Asirdizer M.; Aker R.G.; Kucukibrahimoglu E.E.; Ates I.; Erol Y.; Sahin A.Nowadays traffic accidents, which have high mortality and morbidity, are an important public health problem. The association between the use of alcohol and/or drugs by drivers and the increased risk of traffic accidents with a high risk of death and injury has been well described in the literature. This study aimed to review the incidence of cases of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) among all cases of driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol and/or other drugs involved in traffic accidents and to evaluate the type of the psychoactive drugs (with or without alcohol) detected in blood samples in Istanbul and its surrounding area. This study is the first investigation on the subject of DUID cases in Turkey. The reports of the Istanbul Toxicology Department of the Council of Forensic Medicine (Turkey) on suspected DUID cases involved in traffic accidents between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2011 were retrospectively reviewed for alcohol and/or drug use. Alcohol analysis was requested in 4274 suspected DUI cases, whereas drug along with alcohol analysis was requested in only 91. The rate of suspected DUID cases (n = 91) among the suspected DUI cases (n = 4274) was only 2.1% and in this study, we evaluated only the DUID cases in detail. Alcohol was present in 44% of suspected DUID cases. Psychoactive drugs were present in 15.4% of cases. The incidence among 46 confirmed DUID cases was found to be 17.4% for cannabis, 8.7% for benzodiazepines, 4.3% for barbiturates, 4.3% for antidepressants, 2.2% for cocaine and 2.2% for amphetamines. Although there is a zero-tolerance approach for DUID in the Turkish regulations, it is not well recognised and not inspected by police and legal authorities who are responsible for taking measures in traffic accidents and for routine traffic controls in Turkey. It is concluded that psychoactive drugs should be checked as well as alcohol in all traffic accident cases and roadside controls. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.Item The cranially based contralateral nasolabial flap for reconstruction of paranasal and periorbital surgical defects(Churchill Livingstone, 2014) Kerem H.; Bali U.; Sönmez E.; Manavbaşi Y.I.; Yoleri L.The importance of the paranasal and periorbital regions on the aesthetics of the face presents a variety of reconstructive challenges for surgical and traumatic defects of those regions. We used the cranially based nasolabial flap in patients with full-thickness soft-tissue defects of the paranasal and periorbital regions harvested from the contralateral side of the present defect. We present our experience in 25 patients of geriatric population (13 females and 12 males with a mean age of 76) with complex soft-tissue defects in the paranasal and periorbital regions whose defects were reconstructed with contralateral nasolabial skin flaps. Sizes of the defects changed between 2 × 3 cm and 6 × 7 cm. The flap sizes varied from a width of 2 to 5 cm (average 3 cm) and a length of 7 to 11 cm (average 8 cm). Primary closure of the donor sites of the flaps was possible in 24 of the patients in this series. Twenty-one flaps of this series (84%) healed without any necrosis and completely survived. The contralateral nasolabial flap is a very convenient, safe and reliable flap that can be used in medium to large paranasal and periorbital defects. Optimal aesthetic results for a variety of central facial defects could be obtained with this flap, especially when the ipsilateral nasolabial flap cannot be used due to various reasons. © 2014 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Quantitative approach to lectin-based glycoprofiling of thymic tissues in the control- and the dexamethasone-treated mice(Churchill Livingstone, 2016) Balcan E.Dexamethasone (DEX) is the most commonly used synthetic glucocorticoid in treatment of various inflammatory conditions. Here we focused on evaluating the effect of DEX on apoptosis and glycan profile in the mouse thymic tissues. Histological examinations revealed that the DEX treatment cause severe alterations in thymus, such as disruption of thymic capsule, impaired epithelial cell-thymocyte contacts, cellular loss and increased apoptosis. The identification of thymic glycans in the control- and the DEX-treated mice was carried out by using a panel of five plant lectins, Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA), Concanavalin A (ConA) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). Lectin histochemistry results showed that glycosylation pattern of thymus changes upon DEX treatment. For further detailed quantitative analyses of the binding intensities for each lectin, histochemical data were scored as high positive (HP), mild positive (MP) and low positive (LP) and differences among signaling densities were investigated. The staining patterns of thymic regions observed with lectin histochemistry suggest that DEX can affect the thymic glycan profile as well as thymocyte apoptosis. These results are consistent with the opinion that not only sialic acid, but also other sugar motifs may be responsible for thymocyte development. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd.Item Investigation of Turkish nurses frequency and knowledge of administration of intramuscular injections to the ventrogluteal site: Results from questionnaires(Churchill Livingstone, 2017) Sari D.; Şahin M.; Yaşar E.; Taşkiran N.; Telli S.Background Intramuscular injection is important in the administration of parenteral medication and is a frequently-performed nursing responsibility. Objective The objective of this study was to identify the frequency of use of the ventrogluteal site and the level of nurses' knowledge of administering an intramuscular injection to this site. Design A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted of nurses working in four hospitals (n = 362). Data collection tools included a 12 item sociodemographic questionnaire and a 24 item questionnaire on knowledge of the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injection. Findings 17.1% of participants reported using the VG site frequently in intramuscular injections. On the other hand, 35.9% reported that they do not use the VG site in intramuscular injections just because they are not used to giving injections on this site. Level of knowledge of ventrogluteal site was also limited with the mean score of correct answers from 24 questions being 14.37. Conclusion It was found in the study that nurses' knowledge of the ventrogluteal site was limited, and they are not preferentially using the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injections to adults even though it is recommended in recent nursing literature. © 2017 Elsevier LtdItem Effects of low back massage on perceived birth pain and satisfaction(Churchill Livingstone, 2017) Unalmis Erdogan S.; Yanikkerem E.; Goker A.Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of low back massage on perceived birth pain and delivery. Method This study was designed as a study-control experimental type. The study sample consisted of 62 pregnant women (massage group = 31, control group = 31). Massage was applied to the study group in three phases during intrapartum period. The massages were done at the end of latent, active and transition phases (at cervical dilatation 3–4 cm, 5–7 cm, 8–10 cm) correspondingly. The VAS scores were evaluated three times during all phases. Results The first mean VAS score was 5.2 ± 0.9 and 7.3 ± 1.3 for massage and control groups, respectively. Second VAS score was found as 6.6 ± 1.6 in massage group and 8.8 ± 1.0 in control group. The third VAS score was significantly higher in the control group than massage group during third evaluation (9.2 ± 2.4 vs 6.7 ± 2.7) (p < 0.05). The mean duration of second stage was 24.6 ± 12.7 min in massage group and 31.7 ± 20.9 min in control group (p > 0.05). The mean scores of satisfaction about delivery were found as 8.8 ± 0.7 in massage group and 6.9 ± 0.8 in control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion It was determined in the study that lower back massage has a significant impact on reducing labor pain and increasing the satisfaction with birth. Health professionals, who work in the delivery unit, can use massage intervention for decreasing pain, shortening delivery time and increasing satisfaction with birth experience. © 2017 Elsevier LtdItem The effect of music listening on the anxiety of nursing students during their first blood draw experience(Churchill Livingstone, 2017) Ince S.; Çevik K.Background Nursing education is a process aimed both at theoretical knowledge and skill development. The Fundamentals of Nursing is a course that furnishes students with professional knowledge, concepts and technical skills, and, also, is the keystone of nursing education in our country. Students experience a great deal of anxiety as they face basic nursing practices for the first time. Studies have revealed the effectiveness of music in relieving anxiety in many patient groups. However, no previous studies were found where music was used with the intent to lower the anxiety that students experience over the course of skill learning. The experimental study is aimed at determining the effect of music in decreasing anxiety during the first nursing practices of students in a laboratory setting. Methods The experimental study was conducted on nursing students of Akdeniz University attending Fundamentals of Nursing, a freshman course, during the 2013–2014 academic year. A total of 73 students, of which 34 were assigned to the experimental group and 39 to the control group, participated in the study. Data collection was carried out using (a) the student identification form prepared by the authors, (b) skill control lists and (c) the Situational Anxiety Scale. The students in the experimental group listened to music during blood draw skill practice in a laboratory environment. The students were assessed with respect to their performance of blood drawing through skill control lists using the statements “True”, “False” and “Forgotten”. The anxiety levels and vital signs of students were assessed before and after the practice. Results The mean age of the students was 19.08. 64.7% of the experimental group and 82.1% of the control group were female. The age group of 64.7% of the students in the experimental group was female. The age group of 82.1% of the students in the control group was female. After music listening, the mean anxiety score of the students was 38.70 ± 3.83 in the experimental group and 39.76 ± 4.72 in the control group. The difference between the mean anxiety scores of the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The evaluation made before and after the blood draw revealed a statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure values in the experimental group that listened to music(p < 0.05). Conclusions The results of the study showed that listening to music decreased the anxiety levels of nursing students during their first blood draw experience. © 2017 Elsevier LtdItem The effect of altitude and climate on the suicide rates in Turkey(Churchill Livingstone, 2018) Asirdizer M.; Kartal E.; Etli Y.; Tatlisumak E.; Gumus O.; Hekimoglu Y.; Keskin S.Suicide is one of the most important public health problems. There was an association between suicide and several factors such as psychiatric diseases and psychological characteristics, somatic illness, cultural, socioeconomic, familial, occupational and individual risk factors. Also, high altitude and climatic factors including high temperature, cloudiness, more sunshine and low rainfalls were defined as some of these risk factors in the literature. In this study, we aimed to investigate correlation between suicide rates and altitudes of all cities in Turkey and between suicide rates and climatic factors including Rainfall Activity Index, Winter Mean Temperatures, Summer Mean Temperatures and Temperature Difference between January and July previously defined by several authors in the broad series in Turkey. In Turkey, 29865 suicidal deaths occurred in 10 years period between 2006 and 2015. Of them, 21020 (70.4%) were males and 8845 (29.6%) were females. In this study, we found that high altitude above 1500 m, winter median temperature lower than −10 °C and hard temperature changes above 25 °C between winter and summer of settlements were important factors that affected on female suicide rates appropriate to knowledge which defined in previous studies. In conclusion, we suggested that the associations among suicide rates with altitudes and climate should be studied in wider series obtained from different countries for reaching more reliable results. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal MedicineItem Coinheritance of novel mutations in NAGLU causing mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB and in DDHD2 causing spastic paraplegia54 in a Turkish family(Churchill Livingstone, 2020) Gun Bilgic D.; Gerik Celebi H.B.; Aydin Gumus A.; Bilgic A.; Yazici H.; Ceylaner S.; Yilmaz C.; Polat M.; Akbal Sahin M.; Dereli F.; Cam F.S.Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPSIIIB) is one of the lysosomal storage diseases, clinically related to developmental delay in the early phase and loss of skills in the late phases of the disease. The disease is caused by homozygous mutations in the NAGLU gene. Spastic paraplegia54 (SPG54) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by homozygous mutations in the DDHD2 gene. Clinical features are progressive spasticity and weakness in the lower limbs and corpus callosum agenesis. We report on two siblings in a consanguineous family, presenting both the clinical and molecular diagnoses of MPSIIIB and SPG54 with novel mutations by using whole exome sequencing (WES). This interesting finding shows that we should be aware of the importance of using WES for diagnosing rare diseases in consanguineous families. © 2020 Elsevier LtdItem A new clinical entity in T704M mutation in periodic paralysis(Churchill Livingstone, 2020) Gun Bilgic D.; Aydin Gumus A.; Gerik Celebi H.B.; Bilgic A.; Unaltuna Erginel N.; Cam F.S.Periodic paralyses (PPs) are a group of rare disorders characterized by episodic, sudden-onset, flaccid paralysis of skeletal muscles usually resulting in complete recovery after the attacks. PPs are caused by abnormal, mostly potassium-sensitive excitability of the muscle tissue. Hypokalemic and hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HypoKPP and HyperKPP) have been described according to their characteristic phenotypes and the serum potassium level during the attacks of weakness. The T704M mutation on the SCN4A gene is the most common mutation in HyperKPP. Different mutations of the SCN4A gene have also been reported in some cases of HypoKPP. In this study, a large Turkish family carrying the T704M mutation on the SCN4A gene with HypoKPP disease was examined. A similar history was noted in a total of 17 subjects in the pedigree. SCN4A gene of the patients was sequenced with Sanger sequencing. In this study, this mutation was associated with a HypoKKP diagnosis for the first time in the literature. The symptoms of hallucination and diplopia seen in patients had also never been indicated in the literature before. This report expands the phenotypic variability of the T704M mutation, further confirming the lack of genotype-phenotype correlation in SCN4A mutations. © 2020 Elsevier LtdItem The effect of music therapy during colonoscopy on pain, anxiety and patient comfort: A randomized controlled trial(Churchill Livingstone, 2020) Çelebi D.; Yılmaz E.; Şahin S.T.; Baydur H.Background: and purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of music therapy on pain, anxiety, and patient comfort during colonoscopy. Materials and methods: This is a randomized, controlled, intervention study, which included 112 patients that underwent colonoscopy. The patients were randomized into the intervention group (n = 56) that was given 30-minute music therapy during the colonoscopy and the control group (n = 56) without any intervention other than routine nursing care. The data were collected using an information and observation form, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results: The pain and anxiety scores were lower in the intervention group whereas comfort score was higher than control group (p < 0.05). The pain and anxiety levels of the patients in the intervention group decreased after the colonoscopy and their comfort levels increased. Conclusions: The music therapy reduced pain and anxiety, increased comfort during colonoscopy. © 2019Item Cardiac functions in children with growth hormone deficiency: Effects of one year of GH replacement therapy(Churchill Livingstone, 2021) Alkan F.; Ersoy B.; Kızılay D.O.; Coskun S.Introduction: Children with Growth Hormone deficiency (GHD) are prone to heart dysfunction and, if left untreated, will result in marked cardiac dysfunction in adulthood. The aim was to evaluate the effect of GHD and growth hormone (GH) therapy on cardiac structure in children and adolescents, and to investigate the role of insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in this. Methods: M-mode, pulse-wave Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) were performed in 49 children with GHD who were divided into those with a peak GH response < 7 μg/L and 7–10 μg/L after two GH stimulation tests, aged 8–16 years at baseline and at six and 12 months after GH initiation, and 49 healthy peers. IGF-1 concentration was measured. Results: Although the left ventricular end diastolic and systolic diameters in both GH deficient groups were significantly lower than controls (p < 0.01), both diameters increased significantly with one year of treatment and achieved normal values (p > 0.05). Using TDI in both two patients group revealed increased E/A, prolonged isovolumic relaxation time, shortened ejection time, and a significant increase in myocardial performance index compared to controls (p < 0.001). Significant improvement was observed in these parameters from the sixth month of GH treatment (p < 0.001), this improvement does not match parameters measured in healthy peers, even after one year of treatment in both patients group. (p < 0.001). No correlation was found between IGF-1 concentration and any echocardiographic parameter. Conclusion: Echocardiographic parameters were similar in children with a GH peak < 7 μg/L and 7–10 μg/L. In TDI, both systolic and diastolic function was impaired in GHD children compared to controls. These parameters improved after one year of GH therapy but did not recover to healthy control levels. © 2021 Elsevier LtdItem Long term neuroprotective effects of acute single dose MK-801treatment against traumatic brain injury in immature rats(Churchill Livingstone, 2021) Cigel A.; Sayin O.; Gurgen S.G.; Sonmez A.Because brain development continues during adolescence, childhood trauma is a major health problem in pediatric ages. It is known traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in damage in hippocampal and cortical areas of the brain and impairs cognitive functions. The study aims to investigate the long-term effects of MK-801 (dizocilpine), an N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, on hippocampal damage, locomotor activity, and cognitive functions following TBI in immature rats. MK-801 (1 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally immediately after TBI. Thirty-seven litters were randomly allocated into three groups at 7 days (P7) of postnatal age: a control group, a trauma group, and an MK-801 treatment group. The control group received no treatment; the trauma group received saline as vehicle control for the MK-801 group and the MK-801 group received a single dose of 1 mg/kg MK-801 immediately after TBI. Hippocampal damage was examined by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), NMDA-R, and glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry and, BDNF, NGF, and NMDA-R ELISA protein levels were evaluated 125 days after trauma. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations showed that treatment with MK-801 significantly ameliorated the trauma-induced hippocampal neuron loss and increased BDNF, NGF, NMDA-R, GFAP expressions in CA1, CA3, and DG hippocampal regions. Additionally, treatment with MK-801 decreased anxiety and increased hippocampus-dependent memory of animals subjected to brain injury after TBI. These results show that acute treatment of MK-801 has a neuroprotective role against trauma-induced hippocampal neuron loss and associated cognitive impairment in rats. © 2021 Elsevier LtdItem Effect of mobile phone app-based training on the quality of life for women with breast cancer(Churchill Livingstone, 2021) Çınar D.; Karadakovan A.; Erdoğan A.P.Purpose: The study purpose was to determine the effects on quality of life (QoL) of a mobile phone app–based training for supportive care of women with breast cancer who were using adjuvant endocrine hormonal therapy. Methods: The study is based on a randomized pre-post test design. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group that received routine care or an intervention group that received routine care plus access to the mobile phone app–based training support for 12 weeks. QoL and symptom distress were measured before intervention (T0), and after 12 weeks (T1) of intervention. This study is the application of two modality combinations: the mobile app-based patient education (1) and web-based management application (2). The mobile app-based training also provided basic information about breast cancer, symptom diary and lifestyle recommendations (adequate and balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, deal with stress effectively). Results: QoL of the treatment group after intervention increased and distress level was lower compared to the control group; these results were statistically significant. The majority of the patients reported that the mobile application was "informative and useful". Conclusions: This demonstrated that the mobile app is an effective intervention for supportive care in women with breast cancer. The mobile app–based training, which is an innovative intervention, is recommended as a supportive care initiative for women with breast cancer. © 2021 Elsevier LtdItem The effect of postpartum period back massage on serum ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin and visfatin levels(Churchill Livingstone, 2021) Goker A.; Kosova F.; Koken Durgun S.; Demirtas Z.In addition to the initiation and continuity of lactation, hormones transferred from mother plasma to milk during breastfeeding are also important. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of back massage on maternal serum ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin and visfatin levels in women giving birth. A total of 60 mothers, participated in this experimental study. Massage was applied in the first 3–4 h after birth. Blood sample was taken in the postnatal routine. It was determined that the intervention group did not make a statistically significant difference in ghrelin (1.37 ± 0.7, 1.00 ± 0.2), leptin (0.76 ± 0.5, 0.70 ± 0.1), adiponectin (3.55 ± 0.8, 3.05 ± 0.5) levels compared to the control group (p > 0.05). However, visfatin (10.53 ± 2.4, 9.97 ± 2.0) levels were statistically higher than the control group (p < 0.05). Back massage was found to be beneficial in terms of increased growth factors in breast milk production and content. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd